Underage Drinking in Coconino County. Executive Summary

Transcription

1 2007 Underage Drinking in Coconino County Executive Summary

2 Foreword The Coconino County Alliance Against Drugs (CCAAD) and Citizens Against Substance Abuse (CASA) share a similar mission and vision for Coconino County: To prevent and reduce substance abuse, including alcohol, in our county and to be leaders in directing our youth toward healthier life choices. To that end, CASA, on behalf of CCAAD, applied for and was awarded the Strategic Prevention Framework State Incentive Grant to address the issues facing our county concerning underage drinking. The county-wide assessment focusing on underage drinking was part of the first phase of the grant requirements. This assessment produced a 70-page data document identifying the serious issues Coconino County faces regarding underage drinking. These issues include: binge drinking, youth access to alcohol, adult attitudes about underage drinking and the dangerous health/life consequences of underage drinking. This Executive Summary is a synopsis of that report. We now enter phase two of the grant which is the implementation of strategies identified by community leaders and citizens of Coconino County. CCAAD and CASA are dedicated to implementing these strategies with zeal and determination so that our youth and young adults will have a chance to improve the quality of their lives by choosing not to drink until their brains and bodies are mature enough to manage alcohol. We invite all community members to join us in this important endeavor. Marc Zuch Chair, CCAAD Connie Leto Executive Director, CASA Collaborative Partners Applied Survey Research Coconino County Alliance Against Drugs Coconino County Juvenile Court Citizens Against Substance Abuse Northern Arizona University Social Research Laboratory United Way of Northern Arizona

3 Introduction Underage use of alcohol is a serious issue. Communities face multiple problems among youth resulting from underage drinking including injuries, homicides, suicides, sexual assaults, date rape, and other criminal behavior. 1,2 Nevertheless, alcohol remains the top drug of choice for youth, and is reported as the leading cause of death among teens. 2,3 Although some might dismiss underage drinking as a normal rite of passage from which adolescents can easily recover, research shows that serious long term consequences are linked to such behavior. Some examples of long term consequences include learning and memory impairment, as well as alcohol-related addiction. 4 In this Executive Summary, the results from recent community assessments, surveys and focus groups within the community are reviewed in an effort to study underage drinking and determine what is currently known about this problem in Coconino County. The Coconino County Alliance Against Drugs (CCAAD), Citizens Against Substance Abuse (CASA), United Way of Northern Arizona, and other partners have been part of a collaborative process in building the framework for underage drinking and drug prevention. CCAAD and CASA have a two-phase plan they believe will be effective in building a sustainable system to prevent and reduce substance abuse in Coconino County. 1 National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse. 2 American Medical Association. Teenage drinking: Key findings of Teenage Research Unlimited (TRU) survey of teenagers and Harris Interactive survey of parents. Office of Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse, Chicago, IL,. 3 Teen Tippler: America's Underage Drinking Epidemic. National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, Grant, B.F., D.A. Dawson. Age at onset of alcohol use and its association with DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence: Results from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey. Journal of Substance Abuse, 9, 1997: For information on underage drinking in the Williams area of Coconino County, please see the 2007 Underage Drinking in the Greater Williams Community Executive Summary. Methodology 2007 Citizens Against Substance Abuse (CASA) Attitudes on Underage Youth Drinking Survey This telephone survey evaluated attitudes of adults from the greater Flagstaff, Page, and Fredonia areas regarding youth drinking issues and policies and included questions pertaining to the respondents own alcohol consumption habits and behaviors. In December, this telephone survey was administered to 1,298 randomly-selected residents ages 18 years or older (770 of these residents were surveyed in the Flagstaff area, 421 in Page, and 107 in Fredonia). Community Focus Groups A total of six focus groups were held in Flagstaff; three in November and three in January The six focus groups included youth in treatment for drug abuse, high school youth, Native American parents, community leaders and judicial members, and two diversified community groups. Data Review: 2007 Coconino County Alcohol Use Trends and Data Analysis Coconino County Alliance Against Drugs (CCAAD) with alliance partners Citizens Against Substance Abuse (CASA), United Way of Northern Arizona, Parenting Arizona, Coconino County Juvenile Court and Arizona Strategic Prevention Framework conducted several community needs assessments and Underage Drinking in Coconino County 1

4 reviewed existing drug and alcohol data in order to determine the prevalence of underage alcohol use. Among the data reviewed were two surveys that are mentioned in this Executive Summary: the CASA Challenge Survey, and the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission s Arizona Youth Survey. driving under the influence in Flagstaff, Page, and Fredonia. This is followed by 95% of all respondents ages 18 and over who reported being very concerned or somewhat concerned about the use of alcohol and 91% of all respondents who were concerned about the use of marijuana. In addition, respondents from all six of the Flagstaff Community Focus Groups identified marijuana and methamphetamine as problems in Flagstaff. Five of these Community Focus Groups also identified the misuse of prescription drugs as a problem in Flagstaff. Perceptions of Alcohol Use Percent of Adult Respondents Ages 18 and Over Who Consider Alcohol Use by People Under 21 a Serious Problem or Moderate Problem Percent of Adult Respondents Ages 18 and Over Who Are Very Concerned or Somewhat Concerned About the Following Issues Area Flagstaff (N=770) Page (N=420) 87.0% 91.0% Meth use (N=1,298) 99% Fredonia (N=107) 93.0% DUI* (N=1,298) 99% Alcohol use (N=1,297) 95% Marijuana use (N=1,298) 91% Smoking (N=1,296) 91% Sexual activity (N=1,296) 89% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Age Group (All Areas) % % % % 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Percent Percent * Driving Under the Influence When asked about specific issues that young people face, virtually all (99%) of the respondents to the 2007 Attitudes on Underage Youth Drinking Survey reported being very concerned or somewhat concerned about the use of methamphetamine and Note: N s for each age group are not available. 95% of all respondents ages 18 and over reported being very concerned or somewhat concerned about the use of alcohol. The 2007 Attitudes on Underage Youth Drinking Survey data show that 87% of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over considered alcohol use by people under 21 to be a serious problem or moderate problem, compared to 91% of Page respondents and 93% of Fredonia 2 Underage Drinking in Coconino County

5 respondents. Ninety-one percent (91%) of respondents from all areas ages considered underage drinking a serious or moderate problem in Flagstaff, Page, and Fredonia. In -2007, all participants, except for one, in the six Flagstaff Community Focus Groups reported that they see underage drinking as a problem in Flagstaff and Coconino County. Respondents indicated societal approval as one of the reasons why underage drinking is a problem locally. Other reasons included the perception that drinking is not harmful and the view that drinking is a rite of passage. Percent of Adult Respondents Ages 18 and Over Who Consider Underage Drinking Under the Following Circumstances Acceptable Rites of Passage Parental Supervision Special Occasion Adult Supervision 18% 27% 42% 24% N=420 17% N=107 18% N=770 13% N=420 8% N=107 41% N=107 44% 27% N=420 N=107 56% N=417 N=770 N=769 Flagstaff Page Fredonia N=767 passage ceremonies compared to 41% of Page respondents and 27% of Fredonia respondents. Forty-four percent (44%) of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over also considered underage drinking acceptable under parental supervision, compared to 27% of Page respondents and 18% of Fredonia respondents. Eighty-two percent (82%) of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over reported that they believe that it is never acceptable for an adult to buy or provide alcohol to someone under 21 compared to 90% of Page respondents and 96% of Fredonia respondents. The data also indicate that in, Page had the smallest percentage (40%) of respondents ages 18 and over who knew parents or adults who permit underage drinking in their homes, compared to 43% of Flagstaff respondents and 50% of Fredonia respondents. When respondents ages 18 and over to the 2007 Attitudes on Underage Youth Drinking Survey were asked if they knew adults or parents who have reported underage drinking to authorities, Flagstaff had the least number of respondents who indicated that they did (22%), followed by Page with 32% and Fredonia with 36%. These results suggest that Flagstaff respondents were more tolerant and accepting of underage drinking than those in Page and Fredonia. 0% 10% 30% 40% 50% 60% In, Flagstaff had the highest percentage of respondents ages 18 and over who indicated that underage drinking was acceptable under four different circumstances. Fifty-six percent (56%) of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over consider underage drinking acceptable during rite of Underage Drinking in Coconino County 3

6 Percent of Respondents Who Indicated That They Were Familiar With Arizona s Legal Drinking Age Flagstaff (N=766) Page (N=416) Fredonia (N=107) 86.0% 86.0% 74.0% 6.0% 8.0% 11.0% 0% 40% 60% 80% 100% Accessibility of Alcohol Percent of Respondents Who Believe It Is Somewhat Easy or Very Easy For a Person Under 21 to Get Alcohol in Arizona Area Flagstaff (N=770) Page (N=421) Fredonia (N=107) 76.0% 79.0% 79.0% Percent Respondents who said they knew the legal drinking age, and were correct Respondents who said they knew the legal drinking age, but were incorrect The minimum legal drinking age in the U.S. is age 21. In, a large majority of Flagstaff, Page, and Fredonia respondents ages 18 and over reported knowing the legal drinking age and were able to correctly identify it. Of the Flagstaff, Page, and Fredonia respondents who said they knew the legal drinking age but named it incorrectly (7%), 94% thought the legal drinking age was under 21, while the other 6% thought it was over 21. The incorrect drinking ages that were reported ranged from ages 16 to 30, with 80% of these incorrect responses being age 18. However, 71% of the incorrect responses came from respondents who were age 55 or older. In the Coconino County Alcohol Use Trends and Data Analysis, results from the CASA Challenge Survey showed that in, 4% of youth respondents reported perceiving that their parents approved of their use of alcohol. Thirty-eight percent (38%) of youth respondents to the same survey also indicated that their friends approved of alcohol use. Age Group (All Areas) % 74.0% 75.0% 79.0% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Percent Note: N s for each age group are not available. 76% of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over indicated that they believe it is somewhat easy or very easy for people under 21 to get alcohol. Based on the 2007 Attitudes on Underage Youth Drinking Survey data, over three-quarters (76%) of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over indicated that they believe it is somewhat easy or very easy for people under 21 to get alcohol in Arizona, compared to 79% of Page and Fredonia respondents. Generally, in Coconino County, the older the respondents, the more likely they were to believe that it was easy for underage youth to obtain alcohol. In the Coconino County Alcohol Use Trends and Data Analysis, data from the CASA Challenge Survey indicated that Flagstaff saw a decrease in the percent of youth respondents who believe that it is easy or sort of easy to get alcohol between 2004 and (from 91% to 74%, respectively). In Flagstaff and Page, 40% of the adult respondents to the 2007 Attitudes 4 Underage Drinking in Coconino County

7 on Underage Youth Drinking Survey indicated that they personally know adults who have bought or provided alcohol to people under 21. This is compared to 48% of Fredonia respondents who indicated the same. Percent of Respondents Who Believe That Young People in Arizona are Most Likely to Get Alcohol in the Following Ways Area Older friends buy it Buy it themselves Flagstaff (N=771) Page (N=422) Fredonia (N=107) 25% 27% 18% Parents buy it Take it from parents 24% 25% 24% 25% 23% 26% 25% 38% Prevalence of Alcohol Use Data from the 2007 Attitudes on Underage Youth Drinking Survey show that in, Flagstaff had the greatest percentage of respondents who indicated that they were current or former drinkers. Seventy-three percent (73%) of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over were current or former drinkers, compared to 59% of Page respondents and 35% of Fredonia respondents. Conversely, Flagstaff had the smallest percentage of respondents who indicated that they never drank alcoholic beverages of any kind. More than one-quarter (27%) of Flagstaff respondents indicated that they never drank alcoholic beverages of any kind, compared to 42% of Page respondents and 65% of Fredonia respondents who indicated the same in % 34% In, Flagstaff had the greatest percentage of respondents to the Attitudes on Underage Age Group (All Areas) % 25% 27% 24% 27% 22% 22% 30% Youth Drinking Survey who indicated that they were current or former drinkers % 24% 26% 25% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Percent Note: N s for each age group are not available. When respondents to the 2007 Attitudes on Underage Youth Drinking Survey were asked their opinions about how young people in Arizona are most likely to get alcohol, Flagstaff and Page respondents indicated that all four ways of getting alcohol were almost equally likely, which included taking it from parents, getting it from older friends, parents buying it for them, and buying it themselves. Fredonia respondents ages 18 and over indicated that taking alcohol from parents was the most likely way (38%). Age at Which Respondents* Drank Their First Alcoholic Drink 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 10% 0% 7.0% 6.0% 3.0% 39.0% 29.0% 42.0% 40.0% 52.0% 39.0% 15.0% 13.0% 15.0% Age 0-9 Age Age Age 21+ Flagstaff (N=534) Page (N=239) Fredonia (N=33) * Asked of respondents who reported being a current or former drinker. Underage Drinking in Coconino County 5

8 Onset of Alcohol Use by Grade Level, Flagstaff 50% 40% 30% 10% 0% 0.0% 1.0% 4.0% 3rd/4th grade % 8.0% 7.0% 5th/6th grade 4.0% 7.0% 25.0% 7th/8th grade 37.0% 41.0% 28.0% 9th/10th grade 30.0% 23.0% 8.0% 11th/12th grade Source: Coconino County Alliance Against Drugs, 2007 Coconino County Alcohol Use Trends and Data Analysis, Citizens Against Substance Abuse Challenge Survey, Age at Which Respondents* Experienced Their First Intoxication** 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 10% 0% 3.0% 2.0% 6.0% 1.0% 2.0% 26.0% 22.0% 17.0% 47.0% 59.0% 57.0% 23.0% 15.0% Never Flagstaff (N=500) Page (N=216) Fredonia (N=35) * Asked of respondents who reported being a current or former drinker. ** Intoxication is defined as the condition of being drunk. According to the 2007 Attitudes on Underage Youth Drinking Survey data, both Flagstaff and Page had the highest percentages of respondents ages 18 and over who indicated 20.0% that they drank their first alcoholic beverage when they were between the ages of (40% and 52%, respectively). However, Fredonia had the highest percentage (42%) of respondents indicating that they drank their first alcoholic beverage when they were between the ages of In the Coconino County Alcohol Use Trends and Data Analysis, results from the CASA Challenge Survey indicated that in Flagstaff, between 2004 and the onset of drinking has shifted from occurring in later grades of school to earlier grades. In 2004, of respondents reported beginning to drink in the 7 th, 8 th, and 9 th grades, while a higher percentage (51%) reported their onset of drinking occurring in 10 th, 11 th, and 12 th grades. In, these percentages had shifted, with a higher percentage of respondents (43%) reporting that they began drinking in the 7 th, 8 th, and 9 th grades, compared to 18% in the 10 th, 11 th, and 12 th grades. In Flagstaff, between 2004 and, the onset of drinking has shifted from occurring in later grades of school to earlier grades. In the 2007 Attitudes on Underage Youth Drinking Survey, the largest percentage of respondents indicated that they first experienced being intoxicated between the ages of 16 and 20. Almost half (47%) of Flagstaff respondents indicated this, compared to 50% of Page respondents and 57% of Fredonia respondents. 6 Underage Drinking in Coconino County

9 Number of Days During an Average Month in Which Respondents Had Five or More Drinks of Any Alcoholic Beverage* on the Same Occasion** 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 10% 0% 63.0% 63.0% 47.0% Zero days 19.0% 15.0% 21.0% 1-2 days 8.0% 7.0% 6.0% 3-5 days 2.0% 2.0% 6.0% 6-10 days Flagstaff (N=497) Page (N=215) Fredonia (N=34) 3.0% 4.0% 9.0% 11+ days 5.0% 9.0% 12.0% Don't know * Includes beers, wine, wine coolers, mixed drinks, or other liquor. ** At the same time or within a couple of hours of each other. Binge drinking is commonly defined as having five or more drinks in one sitting or in about two hours. In, 19% of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over indicated that they binge drink 1-2 days during an average month, compared to 15% of Page respondents and 21% of Fredonia respondents. In, 19% of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over indicated that they binge drink 1-2 days during an average month. Alcohol Usage by 8 th, 10 th, and 12 th Grade Students, Coconino County Grade Have Ever Used Alcohol in Their Lifetime AZ 8 th grade 50.6% 46.5% 50.9% 50.4% 10 th grade 71.2% 69.4% 71.4% 67.6% 12 th grade 80.2% 76.3% 79.9% 74.5% Have Used Alcohol in the Past 30 Days 8 th grade 29.2% 24.5% 26.7% 24.1% 10 th grade 43.8% 43.2% 37.9% 39.2% 12 th grade 53.8% 47.3% 48.1% 47.0% Have Engaged in Binge Drinking* in the Past 2 Weeks 8 th grade 15.3% 19.8% 17.4% 13.4% 10 th grade 24.8% 26.4% 24.7% 22.4% 12 th grade 27.7% 32.9% 25.0% 28.2% Have Ever Been Drunk/High in School 8 th grade 20.6% 21.4% 18.6% 13.0% 10 th grade 26.5% 26.3% 29.3% 21.1% 12 th grade 30.3% 27.2% 29.7% 21.4% Source: Coconino County Alliance Against Drugs, 2007 Coconino County Alcohol Use Trends and Data Analysis, Arizona Youth Survey, * Binge drinking is defined as five or more drinks in a row in one sitting. From 2002 to, Coconino County saw the highest net decrease of 5.9 in the percentage of 10 th grade students who have used alcohol at least once in the past 30 days, compared to a net decrease of 5.7 for 12 th grade students and a net decrease of 2.5 for 8 th grade students. The county also saw the highest net increase (2.8) in the percentage of 10 th grade students who have ever been drunk in high school from 2002 to, compared to a net decrease of 2.0 for 8 th grade students and a net decrease of 0.6 for 12 th grade Underage Drinking in Coconino County 7

10 students. Further, the percentage of students who have engaged in binge drinking has increased between 2002 to for 8 th grade students (from 15% to 17%), decreased for 12 th grade students (from 28% to 25%), and remained fairly constant for 10 th grade students at 25%. Overall, Coconino County youth had higher usage in all areas when compared to the state except 30-day usage by 10 th grade students (1.3% lower) and binge drinking by 12 th grade students (3.2% lower) in. In the 2007 Coconino County Alcohol Use Trends and Data Analysis, data from the CASA Challenge Survey indicated that Flagstaff experienced a slight decrease in the rate of youth driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs (from 34% in 2004 to 32% in ). Data from this survey also show that Flagstaff has the same rate of youth riding with drivers who are under the influence as Coconino County (56%). Another survey reviewed in the Coconino County Alcohol Use Trends and Data Analysis was the Arizona Youth Survey, which reported that the percent of Coconino County s youth riding with an impaired driver decreased from 58% in 2002 to 56% in. Overall, Coconino County youth had higher usage in all areas when compared to the state, except 30-day usage by 10th grade students and binge drinking by 12th grade students. In, 56% of Coconino County youth reported riding with an impaired driver. Perception of Consequences and Policies In the Coconino County Alcohol Use Trends and Data Analysis, results from the CASA Challenge Survey showed that between 2004 and, there was an increase in the percentage of youth in Flagstaff perceiving alcohol usage as harmful or very harmful (from 89% to 92%, respectively). The data from the 2007 Attitudes on Underage Youth Drinking Survey also indicate that in, a large majority (71%) of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over believe that there are negative long-term consequences for youth who drink alcohol, compared to 77% of Page respondents and 88% of Fredonia respondents. When asked to list, in their opinion, the three most severe negative long-term consequences for persons under 21 who drink alcohol, the top three responses were: alcohol dependence/ alcoholism (24%), car accidents (18%), and overall negative health (16%). Further, in the Flagstaff Community Focus Groups, respondents indicated that monetary/other costs (e.g. emergency room costs, incarceration costs), health and injury (e.g. brain damage, sexually transmitted diseases), crime (e.g. property, violent crimes), education (e.g. high school drop-out rates, test scores), and perceptions of pro-drinking attitudes are the consequences of underage drinking in Flagstaff and Coconino County. According to Coconino County Juvenile Court data, between 2003 and 2005, there were a total of 1,013 alcohol offenses with referrals to Juvenile Court that were 8 Underage Drinking in Coconino County

11 committed in Flagstaff, compared to 646 offenses in Page and 55 offenses in Williams. A large percentage of these alcohol-related offenses referred to Juvenile Court were committed by offenders who lived in those cities. In Flagstaff, 78% of these offenses were committed by youth who lived there, followed by 55% of Page s alcohol-related offenses, and 62% of Williams offenses. 5 Percent of Respondents Who Agree With the Following Policies Designed to Combat Underage Drinking adults and parents who provide alcohol to people under 21 should be punished, compared to 74% of Page respondents and 83% of Fredonia respondents. Respondents to the Flagstaff Community Focus Groups indicated that the best ways to address the problem of underage drinking would be through community involvement, public service announcements, education, parents, law enforcement, merchants, and the liquor industry. Restrict Advertisements for Alcoholic Beverages N=768 78% N=421 80% N=106 91% Punish Adults and Parents Who Provide Alcohol to Youth N=763 59% N=418 74% N=108 83% Focus on Adults Who Purchase or Sell Alcohol N=767 N=419 50% 51% N=107 55% Increase Punishment for Youth N=770 28% N=422 38% N=107 40% Flagstaff Page Fredonia 0% 40% 60% 80% 100% In, over three-quarters (78%) of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over agreed that advertisements for alcoholic beverages should be restricted to make drinking less appealing to underage youth, compared to 80% of Page respondents and 91% of Fredonia respondents. This is followed by 59% of Flagstaff respondents ages 18 and over who agreed that Next Steps Citizens Against Substance Abuse (CASA) Community Readiness Score Report Summary Methodology In order to assess how ready the community was to initiate change in regards to underage drinking, key informant interviews were conducted and scored using the Community Readiness Model. 5 Juvenile Court data for Fredonia are unavailable. Underage Drinking in Coconino County 9

12 Two scorers assessed transcripts of several key informant interviews. Interviews received a unique score for each dimension of community readiness, and the community s readiness score was determined by averaging these scores. Community Readiness Model Community change is most successful when the community s level of readiness to implement a change is understood. The Community Readiness Model is an assessment process that was used to determine how ready the Flagstaff population is to initiate change to reduce underage drinking. This level of readiness can be a major factor in determining whether local prevention strategies can be effectively implemented and supported. Knowing how ready a community is to initiate change will help coalitions: Develop an effective prevention strategy specifically designed for the community Identify types of prevention efforts that are appropriate to initiate in the community Instill community ownership and build cooperation among systems and individuals Encourage community investment Identify existing resources and possible obstacles Matching a strategy to a community s level of readiness is essential for success. Strategies must be challenging enough to move a community forward in its level of readiness. However, efforts that are too ambitious are likely to fail because community members will not be ready or able to respond. Results Flagstaff s Community Readiness Score indicates that it is in the Preplanning stage. In this stage, there is a clear recognition by community members that something must be done about underage drinking and there are groups addressing the problem. However, efforts may not be as focused or detailed as is necessary. Key informants demonstrated a good understanding of efforts to address underage drinking in the school system. Additionally, half of the informants also identified church programs and programs through the county sheriff s office as being widely available in the community. All key informants indicated that the schools might be one of the first places people would go in search of help for underage drinking. All of the transcripts indicate that community leaders see underage drinking as an issue that deserves attention. Community Readiness Model Recommendations When deciding on the next course of action, it is important to pay attention to the following issues mentioned in the key informant interviews: Include parents and adults in programs. All key informants indicated that current programs were primarily targeted at children or youth. Six out of the eight key informant interviewees expressed a need to expand underage drinking prevention programs to parents and other adults in the community. Target populations and areas that are underserved. Transcripts indicated that parents, other adults, rural communities, and Hispanic community members may be the most underserved when it comes to underage drinking prevention. 10 Underage Drinking in Coconino County

13 Provide schools with materials. Ensure that schools are provided with adequate information. Other outlets may also be investigated. Encourage broad community participation. All key informant interviewees stated that there is a large part of the community who do not see underage drinking as their issue. Efforts to educate the community about the consequences of substance abuse will be incorporated into strategic plans. Obtain and unify leadership support. According to the key informant interviews, community leaders do not see underage drinking prevention as a top priority. There needs to be effective outreach to these leaders about this issue in order to obtain their support. with underage drinking. The goals and intervention strategies are as follows: 6 1. Alcohol Access Goal: Decrease access, availability, and the negative repercussions of alcohol to individuals ages Intervention strategies: Implement keg registration policies. Establish social hosting ordinance. Educate community members to stop supplying alcohol to underage youth. 2. Community Mobilization Goal: Increase community awareness about the harmful consequences of underage drinking. Intervention strategy: Mobilize parents and adults, businesses, media, policymakers, and law enforcement to support efforts in educating the community about the dangers of underage drinking. 3. Underage Drinking and Driving Goal: Reduce the number of underage drinking and driving incidents. Community Interventions CCAAD and CASA established goals and intervention strategies in areas where we felt we could make an impact based upon the information in this assessment and our knowledge of the community. It is anticipated these will alter the physical, social, legal and/or economic alcohol environment, thereby reducing problems associated Intervention strategies: Assist law enforcement efforts by supporting a Beer Keg Registration ordinance and a Social Hosting Liability ordinance. Support juvenile judicial systems by: a) Emphasizing the Asset-Building program. b) Collaborating with Juvenile Court for substance abuse assessment, intervention, and treatment services. 6 Based on Andrew J. Treno, Ph.D., Getting to Outcomes: Reality Check with Environmental Measures. Presentation at the SIG Learning Community Conference, Sacramento, CA, Underage Drinking in Coconino County 11