Recent Progress in Vacuum Photon Detectors at Hamamatsu

Transcription

1 Recent Progress in Vacuum Photon Detectors at Hamamatsu at LIGHT 2011 on Nov Hamamatsu Photonics Electron Tube Division Yuji Yoshizawa Electron Tube Division 1

2 Contents in this talk (1) R11780 / 12-inch PMT for Neutrino Experiment R / 1.5-inch PMT for Gamma-ray Telescope R11919 / 1.5-inch Fast PMT for HEP & Medical Instrument 2

3 Contents in this talk (2) 3-inch Metal Bulb PMTs for Dark Matter Experiment R11265 / New Metal Package PMT for HEP & Medical Instrument R10467U / Fast HPD for Microscope μ-pmt (micro PMT) for Biomedical 3

4 Comparison of Dimension between R11780 (12 ) ) and R7081 (10 ) 12-inch PMT has larger effective area ratio. Diff.=25 mm Diff.=33 mm Φ280 mm Mushroom Shape Φ220 mm Φ253 mm 10 inch R7081 Round Shape Φ305 mm 12 inch R11780 Higher Pressure-resistance resistance Comparison between R11780 & R7081 Effective Area: 1.62 Price: less than 1.5 Price per unit area is lower than R

5 Comparison of Characteristics Items Diameter Effective Area Effective Area Ratio Tube Length Dynodes GAIN T.T.S. (FWHM) P/V Ratio Dark Counts R inch PMT 305 mm 280 mm min. 84.3% 385 mm LF/10-stage 1.0E+07 at2000v 2.7 ns ,000 cps R inch PMT 253 mm 220 mm min. 74.6% 300 mm LF/10-stage 1.0E+07 at 1500V 2.9(3.4) ns 2.5(2.8) 7,000 cps 5

6 R11780 QE Improvement QE at 380 nm [%] Standard R11780 QE Transition High QE Trials Low QE was observed at the beginning of trial production. Improvement effort was made from Apr We called it High QE trials. As a result, QE becomes better R11780 is available. Serial Number 6

7 R / 1.5-inch PMT R CC window PMT Camera Gamma-ray Telescope PMT Camera (Magic) from CTA group Mirror 7

8 Comparison of AP/NOISE 1.0E E+05 AP/NOISE for R11920 & R9420 PMT Voltage AP/Noise R V 0.20 % R V % 1/15 Gain = 5E+04 SBA type Output Counts 1.0E E E E+01 AP/NOISE [%] = Count-A / Count-B x 100 Count-A : Output counts higher than 4 p.e. Count-B : Output counts higher than 1/3 p.e. (Count-B is adjusted to about 25k cps.) 8 1.0E B A Photoelectron [ p.e. ]

9 2. Optimaization of PMT Optimazation of Divider Ratio Window Curvature and K-DY1 voltage are important factor to determine the CE and TTS/Time Response of PMT/R Window Curvature of R20 was selected. Next is divider ratio. 1 2 Divider Ratio (DR) V V K-DY1 Voltage (V) Mark Simulation WL=400nm, 30 mm in dia. CE (%) TTS (ns) AP/NOISE Measurement Applied Voltage 300 A B C D E Monte Carlo Simulation Wavelength: 400 nm AP/NOISE : DR-1 is better. CE : B is better but A should be OK. (discussion is necessary) 9

10 R11919 / 1.5-inch FAST PMT Fast Time Response with Acceleration electrode for TOF-PET (next generation) and HEP experiments Transit Time Spread = around 270 ps (R9420 = 550 ps, R11194 = 400 ps) Gain = 1E+06 (Gain is adjustable by request) Cathode Blue Sensitivity = 11 (SBA type could be available in future) 10

11 Fast Time Response PMT Series R9779 (2 ) TTS: 250 ps Rise: 1.8 ns at 1500V Applications: TOF-PET and HEP Experiments 11 < Concept > Simple Structure For Low Cost and Mass Production R11919 (1.5 ) TTS: 270 ps Rise: 1.7 ns at 1500V R9800 (1 ) TTS: 270 ps Rise: 1.0 ns at 1300V All tubes are available.

12 3-inch Metal Bulb PMTs for Dark Matter Experiments 3-inch Metal Bulb PMT (R11065 / R11410) Kovar Metal 2 Phase Liq.Xe detector Kovar Metal and Quartz window are used to reduce RI as much as possible. Quartz Window with LT-Bialkali < Prime Features > LT-Bialkali for Low Temp. High QE, LOW RI (100mBq) R11065 for Liq.Ar (-186 ) R11410 for Liq.Xe (-110 ) 12

13 Difference of QE Curves Spectral R11065 response & R11410 is Spectral tuned depending Response Characteristics on its application. Quantum Efficiency [ % ] nm 420nm Characteristics Box & Line 12-stage Gain: 5E+06 at 1500V Rise Time: 5.5 ns R11065 R11065 for Catalog Liq.Ar (420nm) R11410 R11410 for Catalog Liq.Xe (175nm) Wavelength [ nm ] 13

14 Further Reduction of RI Ceramic Stem Kovar Leads Glass Stem Estimated RI 10~30 mbq/pmt R R11410 Estimated RI 70~100 mbq/pmt Kovar metal contains 60Co of about 2.4 mbq/pmt. Alternative metal can reduce it to 0.4 mbq/pmt. Both tubes are available. 14

15 Metal Package PMTs with MCD R9880 (TO-8) Metal Channel Dynodes Micro processing technology <Cross-section> R7600 (1 square) Prime Features Compact, Fast Time Response Position Sensitive Immunity to magnetic field Array of Linear Focused Dynode 1mm 1mm 15

16 R11265 / New Metal Package PMT Total Tubbe Length (mm) Effective Area (mm x mm) Collection Efficiency (%) * Rise Time (ns) Transit Time Spread (ns) Available Photocathode * CE values are based on our simulation data. R8900 R7600 R11265 New BA, SBA BA, SBA, UBA BA, SBA, UBA Focusing 34 mm Type Proximity Proximity 23 mm Type Type Single anode M16(4x4) R8900 R7600 R11265 M64(8x8) 16

17 R10467U / HPD with Fast Time Response R10467U (Bialkali : 6mm in dia.) R10467U (GaAsP : 3mm in dia.) R10467U-50 (GaAs : 3mm in dia.) R10467U-06 (Assembly Type) mm in diameter 32 mm in length

18 R10467U Time Response Rise = 400 ps Fall = 400 ps 1mm : 34 ps 3mm : 36 ps Full : 50 ps Jitter of Light Source and Readout are included Applications: Microscope, HEP, Biomedical 18

19 Dimensional Outline of μ-pmt The world s s tiniest, thinnest, and lightest PMT! Cathode 10mm 13mm Signal Amplification 2mm Anode Prototype 3 Layers Glass Silicon Glass 19

20 Summary Hamamatsu developed following products, which are available right now. 1) 12-inch PMT / R ) 1.5-inch PMT / R ) Fast 1.5-inch PMT / R ) 3-inch Metal Bulb PMT / R11410 & R ) New Metal Package PMT / R ) Fast HPD / R10467 series 7) The μ-pmt is still at developement stage. Its sample could be available next spring (2012). 20

21 Thank you for your attention!! 21

22 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Solid Sate Division Electron Tube Division Laser Group Systems Division Europe (Subsidiaries) China Subsidiary Southeast Asia JAPAN (Representatives) Research Laboratories USA (Subsidiaries) Established : Sept Net Sales : (FY 2011) Yen 100B ($1.25B / 900M) Employees : 4,000 (Group) (As of Sept.2011) 80/$ 110/ 22

23 Picture of ETD (bird s-eye view) PMT MCP Cafeteria Module General Image Sales, Module, Sensor X-ray General Lamp Scintillator SD PMT PMT