A new Ballad of East and West Market Monitoring based on Drug Checking in two cities in Austria

Transcription

1 A new Ballad of East and West Market Monitoring based on Drug Checking in two cities in Austria East-West-cooperation Manuel Hochenegger Alexandra Karden

2 Innsbruck (state: Tyrol) Population: Population density: 1264/km² Where do service users come from? Innsbruck & Rural areas in Tyrol and surroundings Vienna (state: Vienna) Population: ca. 1,9 millions Population density: 4553/km² Where do service users come from? Urban/metropolitan/city area; mostly Vienna

3 Drogenarbeit Z6 Drug Checking is a scientific collaboration with checkit is a scientific collaboration of funded by: funded by:

4 Stationary Integrated Drug Checking (IDC) in Innsbruck Mobile Integrated Drug Checking (IDC) in Vienna Since 2014 Methods: GC/LC and MS Samples: 909 tested samples ( ) Substance analysis: Innsbruck Medical University, Institute of Legal Medicine and Core Facility Metabolomics Qualitative and quantitative results Samples submission: every Monday pm Notification of results: every Friday (f2f or online) Since 1997 Methods: UHPLC-DAD-MS, MALDI-IT-MS n Samples: ~1000/year Substance analysis: Medical University of Vienna, Clinical Institute for Laboratory Medicine / Mobile bus Qualitative and quantitative results Sample submission: events source: Boran Ilic Fotografie

5 Further services Drogenarbeit Z6 Face-2-face Information & counselling online Information & counselling Legal advice Workshops in youth centers and other youth services Coachings for professionals working with consuming youth Outdoor education (Canyoning, Climbing, Ski Tours, Rafting, etc.) MDA basecamp Partywork Checkit! face-2-face Information & counselling telephone Information & counselling online Information & counselling Legal advice Workshops (Homebase; schools) Coachings for professionals working with consuming youth

6 East-West-cooperation Founded in May 2017 Aims: identifying regional differences in drug markets, consumption patterns and trends establishing quality standards through in-depth exchange ensuring comparable data acquisition for future projects

7 Mean amount of MDMA in XTC tablets Mean purity of MDMA, Amphetamine, Cocaine (2017) Z6 checkit! 866,5 869,6 721,6 721,8 305,7 243,3 175,4 171,0 MDMA in XTC (mg) MDMA (mg/g) Amphetamine (mg/g) Cocaine (mg/g) source: Drogenarbeit Z6 & checkit!, Suchthilfe Wien ggmbh

8 percentage Cocaine purity 100% Z6 & checkit!: cocaine purity in cocaine samples % 80% 70% 17,5% 24,1% 22,7% 30,5% 50,5% 60% 50% 40% 16,8% 33,8% 12,1% 30,1% 20,3% >801 mg/g mg/g mg/g mg/g 30% 17,8% no cocaine 20% 36,5% 26,6% 12,6% 10% 0% 5,1% 4,8% 2014 (n=137) 2015 (n=207) 20,8% 15,5% 0,7% 1,2% 2016 (n=269) 2017 (n=414) source: Drogenarbeit Z6 & checkit!, Suchthilfe Wien ggmbh

9 Cocaine purity and international comparison 811 mg/g Source: EMCDDA (2017), European Drug Report Source: EMCDDA (2018), European Drug Report 660 mg/g 661 mg/g 492 mg/g source: Drogenarbeit Z6 & checkit!, Suchthilfe Wien ggmbh

10 Austrian IDC Differences based on service structure Mobile IDC Stationary IDC Threshold Low: no previous intention for DC needed Target group Visitors of music events mainly goa, techno; common consumer motivation party High: previous intention for DC needed Wide range of target group / undetermined Frequency of service offer ~ 12 times per year ~ Once a month Once a week (mondays) + by arrangement Number of substances submittable for analysis Usually max. 2 samples per person Unlimited (within budgetary limits)

11 30,0% Differences based on service structure Presumed substances submitted for analysis ( ) 25,0% 24,6% 23,6% 24,4% 20,0% 18,7% 18,0% 15,0% 13,3% 15,6% 12,2% checkit! Z6 10,0% 5,0% 4,4% 4,3% 4,3% 6,1% 4,8% 6,7% 8,1% 6,2% 2,2% 2,6% 0,0% XTC Amphetamine Cocaine MDMA Ketamine LSD other NPS unknown source: Drogenarbeit Z6 & checkit!, Suchthilfe Wien ggmbh

12 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% Differences based on service structure Identified NPS groups ( ) 1,0% 20,2% 1,2% 0,6% 58,3% 14,5% 40,6% 8,0% 2,9% 13,8% 7,2% Z6: greater variety in NPS groups Checkit: mainly cathinones and phenethylamines Tryptamines Piperazines Phenethylamines Other Opioids Cathinones Benzyl-Piperidines Arylcyclohexylamines 10% 0% 1,2% 2,6% checkit! (%) 13,0% Z6 (%) source: Drogenarbeit Z6 & checkit!, Suchthilfe Wien ggmbh

13 Differences based on region Sources of purchase ( ) checkit! (n=3.650) Z6 (n=713) Internet / Darknet 9% Germany 1% Europe 4% World 1% Europe 8% World 1% Austria 14% at the venue 23% Internet / Darknet 17% Innsbruck 46% Germany 12% Vienna 48% Austria 6% Tyrol 10% source: Drogenarbeit Z6 & checkit!, Suchthilfe Wien ggmbh

14 Darknet/Internet purchases ( ) 25,0% 20,0% 20,7% 18,9% 15,0% 14,3% 10,0% 12,2% Z6 checkit! 5,0% 5,0% 4,6% 5,6% 1,5% 0,0% source: Drogenarbeit Z6 & checkit!, Suchthilfe Wien ggmbh

15 Z6 and checkit! Result categorization by source of purchase ( ) 100% 13,5% 13,3% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 24,9% 32,7% alert unexpected result expected Result 40% 30% 61,6% 54,0% 20% 10% 0% Internet/Darknet Offline source: Drogenarbeit Z6 & checkit!, Suchthilfe Wien ggmbh

16 Conclusions Market Monitoring by Austrian drug checking services comparable and within European trends Differences between stationary and mobile drug checking result in different presumed and identified substances Checkit! more stimulants submitted for analysis Z6 more NPS submitted for analysis Checkit! NPS: more Phenethylamines and Cathinones Regional differences lead to differences in sources of purchase Z6 Internet & Darknet more often sources of purchase Open questions remain and need further investigation

17 Thank you for your attention! Manuel Hochenegger Alexandra Karden Herbert Oberacher Anton Luf

18 Literature European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (2018), European Drug Report 2018: Trends and Developments, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (2017), European Drug Report 2017: Trends and Developments, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg. Weigl, Marion; Anzenberger, Judith; Busch, Martin; Grabenhofer-Eggerth, Alexander; Horvath, Ilonka; Schmutterer, Irene; Strizek, Julian; Türscherl, Elisabeth (2016): Bericht zur Drogensituation Gesundheit Österreich, Wien.

19 Prices 20,00 18,00 16,00 14,00 12,00 10,00 8,00 6,00 4,00 2,00 0,00 11,52 Speed 18,32 Mean Z6 (n=122) Mean checkit! (n=778) 94,00 93,00 92,00 91,00 90,00 89,00 88,00 93,38 Mean Z6 (n=142) Mean checkit! (n=624) 87,00 86,00 85,00 Kokain 87,84