Possibilities of time resolved studies at FLASH

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1 Possibilities of time resolved studies at FLASH S. Düsterer

2 Outline Pump-probe at FLASH FEL + FEL Optical lasers + FEL THz + FEL The future

3 FEL + FEL split and delay

4 Autocorrelator / beam splitter Uni Münster, BESSY, PTB, DESY R. Mitzner, H. Zacharias et al. 2008

5 FEL + FEL R. Mitzner, H. Zacharias et al. A. Föhlisch, W. Wurth et al.

VUV split and delay at PG2 Potential Experiments X-ray x-ray pump probe Two x-ray pulse spectroscopy and scattering Key Parameters Temporal Range: +/- 6 ps delay Resolution: <1 fs scanning resolution

6 VUV split and delay at PG2 Potential Experiments X-ray x-ray pump probe Two x-ray pulse spectroscopy and scattering Key Parameters Temporal Range: +/- 6 ps delay Resolution: <1 fs scanning resolution Wavelength range: > 5nm Monochormatic or Zeroth order operation Implementation Permanently installed between the switching mirror unit and exit slit on the PG2 branchline Transparent operation: Split pulses recombine along the nominal optical path of the beamline. Poster Uni. Hamburg A. Föhlisch W. F. Schlotter F. Sorgenfrei M. Nagasono T. Beeck M. Beye S. Gieschen H. Meyer W. Wurth

7 Linear Autocorrelation Interference fringes form when the recombination of the two pulses on a detector screen is within the longitudinal coherence length. Unpublished data For more information contact A. Föhlisch W. F. Schlotter

8 Split and delay in the BL beamlines R. Mitzner, H. Zacharias et al R. Mitzner, H. Zacharias et al.

9 Optical lasers + FEL

10 Laser usage frequency of laser usage in % Jan 06 Jun 06 Sep 06 Nov 06 Jan 07 Mrz 07 Nov 07 Feb 08 Mrz 08 Jun 08 Aug 08 Okt 08 Dez 08 Feb 09 Apr 09 Flash usertime from Jan Apr 2009

Optical Pump-probe laser system Pulsetrain laser by MBI 20 µj/pulse, 120 fs, 800 nm Burst mode: 800 pulses@1mhz with

11 Optical Pump-probe laser system Pulsetrain laser by MBI 20 µj/pulse, 120 fs, 800 nm Burst mode: 800 with 5Hz RF- synchronized GHz) fs oscillator Commercial (Coherent Hidra) 10 Hz, < 25 mj, 110 fs, 800nm system Experiment

12 Laser hutch

13 Layout in the experimental hall BL3 BL2 BL1 PG2 PG1 visible laser light

14 Synchronization issues Drifts between optical laser and FEL ~1ps / h Streak camera + feedback on delayline Shot to shot jitter (5Hz) ~ 250 fs (rms) Single shot measurement of the relative timing: TEO Intrabunch drifts ~ few 100 fs Beam arrival-time monitor within bunchtrain

Optical laser + FEL structural dynamics Time resolved XUV imaging DR/ R 0 0.92 0.90 0.88 0.86 t1 > 200 ps, t 2 = 5.

15 Optical laser + FEL structural dynamics Time resolved XUV imaging DR/ R t1 > 200 ps, t 2 = 5.7 ps Photoelectron spectroscopy Reflectivity changes Plasma dynamics Molecular dissociation Molecular alignment Poster Xe-Sideband scan optical Laser: 800 nm, ~ 6 x10 14 Wcm -2 FEL : 13.7 nm 1.2 ps 1.6 ps Meyer, Düsterer et al (2007) Workshop interaction of FEL radiation with matter Oct 8-10, Photoelectron 2008 energy in ev Stefan Düsterer t / ps S. Techert et al (2008) K. Sokolowski - Tinten et al (2007) Unpublished data ps -0.8 ps -0.4 ps 0 ps 0.4 ps 0.8 ps Delay time TOF spectrum in a.u.

16 Poster THz + FEL

New THz beamline at FLASH 1) FLASH accelerator

First part of THz beamline, view upstream come and

17 New THz beamline at FLASH 1) FLASH accelerator tunnel THz THz e- THz THz THz beamline VUV Beamline THz undulator M. Gensch et. al., Infrared Phys. Technol. 51 (2008), First part of THz beamline, view upstream come and see also poster 39, THz beamline at FLASH: towards a pump probe user facility

2) FLASH experimental hall New THz beamline at FLASH Parameters of THz pulses: naturally synchronized to VUV pulse pulse energy: μj -regime spectral range tunable from 10 to 200 μm pulse duration 0.

18 2) FLASH experimental hall New THz beamline at FLASH Parameters of THz pulses: naturally synchronized to VUV pulse pulse energy: μj -regime spectral range tunable from 10 to 200 μm pulse duration 0.3 to 6 ps linearly polarized tune to 2 THz M. Gensch et. al., Infrared Phys. Technol. 51 (2008), , M. Gensch et. al., in preparation come and see also poster 39, THz beamline at FLASH: towards a pump probe user facility

19 Experimental Setup gastarget IR-beam Experimental Setup XUV-beam Courtesy: M. Drescher, U. Frühling, Uni HH TOF spectrometer parabolic mirror multilayer mirror f = 2m

20 FLASH temporal profile SASE-principle erratic multi-spike pulses simulated FLASH pulses λ=13,7nm P [GW] t [fs] W. Ackermann et al. Nature Photonics 1, (2007)

21 The future of Pump-probe probe

22 Seeding: simulation results SASE Courtesy V. Miltchev, Uni. Hamburg

5m Undulator 3.0m Chicane 2.1m Mod. 2.3m Quad 7.

23 Overview of the sflash installation Photon Diagnostics Separation ORS II Undulators Diagnostics ORS I 20 Collimator m 3.8m 12.5m Undulator 3.0m Chicane 2.1m Mod. 2.3m Quad 7.5m Optics Laser beam transfer ~40m HHG source Experiment Laser building 28g Courtesy H. Schlarb, DESY

24 The future few cycle burst mode laser Next generation burst mode laser HHG-Seed laser Pump-probe Laser ( also for XFEL) Pulse energy > 1 mj Rep rate: MHz Wavelength 800 nm Pulse duration < 7 fs By F. Tavella

25 FLASH II HGHG/HHG/SASE Courtesy B. Faatz, H. Schlarb, DESY

26 Summary Wide variety of possibilities for pump probe FEL + FEL (incl. harmonics) Optical laser + FEL THz + FEL Synchronization is an issue SASE pulse structure complicates defined highresolution experiments Way out: seeding

27 Thanks To the FEL team and the users

28 Questions?

Status and strategies for seeding at FLASH.

Status and strategies for seeding at FLASH. Jörn Bödewadt DESY Photon Science User Meeting FLASH2 Photon Beamline workshop 28.01.2014 Supported by BMBF under contract 05K13GU4 and 05K13PE3 DFG GrK 1355