Looking Inside Cells
Inner Life of a Cell http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=inside +cell+animation&form=hdrsc3#view=detail &mid=4ba834420ea307a061374ba834420ea 307A06137
Cell Defined Cells-Basic unit of structure and function in a living organism Being made of cells is one of the characteristics of life Cells are living Must have all 7 characteristics
Different Cell Parts Cell Wall/Cell Membrane Nucleus Chromatin Nucleolus Mitochondria Ribosome Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER) Golgi Bodies Vacuoles Lysosomes
Cell Wall/Cell Membrane Phospholipid Bilayer Contains pores and locking channels
Cell Membrane: Controls the Border Purpose: Border Control Controls what comes inside the cell and what leaves the cell Oxygen Proteins, Lipids Food Protection Keeps out harmful organisms
Endocytosis Releasing of material to large to exit by the membrane pores Exocytosis Bringing in material to large for the cell membrane pores
Exocytosis Vs. Endocytosis
Nucleus Contains DNA and RNA Constitution of the cell Protected by Nuclear Pores Only allow certain substances inside Contains: Nucleolus Chromatin
Nucleus: The Brain of the Cell Function: Contains and controls all activities inside the cell using DNA and RNA
Chromatin and Chromosomes Unpacked Information-Chromatin Held inside nucleus DNA and RNA are contained as chromatin Directions floating around common during most of cell cycle
Chromosome Packed Information-Chromatin Held inside nucleus DNA and RNA are contained as chromosomes Only during cell division Why pack up chromatin into chromosomes? During replication info can be evenly divided Shoe strings
Which should I cut in half?
From Chromatid to Chromosome DNA Histones Nucleosome Chromatin Fiber Chromatid Chromosome
Nucleolus Nucleolus Held inside nucleus Creates Ribosomes Needed for the production of proteins
Label Review
Mitochondria Looks like a kidney bean Has its own cell membrane Believed to have once been bacteria Function: Powerhouses of cell Produce ATP Cell Energy Common in active cells Muscles
Mitochondria Origins: Endosymbiosis
Ribosome Found in Rough ER and in cytoplasm Produced by Nucleolus Function: Factories of the cell- Produce proteins Proteins needed for cell instructions Proteins then moved to Golgi
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER) Smooth because of no ribosomes Produces and packages fats (Lipids)
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER) Rough because it contains ribosomes Function: Packaging and production of proteins
Golgi Apparatus UPS of the cell Receives proteins and packages in vesicles Transports these packages throughout the cell Endocytosis and exocytosis Packaging in vesicles
Lysosomes Garbage men of the cell Contain enzymes (Contained in membrane) Chemicals that break things down Recycle old cellular machinery Break down food particles
Digestion
Label Review
Plant Cells Are the same as animal cells except: Cell wall-outside of cell membrane Chloroplasts-instead of mitochondria Vacuoles
Cell Wall Rigid, nonliving, layer surrounding plant cells Cellulose We cannot digest cellulose Corn Cell Wall Very strong when combined with other cell walls Allows trees to stand straight and tall
Chloroplasts Solar Panels of the cell Capture sunlight and convert it to energy Gives plants their green color
Vacuoles Storage shed of the cell Large fluid filled sac Stores food and materials for cell
Bacterial Cells Smaller and Prokaryotic Don t have a nucleus Have ribosomes No organelles
Specialized Cells Different cells of an organism have different jobs. Cells specialize in multicellular organisms Heart cells- Blood cells- Muscle cells-lots of mitochondria