DAFFMinor Crop Stakeholders Workshop SANSOR Vegetable Seed Priorities Seed Treatment Chemicals
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1 DAFFMinor Crop Stakeholders Workshop 2018 SANSOR Vegetable Seed Priorities Seed Treatment Chemicals
2 South African Vegetable Seed Industry Divided into Professional Vegetable Producers (sales to commercial farmers) Vegetable packet or hobby market (retail sales)
3 Seed sales to Professional Vegetable Producers Photo
4 Vegetable Retail Packet - Hobby Market
5 What is the Hobby Market? Vegetable, herb, flower and lawn grass seed sold in small quantities suitable for home gardeners. All the main seed companies involved in this sector have a very wide product range probably more than 300 products each. Seed is sold in pre-printed packets which typically illustrate the end product and also include planting instructions often in the form of a pictogramme. Some packet ranges include a best before date All include prescribed information: Kind, variety and lot number. Seed weight is usually not included as there is an exemption for seed sold to this segment. Seed quantities vary even within a specie because packet prices (rather than grams per packet) are consistent. Seed companies generally put a sensible quantity of seed in a packet, taking many factors into account.
6 Hobby retail packet market Not all seed packets contain treated seed. A large percentage is untreated. The purpose of chemicals applied to seed in this segment is primarily to limit the effects of the pathogens causing damping off such as Pythium and Rhizoctonia species. It is almost impossible to estimate the hectares planted since many packets are purchased with good intentions but which never actually get planted. Packing runs take economy of scale into account and are generally many thousands of packets. Empty packets are often printed in large quantities well ahead of time. Seed companies hold a lot of stock of both filled and empty packets.
7 Vegetable Seed Market Size Measured in ZAR (as per SANSOR stats for 2016) Local Export OP F1 Total OP F1 Total Grand Total Total Horticulture ,370, ,960, ,330, ,814,000 92,082, ,896,000 1,140,226,000 Packets only - Hobby Market 80,252,094 3,396,693 83,648,787 23,616,405 1,361,402 24,977, ,626,594 Professional Growers 169,117, ,563, ,681, ,197,595 90,720, ,918,193 1,031,599,406
8 Pesticides currently used on all vegetable seed in RSA Minor Crops Active Ingredients for SEED TREATMENT Vegetables Minor crop? Active 1 Active 2 Active 3 Active 4 Active 5 Active 6 Active 7 Active 8 Active 9 Active 10 Active 11 Active 12 Active 13 All Herb Species YES thiram Asparagus YES thiram Broad bean (Veg) YES thiram mefenoxam Broccoli YES thiram mefenoxam iprodione benomyl Cabbage (various) YES thiram mefenoxam iprodione captab benomyl Carrot YES thiram mefenoxam iprodione boscalid metalaxyl Cauliflower YES thiram mefenoxam iprodione Celery YES thiram mefenoxam iprodione Coriander YES thiram mefenoxam Cowpea (Veg) YES thiram mefenoxam Cucumber (various) YES thiram mefenoxam boscalid Curly Kale YES thiram mefenoxam Eggplant/Brinjal YES thiram mefenoxam Garden Bean YES thiram mefenoxam Garden Beet YES thiram mefenoxam Garden Pea YES thiram mefenoxam Garden Radish YES thiram mefenoxam Kohlrabi YES thiram mefenoxam Leeks YES thiram mefenoxam Lettuce (various) YES thiram mefenoxam iprodione boscalid PCAMX-D PCSMD-D Onion YES thiram mefenoxam iprodione boscalid fludioxonil Paprika YES thiram mefenoxam Parsley YES thiram mefenoxam Pepper (hot) YES thiram mefenoxam boscalid Pepper (sweet) YES thiram mefenoxam boscalid Pumpkin YES thiram mefenoxam boscalid Rape YES thiram mefenoxam Spinach YES thiram mefenoxam Spring Onion YES thiram mefenoxam Squash (various) YES thiram mefenoxam boscalid Sweet Corn YES thiram mefenoxam Sweet Melon YES thiram mefenoxam boscalid Swiss Chard YES thiram mefenoxam azoxystrobi n mepronil captab benomyl metalaxyl thiofanaat-methyl Tomato (various) YES thiram mefenoxam iprodione boscalid benomyl Watermelon (various) YES thiram mefenoxam boscalid Dichondra YES thiram mefenoxam dimethylthio-carbamoyl disulphate Witlof Yes Iprodione tefluthrine
9 Comments on the range of chemicals used Seed for commercial farmers wider range of chemicals used. Seed for hobby / retail market thiram most common (almost the only chemical used currently)
10 Factors to consider in relation to labelling in the vegetable seed industry A reasonable phase in period is required to facilitate a wording change on packets. In the case of the hobby market there are large stocks of both empty and filled packets throughout the supply chain. Not enough space on retail packets for too much wording Any changes to labelling requirements could be implemented on new print runs and on new packing operations without much delay, however a phase in period of at least 5 years would be required for all stock throughout the supply chain to be changed. The number of chemicals currently used is relatively small considering the wide range of vegetables sold. Note that the professional vegetable seed market is more flexible than the retail /hobby market in terms of changes to packaging since packing runs are much shorter and stock levels are lower.
11 TRADING Local Export Crop OP F1 Total OP F1 Total Grand Total Asparagus 16,000 8,000 24,000-2,000 2,000 26,000 Bean green (garden) 33,931,501-33,931,501 7,398,942-7,398,942 41,330,443 Bedding Plants 2,300,000 8,616,000 10,916, ,916,000 Beet root 4,162,103 15,269,000 19,431,103 2,926, ,582 3,790,663 23,221,767 Broad bean 68,000-68,000 2,000-2,000 70,000 Broccoli (3,906,000) 17,015,501 13,109, , ,150 13,761,650 Brussels Sprout 173, , , ,528 Bunching onion 764, ,000 1,158, , ,927 1,432,326 Bunching onion (new cfc) Cabbage (various) 962,507 28,098,873 29,061,379 5,185,413 17,100,846 22,286,259 51,347,639 Carrot 4,208,744 82,478,000 86,686,744 5,750,187 3,705,655 9,455,842 96,142,586 Cauliflower 31,394 16,857,000 16,888, , , ,900 17,573,294 Celery (287,022) 838, ,978 68,000-68, ,978 Coriander 2,729, ,000 3,103, , ,000 3,574,000 Cucumber (field) 790,202 2,241,997 3,032,199 1,875, ,000 2,022,904 5,055,103 Cucumber (tunnel) 1,000 34,646,000 34,647, , ,710 35,627,710 Curly Kale / Borecole 338,126 49, , , , ,740 Cut Flowers 360,000 2,136,000 2,496, ,496,000 Eggplant / Brinjal 208,761 1,123,000 1,331, ,839 25, ,738 1,592,500 Flower (professional) Flowers (packets) 14,437,000-14,437,000 1,822,000-1,822,000 16,259,000 Grass (professional) 9,538,000-9,538,000 1,627,000-1,627,000 11,165,000 Kohlrabi 109,000 24, , ,000 Lawn (packets) 14,256,000-14,256,000 2,693,000-2,693,000 16,949,000 Leek 2,372, ,000 2,639,000 5,066,854-5,066,854 7,705,854 Lettuce (encrusted) 3,300,000-3,300, , ,000 4,002,000 Lettuce (naked) 1,497,126-1,497,126 1,534,009-1,534,009 3,031,135 Lettuce (pelleted) 49,568,000-49,568, , ,000 49,992,000 Onion (Intermediate) 6,070,948 22,379,000 28,449,948 4,630,077 3,553,870 8,183,948 36,633,896 Onion (Short day) 6,711,034 91,726,304 98,437,338 43,873,778 18,562,381 62,436, ,873,498 Other horticultural crops 1,861,000 2,573,000 4,434, ,000 9, ,000 4,581,000 Parsley 217, , ,000 5,000-5, ,000 Pea (garden) 5,667,231-5,667, , ,915 6,574,146 Pepper (hot) 1,185,325 4,631,791 5,817, ,599 1,195,274 1,306,873 7,123,988 Pepper (paprika) 967, , ,000 Pepper (sweet) 1,475,607 60,540,000 62,015,607 2,852,445 1,389,544 4,241,990 66,257,597 Pumpkin 1,155,738 18,716,999 19,872, ,836 6,101,766 6,467,602 26,340,339 Radish (garden) 337, , ,254 16,115-16, ,369 Rape 941, ,167 2,323,452 9,000 2,332,452 3,273,619 Spinach 463,052 5,540,585 6,003, ,865 65, ,543 6,244,179 Squash (Butternut) 7,552,158 56,008,000 63,560,158 1,568,335 3,414,854 4,983,188 68,543,346 Squash (Gem squash) 473,655 9,188,084 9,661,739 17, , ,173 9,995,912 Squash (Hubbard) 1,103,232 1,317,431 2,420, ,421,159 Squash (Zucchini & patty pan) 199,000 21,629,863 21,828,863 54,000 5,803,279 5,857,279 27,686,142 Sweet Corn 280,000 22,696,019 22,976, ,000 4,374,515 4,838,515 27,814,534 Sweet Melon 29,037 17,515,000 17,544,037 19, , ,949 17,888,986 Swiss Chard 6,974, ,000 7,228,425 2,150,660-2,150,660 9,379,085 Tomato (Determinate round) 4,223,828 11,815,397 16,039,224 2,082,968 4,128,758 6,211,726 22,250,950 Tomato (Determinate saladette) 177,269 12,835,877 13,013,146 1,915,642 5,806,039 7,721,681 20,734,827 Tomato (Indeterminate round) 84,000 53,696,000 53,780, ,000 4,265,792 4,419,792 58,199,792 Tomato (Indeterminate saladette) 14,000 12,042,000 12,056,000-4,372,994 4,372,994 16,428,994 Tomato (Novelty) 63,207 16,645,053 16,708,260 3,832 93,335 97,168 16,805,428 Tomato (Processing) 27,000 2,033,000 2,060,000 2,885, ,653 3,440,047 5,500,047 Veg & Herbs (packets) 51,559,094 3,396,693 54,955,787 19,101,405 1,361,402 20,462,807 75,418,594 Watermelon (various) 2,664,235 13,293,000 15,957,235 2,123,608 2,361,311 4,484,919 20,442,154 Total ,370, ,960, ,330, ,814,000 92,082, ,896,000 1,140,226,000
12 Wording used on packets for the hobby market & possible solutions Chemically treated. Do not use these seeds for food, feed or processing Seed may be chemically treated. Do not use seeds for food, feed or processing. Poison treated Thiram treated Suggestion : substitute the work chemically for the appropriate active ingredient such as Thiram Phase in over reasonable period of time. Consider no change to hobby market current wording has served us well with no incidents ever recorded. In the Netherlands they simply print not for consumption on retail packets. As a precautionary measure make sure registration is in place for an alternate chemical (such as mefenoxam) for use in the hobby market in case thiram cant be used in future.
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