Expression of Adhesion Molecules and CD28 on T Lymphocytes during Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
|
|
- Justina Powell
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY, July 1998, p Vol. 5, No X/98/$ Copyright 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Expression of Adhesion Molecules and CD28 on T Lymphocytes during Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection SUK W. PARK, 1 WALTER ROYAL III, 1 RICHARD D. SEMBA, 2 * GORDON W. WIEGAND, 3 AND DIANE E. GRIFFIN 1,4 Departments of Neurology, 1 Ophthalmology, 2 and Medicine, 3 School of Medicine, and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, 4 School of Hygiene and Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland Received 7 April 1997/Returned for modification 6 February 1998/Accepted 3 April 1998 Adhesion molecules, which play a major role in lymphocyte circulation, have not been well characterized in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. T-lymphocyte populations, including CD3, CD4, CD28, and adhesion molecules (L selectin, LFA-1, VLA-4, and ICAM-1) were measured by flow cytometry in a crosssectional study of 100 HIV-infected and 49 HIV-seronegative adults. HIV-infected adults had lower numbers of CD3 lymphocytes expressing L selectin (P < ) and VLA-4 (P < 0.01) and higher numbers of CD3 lymphocytes expressing LFA-1 bright (P < 0.002) than did HIV-negative adults. By CD4 -lymphocyte count category (>500, 200 to 500, or <200 cells/ l), HIV-infected adults with more advanced disease had lower percentages of CD3 lymphocytes expressing L selectin and VLA-4 and higher percentages of CD3 lymphocytes expressing LFA-1. The percentages of CD3 CD28 lymphocytes and of CD3 L selectin lymphocytes were positively correlated (Spearman coefficient 0.86; P < ), and the percentage of CD3 CD28 lymphocytes and the CD3 LFA-1 bright lymphocyte/cd3 LFA-1 dim lymphocyte ratio were negatively correlated (Spearman coefficient 0.92; P < ). The results of this study suggest that HIV infection is associated with altered expression of adhesion molecules. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by progressive loss of CD4 lymphocytes, increase in CD8 lymphocytes, and major functional abnormalities in lymphocyte function (7). Prior to the development of AIDS there is homeostasis of CD3 lymphocytes, in which CD8 lymphocytes increase in number to compensate for the loss of CD4 lymphocytes (16). The later progression of HIV disease is associated with major changes in T-lymphocyte populations, including loss of CD28 surface antigen from both CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes (3, 5). Lymphocyte adhesion molecules include the selectin, integrin, and immunoglobulin gene superfamilies (13, 22). L selectin (CD62L), which plays a major role in lymphocyte recirculation to peripheral lymph nodes, is normally expressed on approximately 70 to 80% of T lymphocytes (23). Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), an integrin which is expressed on virtually all peripheral blood leukocytes, including T lymphocytes, is involved in lymphocyte-endothelial cell adhesion (13). The ligands for LFA-1 are two members of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, intercellular adhesion molecules 1 (ICAM-1) and -2 (ICAM-2). Very late antigen 4 (VLA-4) is expressed on T cells and is involved in lymphocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. The expression of these adhesion molecules during HIV infection is not well understood. We conducted a clinic-based, cross-sectional study of major T- lymphocyte populations and adhesion molecules in HIV-infected adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population consisted of a consecutive sample of HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative adults seen in the outpatient clinics at the Johns Hopkins * Corresponding author. Mailing address: Ocular Immunology Service, Suite 700, 550 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD Phone: (410) Fax: (410) rdsemba@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu. Hospital, Baltimore, Md. The study design was cross-sectional. After written informed consent was obtained, blood samples were collected by venipuncture. All lymphocyte populations were studied from a single blood sample drawn from each subject. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were separated from heparinized blood with Ficoll-Hypaque (Pharmacia, Piscataway, N.J.), washed in Hanks buffered salt solution, and resuspended in phosphate-buffered saline with 1% fetal bovine serum and 0.1% sodium azide (assay buffer). Conjugated monoclonal antibodies to human CD3, CD4, CD14, CD28, CD45, L selectin (Becton Dickinson Immunocytometry Systems, San Jose, Calif.), LFA-1, ICAM-1 (AMAC, Westbrook, Maine), and VLA-4 (Endogen, Boston, Mass.) were used in two-color (fluorescein isothiocyanate and phycoerythrin) analyses. PBMC were prepared according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines for leukocyte immunophenotyping in HIV infection (4). One million PBMC were placed in 1.5-ml microcentrifuge tubes, pelleted, and resuspended in 50 l of assay buffer. The PBMC were stained with combinations of monoclonal antibodies for 20 min at 4 C. All samples were kept at 4 C and in 1% sodium azide throughout the staining process to minimize the likelihood of cell activation. The PBMC were washed twice with 1 ml of assay buffer, fixed with 1% paraformaldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline, and analyzed by direct twocolor immunofluorescence. Isotype-matched monoclonal antibodies from the same commercial suppliers served as controls for fluorescence marker settings and identification of nonspecific staining. Flow cytometry was performed by using two-color (FACStar Plus; Becton Dickinson) analysis. Fluorescent microbeads (Simply Cellular and Quantum Simply Cellular beads; Flow Cytometry Standards Corporation, Research Triangle Park, N.C.) were used to calibrate the flow cytometer daily and to control for reproducibility of the assay. For each sample, 20,000 ungated events were collected. The lymphocyte population was selected by backgating for CD45 bright CD14 cells from the profile of the sample stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate anti-cd45 phycoerythrin anti-cd14 such that 95% of the forward-scatter versus side-scatter lymphocyte gate was CD45 bright and CD14. Thus, 95% of the lymphocyte gate contained lymphocytes. Quadrant analysis cursors were set from each individual and adjusted from the isotype control sample so that 98% of the gated cells were double negative. Dot plots, histograms, and raw statistical information were generated from this gated lymphocyte population for each analyzed sample. Any shift in population and the presence or absence of dim cells versus bright cells were noted. The raw subset percentage value was divided by the CD45 bright CD14 -lymphocyte percentage to correct for nonlymphocyte events in the lymphocyte gate. The CD4 -lymphocyte count was calculated by multiplying the absolute lymphocyte count by the corrected CD4 -lymphocyte percentage from flow cytometric analysis. The absolute lymphocyte count was measured by an automated cell counter (Coulter Diagnostics, Hialeah, Fla.) in the clinical laboratory of Johns Hopkins Hospital. In subjects with large unclassified cells, the lymphocyte count was adjusted after a manual count of a blood 583
2 584 PARK ET AL. CLIN. DIAGN. LAB. IMMUNOL. TABLE 1. Expression of adhesion molecules on CD3 lymphocytes CD3 lymphocytes expressing marker [median (25th-75th percentile)] Marker HIV-seronegative adults HIV-seropositive adults n a No. (cells/ l) P value % P value n a No. (cells/ l) P value % P value L selectin high 49 1,242 (1,104-1,412) ( ) ( ) ( ) L selectin low 246 ( ) ( ) VLA ,501 (1,371-1,659) ( ) (620-1,130) ( ) VLA-4 22 (16-33) (51-88) LFA-1 bright ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) LFA-1 dim 1,097 (891-1,283) ( ) ICAM ( ) NS b 38.3 ( ) ( ) NS 48.7 ( ) 0.05 ICAM ( ) ( ) a n, number (n) of patients. b NS, not significant. smear. Large unclassified cells were included in the calculation of total lymphocytes. Comparisons of nonparametric data were made between HIV-seronegative and HIV-seropositive individuals by the Mann-Whitney U test. Within the HIVseropositive group, individuals were divided into strata based upon the number of CD4 lymphocytes ( 500, 200 to 500, and 200 cells/ l). Lymphocyte populations were compared within these three groups by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Analysis of variance was used to examine differences between groups, adjusted by age and sex. The level of statistical significance used in this study was a P value of Median and interquartile ranges were used to describe lymphocyte population distributions, since the distributions were asymmetric for most populations. RESULTS Expression of adhesion molecules on CD3 lymphocytes. The percentages and absolute counts of CD3 lymphocytes expressing L selectin, VLA-4, LFA-1, and ICAM-1 are shown in Table 1. HIV-seropositive individuals had significantly lower percentages and absolute counts of CD3 lymphocytes expressing L selectin and VLA-4 than did HIV-seronegative individuals. The percentages of CD3 lymphocytes expressing LFA-1 bright and ICAM-1 were significantly higher in HIVseropositive individuals. There was no significant difference in the absolute numbers of CD3 lymphocytes expressing ICAM-1 between HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative individuals; however, HIV-seronegative individuals had significantly higher absolute numbers of CD3 ICAM-1 lymphocytes than did HIV-seropositive individuals. Representative immunofluorescence histograms of adhesion molecules on CD3 lymphocytes are shown in Fig. 1. The expression of adhesion molecules on CD3 lymphocytes was examined according to the CD4 -lymphocyte count ( 500, 200 to 500, or 200 cells/ l) among HIV-seropositive individuals (Fig. 2). Lower proportions of CD3 lymphocytes expressing L selectin were found in HIV-seropositive individuals with lower CD4 lymphocyte counts. The proportion of CD3 lymphocytes expressing VLA-4 tended to decrease slightly among HIV-seropositive individuals with lower CD4 counts. With decreasing CD4 -lymphocyte counts among HIV-seropositive adults, the proportions of CD3 lymphocytes expressing LFA-1 increased. Expression of CD28 on T-lymphocyte subsets. The percentages and absolute counts of CD3, CD4, and CD8 lymphocytes expressing CD28 are shown in Table 2. HIVseropositive individuals had significantly lower absolute counts and percentages of CD3, CD4, and CD8 lymphocytes expressing CD28 than did HIV-seronegative individuals. Expression of CD28 on CD3, CD4, and CD8 lymphocytes was examined according to the CD4 -lymphocyte count ( 500, 200 to 500, or 200 cells/ l) among HIV-seropositive individuals (Fig. 3). Lower proportions of CD3 lymphocytes expressing CD28 were found in HIV-seropositive individuals FIG. 1. Representative immunofluorescence histograms of adhesion molecules and CD3 expression on lymphocytes from HIV-seronegative and HIVseropositive individuals. Quadrant settings for the four regions were established such that 2% of positive events in the isotype control sample fell in any positive region.
3 VOL. 5, 1998 ADHESION MOLECULES AND HIV INFECTION 585 FIG. 2. Expression of L selectin, VLA-4, and LFA-1 on CD3 lymphocytes by HIV status and CD4 -lymphocyte count category. SN, seronegative; HIV SP, HIV seropositive. The bars represent the medians (horizontal) and the 25th and 75th percentiles (vertical). with lower CD4 lymphocyte counts. The proportions of CD4 lymphocytes expressing CD28 were similar among HIV-seropositive individuals with CD4 counts of 500 and 200 to 500 cells/ l but were lower among those with CD4 lymphocyte counts of 200 cells/ l. There was no clear trend for the proportion of CD8 lymphocytes expressing CD28 by CD4 lymphocyte count. The percentages of CD3 CD28 lymphocytes and CD3 L selectin lymphocytes were positively correlated (Spearman coefficient 0.86; P ), as shown in Fig. 4a. The percentage of CD3 CD28 lymphocytes and the CD3 LFA- 1 bright lymphocyte/cd3 LFA-1 dim lymphocyte ratio were negatively correlated (Spearman coefficient 0.92; P ), as shown in Fig. 4b. DISCUSSION The results of this study suggest that the expression of L selectin and VLA-4 is decreased and the expression of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 is increased on CD3 lymphocytes during HIV infection. A limitation of the current study is that the use of two-color analysis makes the findings regarding the expression of molecular and activation markers more inferential than if three-color analysis were used. Large unclassified cells were included in the total lymphocyte count. In HIV-infected children, these cells can make up a large proportion of lymphocytes and skew the phenotypic analysis. However, most of the HIV-infected adults did not have a large proportion of large unclassified cells. The decreased expression of L selectin in both CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes has been described in HIV-infected adults (1, 9). In HIV-infected children, a slight decrease in CD4 CD45RA lymphocytes expressing L selectin has been described (18, 19), and CD8 lymphocytes expressing both L TABLE 2. Expression of CD28 on T lymphocyte subsets FIG. 3. Expression of CD28 on CD3 -, CD4 -, and CD8 -lymphocyte subsets by HIV status and CD4 -lymphocyte count category. SN, seronegative; HIV SP, HIV seropositive. The bars represent the medians (horizontal) and the 25th and 75th percentiles (vertical). selectin and CD45RA are markedly decreased (20). CD8 L selectin lymphocyte counts are elevated in HIV-infected adults and predict progression to AIDS (10). The decreased expression of L selectin on CD3 lymphocytes suggests that leukocyte rolling along the vascular endothelium and lymphocyte circulation may be impaired during HIV infection. In this study, HIV-infected individuals had significantly lower percentages and absolute counts of CD3 lymphocytes expressing VLA-4 than did HIV-seronegative individuals, and advanced HIV infection was associated with a small decrease in CD3 VLA-4 lymphocytes. VLA-4 mediates T-cell adhesion to the vascular endothelium via two ligands, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and fibronectin (CS-1 sequence), and VLA-4 also plays a role in T-cell costimulation (21). Relatively little is known about VLA-4 on T lymphocytes during HIV infection. The percentages of CD3 lymphocytes expressing ICAM-1 were higher in HIV-infected individuals than in HIV-seronegative individuals in the present study, although the absolute numbers in the two groups were not significantly different. One limitation of the present study was the small sample size of those individuals in which ICAM-1 was measured. ICAM-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily and appears to play a major role in monocyte-lymphocyte communication (15) as well as in the binding of lymphocytes to the vascular endothelium. No differences were noted in the expression of ICAM-1 on monocytes between HIV-infected and HIV-seronegative individuals (15). Our finding of increased expression of LFA-1 on CD3 lymphocytes in advanced HIV disease corroborates the findings of previous studies in which LFA-1 expression was upregulated in individuals with more advanced HIV disease (17, 24). Increased LFA-1 expression may facilitate extravasation Cells expressing CD28 [median (25th-75th percentile)] Subset HIV-seronegative adults HIV-seropositive adults n a No. (cells/ l) P value % P value n a No. (cells/ l) P value % P value CD3 CD ,228 (1,074-1,348) ( ) ( ) ( ) CD3 CD ( ) ( ) CD4 CD (723-1,015) ( ) (17-364) ( ) CD4 CD28 88 (46-183) (13-53) CD8 CD ( ) ( ) (91-300) ( ) CD8 CD ( ) ( ) a n, number (n) of patients.
4 586 PARK ET AL. CLIN. DIAGN. LAB. IMMUNOL. express L selectin. The present study showed a negative correlation between the percentages of CD3 CD28 lymphocytes and CD3 LFA-1 bright /CD3 LFA-1 dim lymphocyte ratio, suggesting that CD3 CD28 lymphocytes do not express LFA-1. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NS26643, AI76234, RR00722, HD30042). We acknowledge the assistance of Marcia Hornsberger, Tish Nance- Sproson, Deneen Esposito, Brian Yost, and Julie Grim in the collection of samples and patient information and thank Joseph Margolick for critical comments. FIG. 4. (a) Percentage of CD3 CD28 lymphocytes expressing L selectin (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.86; P ). (b) Percentage of CD3 CD28 lymphocytes versus LFA-1 bright /LFA-1 dim ratio (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.92; P ). of CD3 through the vascular endothelium into tissues during HIV infection. LFA-1 expression is also increased in monocytes during HIV infection (15), and in vitro studies show that there is a twofold increase in LFA-1 expression on HIV-infected monocytes (6). LFA-1 is incorporated into retroviruses from host cells. Increased expression of LFA-1 by CD3 lymphocytes could also contribute to more efficient virus infection by providing an additional ligand-receptor interaction between cell and virus. Recently it has been demonstrated that monoclonal antibodies to LFA-1 increase plasma neutralization of HIV (11). The present study corroborates the finding that advanced HIV infection is associated with loss of both CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes expressing the CD28 receptor (3, 5). HIV infection of CD4 lymphocytes appears to down-regulate the expression of CD28 (12). The CD28 molecule on CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes interacts with the B7 molecule on antigen-presenting cells to generate signals for the production of interleukin 2 and cell proliferation, and interleukin 2 production appears to be limited to CD8 CD28 lymphocytes (2). CD8 CD28 lymphocytes appear to play a role in noncytotoxic activity that inhibits HIV replication (14), while CD8 CD28 lymphocytes have HIV-specific cytotoxic activity (8, 25). There was a high correlation between the percentages of CD3 L selectin and CD3 CD28 lymphocytes in the present study, suggesting that CD3 CD28 lymphocytes probably do not REFERENCES 1. Bass, H. Z., P. Nishanian, W. D. Hardy, R. T. Mitsuyasu, E. Esmail, W. Cumberland, and J. L. Fahey Immune changes in HIV-1 infection: significant correlations and differences in serum markers and lymphoid phenotypic antigens. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 64: Brinchmann, J. E., J. H. Dobloug, B. H. Heger, L. L. Haaheim, M. Sannes, and T. Egeland Expression of costimulatory molecule CD28 on T cells in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: functional and clinical correlations. J. Infect. Dis. 169: Caruso, A., A. Cantalamessa, S. Licenziati, L. Peroni, E. Prati, F. Martinelli, A. D. Canaris, S. Folghera, R. Gorla, A. Balsari, et al Expression of CD28 on CD8 and CD4 lymphocytes during HIV infection. Scand. J. Immunol. 40: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guidelines for the performance of CD4 T-cell determinations in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Morbid. Mortal. Weekly Rep. 41(RR-8): Choremi-Papadopoulou, H., V. Viglis, P. Gargalianos, T. Kordossis, A. Iniotaki-Theodoraki, and J. Kosmidis Downregulation of CD28 surface antigen on CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes during HIV-1 infection. J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 7: Dhawan, S., B. S. Weeks, C. Soderland, H. W. Schnaper, L. A. Toro, S. P. Asthana, I. K. Hewlett, W. G. Stetler-Stevenson, S. S. Yamada, K. M. Yamada, and M. S. Meltzer HIV-1 infection alters monocyte interactions with human microvascular endothelial cells. J. Immunol. 154: Feinberg, M. B Changing the natural history of HIV disease. Lancet 348: Fiorentino, S., M. Dalod, D. Olive, J. G. Guillet, and E. Gomard Predominant involvement of CD8 CD28 lymphocytes in human immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxic activity. J. Virol. 70: Giorgi, J. V., and R. Detels T-cell subset alterations in HIV-infected homosexual men: NIAID Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 52: Giorgi, J. V., Z. Liu, L. E. Hultin, W. G. Cumberland, K. Hennessey, and R. Detels Elevated levels of CD38 CD8 T cells in HIV infection add to the prognostic value of low CD4 T cell levels: results of 6 years of follow-up. The Los Angeles Center, Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 6: Gomez, M. B., and J. E. Hildreth Antibody to adhesion molecule LFA-1 enhances plasma neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J. Virol. 69: Haffar, O. K., M. D. Smithgall, J. G. Wong, J. Bradshaw, and P. S. Linsley Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of CD4 T cells downregulates the expression of CD28: effect on T cell activation and cytokine production. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 77: Hynes, R. O Integrins: versatility, modulation, and signalling in cell adhesion. Cell 69: Landay, A. L., C. E. Mackewiez, and J. A. Lévy An activated CD8 T cell phenotype correlates with anti-hiv activity and asymptomatic clinical status. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 69: Locher, C., G. Vanham, L. Kestens, M. Kruger, J. L. Ceuppens, J. Vingerhoets, and P. Gigase Expression patterns of Fc receptors, HLA-DR and selected adhesion molecules on monocytes from normal and HIVinfected individuals. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 98: Margolick, J. B., A. Muñoz, A. D. Donnenberg, L. P. Park, N. Galai, J. V. Giorgi, M. R. O Gorman, J. Ferbas Failure of T-cell homeostasis preceding AIDS in HIV-1 infection. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Nat. Med. 1: Ng, T. T., C. Guntermann, K. E. Nye, J. M. Parkin, J. Anderson, J. E. Norman, and W. J. Morrow Adhesion co-receptor expression and intracellular signalling in HIV disease: implications for immunotherapy. AIDS 9: Plaeger-Marshall, S., P. Hultin, J. Bertolli, S. O Rourke, R. Kobayashi, A. L. Kobayashi, J. V. Giorgi, Y. Bryson, and E. R. Stiehm Activation and
5 VOL. 5, 1998 ADHESION MOLECULES AND HIV INFECTION 587 differentiation antigens on T cells of healthy, at-risk, and HIV-infected children. J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 6: Plaeger-Marshall, S., V. Isacescu, S. O Rourke, J. Bertolli, Y. J. Bryson, and E. R. Stiehm T cell activation in pediatric AIDS pathogenesis: threecolor immunophenotyping. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 71: Rabin, R. L., M. Roederer, Y. Maldonado, A. Petru, L. A. Herzenberg, and L. A. Herzenberg Altered representation of naive and memory CD8 T cell subsets in HIV-infected children. J. Clin. Invest. 95: Sato, T., K. Tachibana, Y. Nojima, N. D Avirro, and C. Morimoto Role of the VLA-4 molecule in T cell costimulation. Identification of the tyrosine phosphorylation pattern induced by the ligation of VLA-4. J. Immunol. 155: Springer, T. A Adhesion receptors of the immune system. Nature 346: Tedder, T. F., D. A. Steeber, A. Chen, and P. Engel The selectins: vascular adhesion molecules. FASEB J. 9: Vermot Desroches, C., and D. Rigal Leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cell subsets in HIV-1 seropositive patients. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 56: Vingerhoets, J. H., G. L. Vanham, L. L. Kestens, G. G. Penne, R. L. Colebunders, M. J. Vandenbruaene, J. Goeman, P. L. Gigase, M. De Boer, and J. L. Ceuppens Increased cytolytic T lymphocyte activity and decreased B7 responsiveness are associated with CD28 down-regulation on CD8 T cells from HIV-infected subjects. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 100:
Evaluation of a Method for Counting Absolute Numbers of Cells with a Flow Cytometer
CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY, May 1997, p. 309 313 Vol. 4, No. 3 1071-412X/97/$04.00 0 Copyright 1997, American Society for Microbiology Evaluation of a Method for Counting Absolute Numbers
More informationEstablishing a Pure Lymphocyte Gate for Subset Analysis by Flow Cytometry
Cytornetry (Communications in Clinical Cytometry) 26:172-177 (1996) Establishing a Pure Lymphocyte Gate for Subset nalysis by Flow Cytometry Joseph M. Homtinovich, Sara D. Sparks, and Karen P. Mann Clinical
More informationEvaluation of a Single-Platform Technology for Lymphocyte Immunophenotyping
CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY, Oct. 2007, p. 1342 1348 Vol. 14, No. 10 1556-6811/07/$08.00 0 doi:10.1128/cvi.00168-07 Copyright 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Evaluation
More informationViability and Recovery of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Cryopreserved for up to 12 Years in a Multicenter Study
CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY, Jan. 1999, p. 14 19 Vol. 6, No. 1 1071-412X/99/$04.00 0 Copyright 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Viability and Recovery of
More informationSlow Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infectivity Correlated with Low HIV Coreceptor Levels
CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY, Sept. 2001, p. 932 936 Vol. 8, No. 5 1071-412X/01/$04.00 0 DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.8.5.932 936.2001 Copyright 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights
More informationEvaluation of expression patterns of feline CD28 and CTLA-4 in feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected and FIV antigen-induced PBMC
J. Vet. Sci. (2000),1(2), 97 103-2851$/# 2) 9HWHULQDU\# 6FLHQFH Evaluation of expression patterns of feline CD28 and CTLA-4 in feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected and FIV antigen-induced PBMC
More informationCHAPTER 3 LABORATORY PROCEDURES
CHAPTER 3 LABORATORY PROCEDURES CHAPTER 3 LABORATORY PROCEDURES 3.1 HLA TYPING Molecular HLA typing will be performed for all donor cord blood units and patients in the three reference laboratories identified
More informationHD1 (FLU) HD2 (EBV) HD2 (FLU)
ramer staining + anti-pe beads ramer staining a HD1 (FLU) HD2 (EBV) HD2 (FLU).73.11.56.46.24 1.12 b CD127 + c CD127 + d CD127 - e CD127 - PD1 - PD1 + PD1 + PD1-1 1 1 1 %CD127 + PD1-8 6 4 2 + anti-pe %CD127
More informationRapid Flow Cytometry Method for Quantitation of LFA-1-Adhesive T Cells
CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY, Mar. 2006, p. 403 408 Vol. 13, No. 3 1556-6811/06/$08.00 0 doi:10.1128/cvi.13.3.403 408.2006 Rapid Flow Cytometry Method for Quantitation of LFA-1-Adhesive T Cells Brian
More informationCLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY, May 2000, p Vol. 7, No. 3
CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY, May 2000, p. 344 351 Vol. 7, No. 3 1071-412X/00/$04.00 0 Copyright 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Multisite Comparison of CD4
More informationEvaluation of Monoclonal Antibody Reagents from Three Different Manufacturers Using Flow Cytometric Two-Color Immunophenotyping
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ALLERGYAND IMMUNOLOGY (1998) 16: 185-192 Evaluation of Monoclonal Antibody Reagents from Three Different Manufacturers Using Flow Cytometric Two-Color Immunophenotyping 1 2 2 1
More informationTest Bank for Basic Immunology Functions and Disorders of the Immune System 4th Edition by Abbas
Test Bank for Basic Immunology Functions and Disorders of the Immune System 4th Edition by Abbas Chapter 04: Antigen Recognition in the Adaptive Immune System Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Most T lymphocytes
More informationChapter 3, Part A (Pages 37-45): Leukocyte Migration into Tissues
Allergy and Immunology Review Corner: Chapter 3, Part A (pages 37-45) of Cellular and Molecular Immunology (Seventh Edition), by Abul K. Abbas, Andrew H. Lichtman and Shiv Pillai. Chapter 3, Part A (Pages
More informationHuman Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells Inhibit Cytomegalovirus Inflammation through Interleukin-27 and B7-H4
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells Inhibit Cytomegalovirus Inflammation through Interleukin-27 and B7-H4 Ankita Garg, Rodney Trout and Stephen A. Spector,,* Department
More informationDifference in Cytokine Production and Cell Activation between Adenoidal Lymphocytes and Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Children with Otitis Media
CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY, Sept. 2005, p. 1130 1134 Vol. 12, No. 9 1071-412X/05/$08.00 0 doi:10.1128/cdli.12.9.1130 1134.2005 Copyright 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All
More informationSupplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Identification of IFN-γ-producing CD8 + and CD4 + T cells with naive phenotype by alternative gating and sample-processing strategies. a. Contour 5% probability plots show definition
More informationNaive, memory and regulatory T lymphocytes populations analysis
Naive, memory and regulatory T lymphocytes populations analysis Jaen Olivier, PhD ojaen@beckmancoulter.com Cellular Analysis application specialist Beckman Coulter France Introduction Flow cytometric analysis
More informationFlow Cytometric Analysis of T -Lym phocytes Subsets in Adult Thais
j ASAN PACFC JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND MMUNOLOGY (1997): 15: 141-146 Flow Cytometric Analysis of T -Lym phocytes Subsets in Adult Thais Vicham Vithayasai, Thira Sirisanthana 1, Choompone Sakonwasun and Chontavat
More informationCD8 Naive T Cell Counts Decrease Progressively in HIV-infected Adults
CD8 Naive T Cell Counts Decrease Progressively in HIV-infected Adults Mario Roederer, J. Gregson Dubs, Michael T. Anderson, Paul A. Raju, Leonore A. Herzenberg, and Leonard A. Herzenberg Department of
More informationLow immune activation despite high levels of pathogenic HIV-1 results in long-term asymptomatic disease
Low immune activation despite high levels of pathogenic HIV-1 results in long-term asymptomatic disease Shailesh K. Choudhary 1 *, Nienke Vrisekoop 2 *, Christine A. Jansen 2, Sigrid A. Otto 2, Hanneke
More informationImmune response to infection
Immune response to infection Dr. Sandra Nitsche (Sandra.Nitsche@rub.de ) 20.06.2018 1 Course of acute infection Typical acute infection that is cleared by an adaptive immune reaction 1. invasion of pathogen
More informationTechnical Resources. BD Immunocytometry Systems. FastImmune Intracellular Cytokine Staining Procedures
FastImmune Intracellular Cytokine Staining Procedures BD has developed protocols for the detection of intracellular cytokines in activated lymphocytes and in activated monocytes. The procedures have been
More informationDecline of CD3-positive T-cell counts by 6 months of age is associated with rapid disease progression in HIV-1 infected infants
Decline of CD3-positive T-cell counts by 6 months of age is associated with rapid disease progression in HIV-1 infected infants Javier Chinen, Baylor College of Medicine Kirk Easley, Emory University Herman
More informationOriginal Article Time and temperature stability of T-cell subsets evaluated by a dual-platform method
Am J Blood Res 2012;2(2):128-135 www.ajblood.us /ISSN: 2160-1992/AJBR1204003 Original Article Time and temperature stability of T-cell subsets evaluated by a dual-platform method Horatiu Olteanu 1, Bernard
More informationGladstone Institutes, University of California (UCSF), San Francisco, USA
Fluorescence-linked Antigen Quantification (FLAQ) Assay for Fast Quantification of HIV-1 p24 Gag Marianne Gesner, Mekhala Maiti, Robert Grant and Marielle Cavrois * Gladstone Institutes, University of
More informationAdaptive Immunity. Jeffrey K. Actor, Ph.D. MSB 2.214,
Adaptive Immunity Jeffrey K. Actor, Ph.D. MSB 2.214, 500-5344 Lecture Objectives: Understand role of various molecules including cytokines, chemokines, costimulatory and adhesion molecules in the development
More informationDiscordant CD38 measurement of CD8+ T lymphocytes using fluorescein conjugates in comparison with phycoerythrin conjugates
Original article Discordant CD38 measurement of CD8+ T lymphocytes using fluorescein conjugates in comparison with phycoerythrin conjugates Nattawat Onlamoon 1, Sutchana Tabprasit 2, Kasama Sukapirom 1,
More informationActivation and Cell Cycle Antigens in CD4 and CD8 T Cells Correlate with Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) RNA Level in HIV-1 Infection
1279 Activation and Cell Cycle Antigens in CD4 and CD8 T Cells Correlate with Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) RNA Level in HIV-1 Infection Jurgen M. Orendi, 1 Andries C. Bloem, Jan C. C. Borleffs,
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Characterization of basophils after reconstitution of SCID mice
Supplementary figure legends Supplementary Figure 1. Characterization of after reconstitution of SCID mice with CD4 + CD62L + T cells. (A-C) SCID mice (n = 6 / group) were reconstituted with 2 x 1 6 CD4
More informationMATERIALS AND METHODS. Neutralizing antibodies specific to mouse Dll1, Dll4, J1 and J2 were prepared as described. 1,2 All
MATERIALS AND METHODS Antibodies (Abs), flow cytometry analysis and cell lines Neutralizing antibodies specific to mouse Dll1, Dll4, J1 and J2 were prepared as described. 1,2 All other antibodies used
More informationWhat to Measure, How to Measure It
Dale and Betty Bumpers Vaccine Research Center National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Monitoring Memory T-cells: What to Measure, How to Measure It Pratip K.
More informationT Lymphocyte Activation and Costimulation. FOCiS. Lecture outline
1 T Lymphocyte Activation and Costimulation Abul K. Abbas, MD UCSF FOCiS 2 Lecture outline T cell activation Costimulation, the B7:CD28 family Inhibitory receptors of T cells Targeting costimulators for
More informationThe recruitment of leukocytes and plasma proteins from the blood to sites of infection and tissue injury is called inflammation
The migration of a particular type of leukocyte into a restricted type of tissue, or a tissue with an ongoing infection or injury, is often called leukocyte homing, and the general process of leukocyte
More informationCommercially available HLA Class II tetramers (Beckman Coulter) conjugated to
Class II tetramer staining Commercially available HLA Class II tetramers (Beckman Coulter) conjugated to PE were combined with dominant HIV epitopes (DRB1*0101-DRFYKTLRAEQASQEV, DRB1*0301- PEKEVLVWKFDSRLAFHH,
More informationTh17 and Th17/Treg ratio at early HIV infection associate with protective HIV-specific CD8 + T-cell responses and disease progression
Th17 and Th17/Treg ratio at early HIV infection associate with protective HIV-specific CD8 T-cell responses and disease progression Juliana Falivene 1, Yanina Ghiglione 1, Natalia Laufer 1,3, María Eugenia
More informationA Whole-Blood Assay for Qualitative and Semiquantitative Measurements of CD69 Surface Expression on CD4 and CD8 T Lymphocytes Using Flow Cytometry
CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY, May 1998, p. 392 398 Vol. 5, No. 3 1071-412X/98/$04.00 0 Copyright 1998, American Society for Microbiology A Whole-Blood Assay for Qualitative and Semiquantitative
More informationLevels of expression of CD19 and CD20 in chronic B cell leukaemias
364 Academic Department of Haematology and Cytogenetics, The Royal Marsden Hospital and Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3, UK E Matutes N Farahat R Morilla D Catovsky Department of Internal Medicine,
More informationEx vivo Human Antigen-specific T Cell Proliferation and Degranulation Willemijn Hobo 1, Wieger Norde 1 and Harry Dolstra 2*
Ex vivo Human Antigen-specific T Cell Proliferation and Degranulation Willemijn Hobo 1, Wieger Norde 1 and Harry Dolstra 2* 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine - Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Example of gating strategy
Supplementary Figure 1. Example of gating strategy Legend Supplementary Figure 1: First, gating is performed to include only single cells (singlets) (A) and CD3+ cells (B). After gating on the lymphocyte
More informationBlocking antibodies and peptides. Rat anti-mouse PD-1 (29F.1A12, rat IgG2a, k), PD-
Supplementary Methods Blocking antibodies and peptides. Rat anti-mouse PD-1 (29F.1A12, rat IgG2a, k), PD- L1 (10F.9G2, rat IgG2b, k), and PD-L2 (3.2, mouse IgG1) have been described (24). Anti-CTLA-4 (clone
More informationCD4 (SK3) IVD. For determining percentages of human helper/ inducer lymphocytes in peripheral blood. Catalog No.
5/2014 23-2657-04 IVD CD4 (SK3) For determining percentages of human helper/ inducer lymphocytes in peripheral blood. Catalog No. 100 Tests 340133 BD, BD Logo and all other trademarks are property of Becton,
More informationby Automated Cell Counters
Cytometry (Communications in Clinical Cytometry) 22:26-34 (1995) Variability in Absolute Lymphocyte Counts Obtained by Automated Cell Counters E. Simson and W. Groner Department of Pathology, Long Island
More informationCONTRACTING ORGANIZATION: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD 21205
AD Award Number: DAMD7---7 TITLE: Development of Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells for Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Jonathan P. Schneck, M.D., Ph.D. Mathias Oelke, Ph.D. CONTRACTING
More informationFlow Cytometric Analysis of Cerebral Spinal Fluid Involvement by Leukemia or Lymphoma
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Cerebral Spinal Fluid Involvement by Leukemia or Lymphoma Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, M.D., Ph.D. Flow Cytometry Unit, Laboratory of Pathology, DCS, NCI, NIH DEPARTMENT OF
More informationDetailed step-by-step operating procedures for NK cell and CTL degranulation assays
Supplemental methods Detailed step-by-step operating procedures for NK cell and CTL degranulation assays Materials PBMC isolated from patients, relatives and healthy donors as control K562 cells (ATCC,
More informationFigure S1. Gating strategy used in NK cells and γδ T lymphocytes coculture An example of flow cytometry analysis shows the gating of NK cells and γδ
Figure S1. Gating strategy used in NK cells and γδ T lymphocytes coculture An example of flow cytometry analysis shows the gating of NK cells and γδ T lymphocytes used in all NK activation and cytotoxicity
More informationCost Savings by Reagent Reduction in Flow Cytometry-Based CD4+ T Cell Counts: An Approach to Improve Accessibility for HIV Management
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY (27) 25: 83-89 Cost Savings by Reagent Reduction in Flow Cytometry-Based CD4+ T Cell Counts: An Approach to Improve Accessibility for HIV Management Supranee
More informationCD27 and CD57 Expression Reveals Atypical Differentiation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Specific Memory CD8 T Cells
CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY, Jan. 2007, p. 74 80 Vol. 14, No. 1 1556-6811/07/$08.00 0 doi:10.1128/cvi.00250-06 Copyright 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. CD27 and CD57
More informationOverview of role of immunologic markers in HIV diagnosis
Overview of role of immunologic markers in HIV diagnosis Savita Pahwa, M.D. Departments of Microbiology & Immunology and Pediatrics University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida Background:
More informationApplication Note. Productivity and Efficiency of 6-Color BD Multitest and BD Trucount Technologies for Enumeration of Lymphocyte Subsets
Sept 27 Productivity and Efficiency of 6-Color BD Multitest and BD Trucount Technologies for Enumeration of Lymphocyte Subsets Phillip Ruiz, MD, PhD*, Michael J. Borowitz, MD, PhD**, Henok Tilahun***,
More informationSuppl Video: Tumor cells (green) and monocytes (white) are seeded on a confluent endothelial
Supplementary Information Häuselmann et al. Monocyte induction of E-selectin-mediated endothelial activation releases VE-cadherin junctions to promote tumor cell extravasation in the metastasis cascade
More informationOrganic dust-induced interleukin-12 production activates T- and natural killer cells
Eur Respir J 22; 2: 686 69 DOI:.1183/931936.2.222 Printed in UK all rights reserved Copyright #ERS Journals Ltd 22 European Respiratory Journal ISSN 93-1936 Organic dust-induced interleukin-12 production
More informationDetermination of Antigen-specific Memory/Effector CD4 T Cell Frequencies by Flow Cytometry
Determination of Antigen-specific Memory/Effector CD4 T Cell Frequencies by Flow Cytometry Evidence for a Novel, Antigen-specific Homeostatic Mechanism in HIV-associated Immunodeficiency Shar L. Waldrop,*
More informationSupplemental Figure S1
Supplemental Figure S1 Children from Nandi (low pathogen burden area) and Kisumu (high pathogen burden area) have significantly different pathogen-specific serological profiles. Serum antibody titers for
More informationCellular Immune response. Jianzhong Chen, Ph.D Institute of immunology, ZJU
Cellular Immune response Jianzhong Chen, Ph.D Institute of immunology, ZJU Concept of adaptive immune response T cell-mediated adaptive immune response I. Concept of immune response A collective and coordinated
More informationIMMUNE CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
LECTURE: 07 Title: IMMUNE CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS LEARNING OBJECTIVES: The student should be able to: The chemical nature of the cellular surface receptors. Define the location of the
More informationFlow cytometric CD4 enumeration of four different HIV-Infected blood samples at the cost of one monoclonal antibody reagent
Original article Flow cytometric CD4 enumeration of four different HIV-Infected blood samples at the cost of one monoclonal antibody reagent Egarit Noulsri 1, Surada Lerdwana 1, Kasama Sukapirom 1, Charin
More informationChapter 8. Slower CD4 T cell decline in Ethiopian versus Dutch HIV 1 infected individuals is due to lower T cell proliferation rates
Slower CD4 T cell decline in Ethiopian versus Dutch HIV 1 infected individuals is due to lower T cell proliferation rates Nienke Vrisekoop *1, Belete Tegbaru *1,2, Margreet Westerlaken 1, Dawit Wolday
More informationGeneration of post-germinal centre myeloma plasma B cell.
Generation of post-germinal centre myeloma. DNA DAMAGE CXCR4 Homing to Lytic lesion activation CD38 CD138 CD56 Phenotypic markers Naive Secondary lymphoid organ Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of s caused
More informationSupplemental Figure 1. Gating strategies for flow cytometry and intracellular cytokinestaining
Supplemental Figure 1. Gating strategies for flow cytometry and intracellular cytokinestaining of PBMCs. Forward scatter area (FSC-A) versus side scatter area (SSC-A) was used to select lymphocytes followed
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. IL-12 serum levels and frequency of subsets in FL patients. (A) IL-12
1 Supplementary Data Figure legends Supplementary Figure 1. IL-12 serum levels and frequency of subsets in FL patients. (A) IL-12 serum levels measured by multiplex ELISA (Luminex) in FL patients before
More informationBD Simultest CD8/CD38
Monoclonal Antibodies Detecting Human Antigens BD Simultest CD8/CD38 Catalog No. 349527 50 Tests 20 µl/test RESEARCH APPLICATIONS DESCRIPTION Specificity Antigen distribution Research applications* include
More informationAn Investigation into the Effects of the Addition of Synthetic Receptor on Chemokine Induced Jurkat T-Cell Migration
An Investigation into the Effects of the Addition of Synthetic Receptor on Chemokine Induced Jurkat T-Cell Migration Jessica Jurado, Jianfang Hu, Avery August, PhD PSU Undergraduate Animal Bioscience July
More informationDirect ex vivo characterization of human antigen-specific CD154 + CD4 + T cells Rapid antigen-reactive T cell enrichment (Rapid ARTE)
Direct ex vivo characterization of human antigen-specific CD154 + CD4 + T cells Rapid antigen-reactive T cell enrichment (Rapid ARTE) Introduction Workflow Antigen (ag)-specific T cells play a central
More informationBD OneFlow LST Application Guide
BD OneFlow LST Application Guide IVD 23-16165-00 7/2014 EC REP Becton, Dickinson and Company BD Biosciences 2350 Qume Drive San Jose, CA 95131 USA Benex Limited Pottery Road, Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin,
More informationHuman CD4+T Cell Care Manual
Human CD4+T Cell Care Manual INSTRUCTION MANUAL ZBM0067.04 SHIPPING CONDITIONS Human CD4+T Cells, cryopreserved Cryopreserved human CD4+T cells are shipped on dry ice and should be stored in liquid nitrogen
More informationL-selectin Is Essential for Delivery of Activated CD8 + T Cells to Virus-Infected Organs for Protective Immunity
Cell Reports Supplemental Information L-selectin Is Essential for Delivery of Activated CD8 + T Cells to Virus-Infected Organs for Protective Immunity Rebar N. Mohammed, H. Angharad Watson, Miriam Vigar,
More informationThe Immune Response in Time and Space
The Immune Response in Time and Space Chapters 14 & 4 Sharon S. Evans, Ph.D. Department of Immunology 845-3421 sharon.evans@roswellpark.org September 18 & 23, 2014 Inflammation Inflammation Complex response
More informationAnalysis of Sphingosine Kinase Activity in Single Natural Killer Cells from Peripheral Blood
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Integrative Biology. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic Supplementary Information: Analysis of Sphingosine Kinase Activity in Single
More informationNature Immunology: doi: /ni Supplementary Figure 1. Examples of staining for each antibody used for the mass cytometry analysis.
Supplementary Figure 1 Examples of staining for each antibody used for the mass cytometry analysis. To illustrate the functionality of each antibody probe, representative plots illustrating the expected
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. Involvement of IL-21 in the epidermal hyperplasia of psoriasis
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Involvement of IL-21 in the epidermal hyperplasia of psoriasis Roberta Caruso 1, Elisabetta Botti 2, Massimiliano Sarra 1, Maria Esposito 2, Carmine Stolfi 1, Laura Diluvio 2,
More informationIn vitro human regulatory T cell expansion
- 1 - Human CD4 + CD25 + CD127 dim/- regulatory T cell Workflow isolation, in vitro expansion and analysis In vitro human regulatory T cell expansion Introduction Regulatory T (Treg) cells are a subpopulation
More informationDC-SIGN on B Lymphocytes Is Required For Transmission of HIV-1 to T Lymphocytes
DC-SIGN on B Lymphocytes Is Required For Transmission of HIV-1 to T Lymphocytes Giovanna Rappocciolo 1*, Paolo Piazza 1, Craig L. Fuller 1, Todd A. Reinhart 1, Simon C. Watkins 2, David T. Rowe 1, Mariel
More informationACS GUIDELINE FOR LYMPHOCYTE SUBSET IMMUNOPHENOTYPING. Second Edition Australasian Cytometry Society Guideline Document
ACS GUIDELINE FOR LYMPHOCYTE SUBSET IMMUNOPHENOTYPING Second Edition 2017 Australasian Cytometry Society Guideline Document Paper-based publications This work is copyright. You may reproduce the whole
More informationEffector Mechanisms of Cell-Mediated Immunity
Effector Mechanisms of Cell-Mediated Immunity Dr. Julia Rempel Section of Hepatology 789-3825 jdrempel@cc.umanitoba.ca 804D JBRC Topics: I. Types of Cell-Mediated Immunity II. Migration of Effector T Lymphocytes
More informationSupplemental Table 1. Primer sequences for transcript analysis
Supplemental Table 1. Primer sequences for transcript analysis Primer Sequence (5 3 ) Primer Sequence (5 3 ) Mmp2 Forward CCCGTGTGGCCCTC Mmp15 Forward CGGGGCTGGCT Reverse GCTCTCCCGGTTTC Reverse CCTGGTGTGCCTGCTC
More informationChapter 2 (pages 22 33): Cells and Tissues of the Immune System. Prepared by Kristen Dazy, MD, Scripps Clinic Medical Group
Allergy and Immunology Review Corner: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 8th Edition By Abul K. Abbas, MBBS; Andrew H. H. Lichtman, MD, PhD; and Shiv Pillai, MBBS, PhD. Chapter 2 (pages 22 33): Cells and
More informationAntigen Presentation and T Lymphocyte Activation. Abul K. Abbas UCSF. FOCiS
1 Antigen Presentation and T Lymphocyte Activation Abul K. Abbas UCSF FOCiS 2 Lecture outline Dendritic cells and antigen presentation The role of the MHC T cell activation Costimulation, the B7:CD28 family
More informationNature Immunology: doi: /ni Supplementary Figure 1. RNA-Seq analysis of CD8 + TILs and N-TILs.
Supplementary Figure 1 RNA-Seq analysis of CD8 + TILs and N-TILs. (a) Schematic representation of the tumor and cell types used for the study. HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell cancer; NSCLC, non-small
More informationSupplemental Figure 1. Activated splenocytes upregulate Serpina3g and Serpina3f expression.
Relative Serpin expression 25 2 15 1 5 Serpina3f 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 6 4 2 Serpina3g 1 2 3 4 5 6 C57BL/6 DBA/2 Supplemental Figure 1. Activated splenocytes upregulate Serpina3g and Serpina3f expression. Splenocytes
More informationCD56negCD16+ NK cells are activated mature NK cells with impaired effector function during HIV-1 infection
Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library, The George Washington University Health Sciences Research Commons Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications Microbiology, Immunology, and
More informationElevated expression of LAG-3, but not PD-1, is associated with impaired inkt cytokine production during chronic HIV-1 infection and treatment
Juno et al. Retrovirology (2015) 12:17 DOI 10.1186/s12977-015-0142-z RESEARCH Open Access Elevated expression of LAG-3, but not PD-1, is associated with impaired inkt cytokine production during chronic
More informationRapid antigen-specific T cell enrichment (Rapid ARTE)
Direct ex vivo characterization of human antigen-specific CD154+CD4+ T cell Rapid antigen-specific T cell enrichment (Rapid ARTE) Introduction Workflow Antigen (ag)-specific T cells play a central role
More informationankylosing spondylitis Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military
Functional defects in CD4 + CD25 high FoxP3 + regulatory cells in ankylosing spondylitis Huifang Guo 1, 2, 3, Ming Zheng 1, 2, 3, Kui Zhang 1, 3, Fengfan Yang 1, 3, Xin Zhang 1, 3, Qing Han 1, 3, Zhi-Nan
More information7-AAD/CFSE Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Assay Kit
7-AAD/CFSE Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Assay Kit Catalog Number KA1293 96 assays Version: 02 Intended for research use only www.abnova.com Table of Contents Introduction... 3 Background... 3 Principle of
More informationORIGINAL INVESTIGATION
ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION C-Reactive Protein Is a Marker for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease Progression Bryan Lau, PhD, MHS, ScM; A. Richey Sharrett, MD, DrPH; Larry A. Kingsley, DrPH; Wendy Post, MD,
More informationIn vitro human regulatory T cell suppression assay
Human CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cell isolation, in vitro suppression assay and analysis In vitro human regulatory T cell suppression assay Introduction Regulatory T (Treg) cells are a subpopulation of
More informationACTIVATION OF T LYMPHOCYTES AND CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY
ACTIVATION OF T LYMPHOCYTES AND CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY The recognition of specific antigen by naïve T cell induces its own activation and effector phases. T helper cells recognize peptide antigens through
More informationImmunophenotyping of rheumatoid arthritis reveals a linkage between. HLA-DRB1 genotype, CXCR4 expression on memory CD4 + T cells, and
Supplementary Material Title: Immunophenotyping of rheumatoid arthritis reveals a linkage between HLA-DRB1 genotype, CXCR4 expression on memory CD4 + T cells, and disease activity. Authors: Yasuo Nagafuchi
More informationFluorochrome Panel 1 Panel 2 Panel 3 Panel 4 Panel 5 CTLA-4 CTLA-4 CD15 CD3 FITC. Bio) PD-1 (MIH4, BD) ICOS (C398.4A, Biolegend) PD-L1 (MIH1, BD)
Additional file : Table S. Antibodies used for panel stain to identify peripheral immune cell subsets. Panel : PD- signaling; Panel : CD + T cells, CD + T cells, B cells; Panel : Tregs; Panel :, -T, cdc,
More informationUp-Regulation of Integrins α2β1 and α3β1 Expression in Human Foreskin Fibroblast Cells after In-Vitro Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
Up-Regulation of Integrins α2β1 and α3β1 Expression in Human Foreskin Fibroblast Cells after In-Vitro Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Shapour Shahgasempour *1, Ali Shamsi Shahomabadi 2, Farah-Dokht
More informationSupplementary Fig. 1: Ex vivo tetramer enrichment with anti-c-myc beads
Supplementary Fig. 1: Ex vivo tetramer enrichment with anti-c-myc beads Representative example of comparative ex vivo tetramer enrichment performed in three independent experiments with either conventional
More informationThe T cell receptor for MHC-associated peptide antigens
1 The T cell receptor for MHC-associated peptide antigens T lymphocytes have a dual specificity: they recognize polymporphic residues of self MHC molecules, and they also recognize residues of peptide
More informationNature Medicine: doi: /nm.2109
HIV 1 Infects Multipotent Progenitor Cells Causing Cell Death and Establishing Latent Cellular Reservoirs Christoph C. Carter, Adewunmi Onafuwa Nuga, Lucy A. M c Namara, James Riddell IV, Dale Bixby, Michael
More informationThe Adaptive Immune Responses
The Adaptive Immune Responses The two arms of the immune responses are; 1) the cell mediated, and 2) the humoral responses. In this chapter we will discuss the two responses in detail and we will start
More informationMeasuring Dendritic Cells
Measuring Dendritic Cells A.D. Donnenberg, V.S. Donnenberg UNIVERSITY of PITTSBURGH CANCER INSTITUTE CCS Longbeach 10_04 Measuring DC Rare event detection The basics of DC measurement Applications Cancer
More informationAdaptive immune responses: T cell-mediated immunity
MICR2209 Adaptive immune responses: T cell-mediated immunity Dr Allison Imrie allison.imrie@uwa.edu.au 1 Synopsis: In this lecture we will discuss the T-cell mediated immune response, how it is activated,
More informationCryopreservation Decreases Receptor PD-1 and Ligand PD-L1 Coinhibitory Expression on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell-Derived T Cells and Monocytes
CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY, Nov. 2009, p. 1648 1653 Vol. 16, No. 11 1556-6811/09/$12.00 doi:10.1128/cvi.00259-09 Copyright 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Cryopreservation
More informationCLINICAL USE OF CELLULAR SUBPOPULATION ANALYSIS IN BM
CLINICAL USE OF CELLULAR SUBPOPULATION ANALYSIS IN BM CANCER RESEARCH CENTRE, UNIVERSITY AND UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF SALAMANCA (SPAIN)( Sao Paulo, 18th of April, 2009 IDENTIFICATION OF HPC (I) 1.- In vivo
More information