MASSAGENERD.COM Presents. Asian Medicine. By Ryan Jay Hoyme CMT, NCTMB, HST

Transcription

1 MASSAGENERD.COM Presents Asian Medicine By Ryan Jay Hoyme CMT, NCTMB, HST

2 For the National Boards; make sure know: The direction of the meridians (where they are at), 5 element theory, and Yin/Yang theory. Legal Disclaimer All models are at least 18 years of age. The techniques, ideas, and suggestions in this document are not intended as a substitute for proper medical advice! Consult your physician or health care professional before performing or receiving a massage, particularly if you are pregnant or nursing, or if you are elderly, or if you have any chronic or recurring conditions. Any application of the techniques, ideas, and suggestions in this document is at the reader's sole discretion and risk. The author and publisher of this document and their employers are not liable or responsible to any person or entity for any errors contained in this document, or for any special, incidental, or consequential damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the information contained in this document. Copyright Ryan Jay Hoyme 2

3 YIN / YANG Definition The yin/yang symbol is a metaphor for the constant dance between the masculine and feminine energies within each one of us. Since one is opposite, yet complimentary of the other, one cannot appear without the other. Yin/Yang means that everything has its opposite within it. Yin & Yang struggle with and control each other, yet we need a balance of Yin/Yang in our life. Yin and Yang are not separate items; they always appear together when speaking about the principles of Yin/Yang. The list is endless with Yi / Yang. Yin 1. Yin meridians are on the front of the body 2. The lower part of the body, the interior part of the body, and the abdomen are all Yin 3. Yin organ is called a Zang (Kidney, Heart, Pericardium, Lungs, Spleen, and Liver) 4. Feminine qualities 5. Passive 6. Vertical 7. Dark side of the mountain 8. Shade 9. Dark 10. Stillness 11. Inside 12. Anatomy 13. Blood 14. Heavy 15. Night 16. Winter 17. Centrifugal - movement from the center of the body 18. Contracting 19. Flat 20. Cold 21. Wet 22. Inside 23. Down 24. Opaque 25. Big 26. Earth 27. Moon 28. Tail of the coin Yang 1. Yang meridians are on the back of the body 2. The upper part of the body, the exterior part of the body, and the back are all Yang 3. Yang organ is called a Fu (Small Intestine, Triple Warmer, Stomach, Large Intestine, Gallbladder and Urinary Bladder) 4. Masculine qualities 5. Active 6. Horizontal 7. Sunny side of the mountain 8. Brightness 9. Light 10. Activity 11. Outside 12. Physiology 13. Qi energy 14. Light 15. Day 16. Summer 17. Centripetal - movement toward the center of the body 18. Expanding 19. Round 20. Hot 21. Dry 22. Outside 23. Up 24. Clear 25. Small 26. Heaven 27. Sun 28. Head of a coin 3

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5 Asian medicine - into what you eat and they will prescribe herbs for your problems. Acupressure - invented by the Japanese (Applying pressure without needles) (Another name is Dian xue massage). Acupuncture - invented by the Chinese (Applying pressure with needles). There are 2,000 known Acupuncture points in the body. An mo - a type of massage used for health maintenance and to restore vitality. Its name means "press and stroke" in Chinese. Ashiatsu (ashi means foot and atsu means pressure) - an ancient form of bodywork. An adaptation of an ancient form of barefoot massage using deep compression effleurage gliding over the body. Gravitational force is combined with centrifugal and centripetal movements to bring about a structural change in chronic soft tissue damage. Bars are used over the head for balance and lubricant is applied. Auricular - ear acupuncture therapy. Barefoot Shiatsu - using hands, elbows, knees, and feet to massage. Blood (Xue) - the fluid that circulates in the vascular system as in Western medicine but it also houses the Shen (or spirit) and aids in the development of clear and stable thought processes. Blood is the mother of Qi and Qi rules the Blood. Body fluid (Jin Ye) - a general term used in Asian Medicine, which refers to body fluids such as tears, sweat, urine, gastric and intestinal fluids, as well as saliva, various mucous discharges, and sinovial fluids. Chi Nei Tsang - an Internal Organ Energy Taoist Massage. It directly massages the organs in order to balance their energies. Chinese pediatric massage - a form of Tui na massage adapted to the special needs of children from birth to 12 years of age. Cupping - another method has the function of warming and promoting the free flow of qi and blood in the meridians, dispelling cold dampness, diminishing swellings and pains. You can purchase a set of glass jars that you have to put fire under to get a vacuum like effect on the body or you can purchase a plastic cup set that you suction up the skin. Do-In - a system of self-massage promoted most recently by Michio Kushi. More than 5,000 years ago, Chinese Taoist monks observed that it was instinctive for a person to touch or hold an injured or painful body part, a form of self-healing. They developed a system called Tao-Yinn, Tao meaning "the way" and Yinn meaning "a gentle approach". Today it is called Do-In and is used to sustain overall health as well as treat specific physical problems. Essence (Jing) - the body's reproductive and regenerative substance. Excess yin - excess cold. Excess yang - excess heat. Face reading - another form of diagnosis. The human face can show many signs that indicate that the person has some health problem. They will also do a tongue and nail reading, also observe the rest of your body. Feng Shui - Chinese "Art of Placement" that balances the life-energies or "chi" in a living space. The words literally mean 'wind' and 'water'. Five Elements - the five energies of wood, earth, metal, water and fire which exist in nature. Each transforms and controls one another to maintain a harmonious balance. Gua Sha - an East Asian healing technique. Gua means to scrape or rub. You first lubricate the problem area with oil, and then you use a plastic coin or a regular coin and scrape that area back and forth until it turns red. It moves stuck Qi and Blood, and moves Fluids. Iridology - the study of the eyes. Iridologists will look into your eyes and diagnosis problems in your body. Jin Shin Do (translated as the way of the compassionate spirit) - derived from acupressure. The technique involves applying gentle fingertip pressure to thirty specific points along the body to release, smooth and balance vital `chi' energy. Practitioners meditate and try to transfer chi to clients by using knowledge of where energy flows and patterns meet. According to its practitioners, Jin Shin Do pervades all aspects of our being by affecting general muscle tension, improving circulation, balancing emotions and raising the spiritual state of being. Jin Shin Jyutsu - employs twenty-six 'safety energy locks' along energy pathways that feed life into our bodies. Holding these energy locks in ASIAN DICTIONARY combination can bring balance to mind, body, and spirit, it is done by placing fingertips over clothing on specific energy centers. Ki - Japanese for energy. Meridians - 12 major pathways through which qi flows, supplying energy and nourishment to the body. Acupuncture needles are placed in points along these pathways to assist in correcting imbalances. Moxibustion - used in cones (Placed on the skin) or a long stick (Held about an inch away from the skin). The main reasons for using moxibustion is to warm meridians and expel cold, to induce the smooth flow of qi and blood & to prevent diseases and keep healthy. A famous technique of Traditional Chinese Medicine, using dried, pressed leaves of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris). Organs - major source of confusion in understanding the Traditional Chinese Medicine. Although the organ names in TCM are the same as in Western Medicine, they cover a wide range of systems and functions. Pulse diagnosis - checks the pulse in three different positions at three different levels. Qi - (Chinese) the "Life Force" of all living things as well as representative of all energy within the universe. Qi-gong (Qi = life force, nourishment; Gong = exercise) - a set of exercises including: breathing, meditative, and physical movements. Qigong can also be preformed on a client with energy techniques. Reiki - a form of Japanese energy work. Seven Emotions - sadness, fright, fear, grief, anger, joy (extreme excitability) and pensiveness. Considered as potential causes of illness. Shiatsu - Japanese massage. Shiatsu translates to 'shi'=finger 'atsu'=pressure. Shiatsu therapists use fingers, thumbs, palms, elbows, knees and feet to apply pressure to the body and restore the flow of energy through the channels, known as meridians. A Shiatsu treatment is given on a futon mat on the floor, and loose, comfortable clothing is usually worn. There are 660 points used in Shiatsu. Six External Evils - wind, cold, summer heat, dampness, dryness, and fire. Spirit (Shen) - a non-physical, mental, emotional aspect of human consciousness that is stored in the Chinese heart. Stagnation - a blockage or buildup of qi or blood that prevents it from flowing freely. Tai Chi - a form of exercise that has very slow fluid motions. Tao - the ancient philosophy of oneness in all creation. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a holistic medical system which combines the use of acupuncture, Chinese herbs, nutrition, massage, and movement exercises (known as Tai Chi or Qi Gong) to bring the body into balance. Tui-na - Chinese massage. They developed amma or tui-na, which is the term used today means push-pull. It requires the controlled use of deep but constantly moving pressure and can be repeated hundreds of times. The therapist pushes hard with the ball of the thumb, then rubs lightly around the area being treated. Yang - represents heat and the body's ability to generate and maintain warmth and circulation. Yang deficiency - a decreased heat condition. Yin - represents cool and the substance of the body, including blood and bodily fluids that nurture and moisten the organs and tissues. Yin deficiency - a decreased cold condition. Vital energy - means air; Qi is the vital energy of any living organism and source of all movement and change in the universe. Zangfu - the term used to describe various yin and yang organs in the body. A yin organ is Zang, while a yang organ is Fu. Zang Organs (5) - Heart, Lung, Spleen, Liver, and Kidney. Fu Organs (6) - Gall Bladder, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Urinary Bladder, Sanjiao (three areas of the body cavity, they are a general term for the three sections of the body trunk. The upper jiao contains the heart and lung, the middle jiao contains the spleen and stomach, and the lower jiao contains the kidney and urinary bladder). 5

6 ASIAN ELEMENTS Each element is associated with different organs, meridians, and characteristics. Do not get the Asian medicine elements mixed-up with the Ayurveda medicine elements. The Five Elements represents a further classification of Yin and Yang into different forms of Ki, described by the qualities of Earth, Metal, Water, Wood, and Fire. These Elements are descriptions of Ki in different stages and processes of change. Fire is the ultimate Yang. Metal is more solid, more structured, colder. Water is to do with fluidity and flexibility; it is cold and is the ultimate Yin. Wood is more active, creative. The cycle of the Five Elements shows how each element is constantly being transformed from one into another throughout the natural world. Water creates Wood, Wood creates Fire, Fire creates Earth, Earth creates Metal, and Metal creates Water. The names of the elements are convenient labels, or images to help us understand their function, but their meaning goes far beyond the label. Wood energy is responsible for growth, decision-making, and creativity, but if it is allowed to get out of balance it can lead to impatience, frustration, and anger. Metal represents clarity, precision, and incisiveness, but if unchecked it can lead to depression and grief. The five elements are interrelated in a complex way, so that an excess of one type of energy can over-control or deplete another - Earth controls Water, Water controls Fire, Fire controls Metal, Metal controls Wood and Wood controls Earth. 6

7 1. Productive, Fertile & Growth 2. Season change 3. Transformation 4. Dampness 5. Center 6. Mouth EARTH 7. Flesh/muscles 8. Pensiveness/thought 9. Singing 10. Sweet 11. Yellow 12. Nourishing 13. Imagination 14. Pensiveness is the emotion which creates imbalance within this element. 1. Hot, ascending, Light and Energy 2. Summer 3. Growth 4. Heat 5. South 6. Tongue 7. Blood vessels 8. Joy 9. Laughing 10. Bitter 11. Red FIRE 12. Warming 13. Mind-spirit 14. Joy (overindulgence) is the emotion which creates imbalance within this element. 1. Conductor 2. Autumn 3. Harvest 4. Dryness 5. West 6. Nose 1. Wet, Descending & Flowing 2. Winter 3. Storage 4. Cold 5. North 6. Ears METAL 7. Skin 8. Grief/sadness 9. Crying 10. Pungent 11. White 12. Drying WATER 7. Bones 8. Fear 9. Groaning 10. Salty 11. Black/dark blue 12. Cooling/ Moistening 13. Corporeal soul 14. Sadness, or grieving is the emotion which creates imbalance within this element. 13. Willpower 14. Fear and paranoia are the emotions which create imbalance within this element. 1. Strong & Rooted 2. Spring 3. Birth 4. Wind 5. East 6. Eyes 7. Tendons 8. Anger 9. Shouting 10. Sour 11. Green 12. Flexibility WOOD 13. Ethereal soul 14. Anger is the emotion that creates imbalance within the liver, while indecisiveness is relative to the gallbladder. 7

8 Pale: Deficiency of Yang or deficiency of Blood. If a Yang deficiency, tongue will be swollen and slightly wet. If a blood deficiency, tongue will be somewhat dry. Red: Always indicates heat. If predominately on the tip = Heart. If predominately on the sides = Liver or Gall Bladder. Purple: Stasis of Blood, circulation disorder. TONGUE DIAGNOSIS Tongue Color: (Normal color is pale red) Tongue Shape: Thin: Indicates either a Blood or Yin deficiency and a chronic condition. Swollen: Indicates retention of fluids. Long: Indicates a tendency to Heat in the Heart. Short: If pale and wet = Interior Cold (Yang deficiency). If red and peeled = Interior Heat (Yin deficiency). Cracks: Indicate either Heat or a Yin deficiency: Short, horizontal indicates Stomach Yin deficiency. Long, deep midline reaching to the tip indicates a Heart disharmony. Shallow, midline, not reaching tip, indicates a Stomach Yin deficiency. Short, transverse on sides of middle, indicates a Spleen Qi deficiency. Tongue Coating: A thin, white coating is normal and indicates that the stomach is digesting properly. Thick: Indicates the presence of a pathogenic factor. None: Often called "peeled". Indicates a Stomach or Kidney Yin deficiency. If peeled and red all over, indicates deficient Kidney Yin. White: Indicates Cold (Yang deficiency). Yellow: Indicates Heat (Yin deficiency). Moisture: A normal tongue is slightly wet. Wet: Indicates a Yang Qi deficiency. Dry: Indicates a Yin Qi deficiency. Slippery: Or sticky, indicates retention of dampness. 8

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17 ASIAN MERIDIANS The meridians are also called channels (jing luo). There are 12 main meridians but there are actually 20 meridians in all. When the meridian is blocked, the qi and blood cannot circulate and the person may experience physical pain. The meridians run through the limbic system of the brain. Since the limbic system is where our emotional memories are stored, moods are regulated, and comparisons and associations are made, it is believed that the meridians hold our emotions and unresolved feelings. The meridians are named after the physical organs in the body. However, the meridian does not just relate to the physical organ, but encompasses a whole constellation of meanings based around a particular function. The easiest way to define a meridian is in terms of function. Rather than think of the meridian as a pathway attached to an organ, we should look on the meridian as a concentration of a particular functional energetic quality of the body. Where it reaches its most intense point, there it creates a physical organ to carry out that function. The meridians and their actions were known in China long before the precise physical functions of the internal organs were worked out. So while there are some points of commonality (e.g. the Large Intestine meridian relates to elimination and the Lung meridian to breathing), the functions, and associations of a meridian are generally much broader than those of the organ it is named after. So, for example, if your Shiatsu practitioner tells you after a treatment that your Heart meridian needed attention, this does not imply that there is anything wrong with your physical heart organ. In Shiatsu terms, it is much more likely to mean that you need emotional support! 17

18 METAL LUNG / BRONCHI / TRACHEA Metal Element / Yin HAND MAXIMUM YIN JAPANESE: Hai Kei ABBREVIATIONS: L or Lu CHINESE: Fei Ching Active from: 3 5 a.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts on chest in front of shoulder, finishes in thumb. Governs Qi and Respiration. Control the Channels and Blood Vessels. Control Dispersing and Descending. Houses the Corporeal Soul. Regulates Water Passages. Control Skin and Hair. Opens into the Nose. Muscles associated with this meridian are Anterior Serratus, Coracobrachialis, Deltoids, and the Diaphragm. Possible deficiencies or excess: Cough, asthmatic breathing, congested and sore throat, a sensation of fullness in the chest; pain in the supraclavicular fossa, shoulder, back and anterior border of the medial aspect of the arm. 11 Points (Each Side) ALARM L-1 Location: On the lateral aspect of chest, In the interspace of the 1st and 2nd rib, 6 cun lateral to midline of chest. TONIFICATION L-9 Location: On the palmar surface, at the tip of the transverse crease of the wrist, in the depression on the radial side of the radial artery. SEDATION L-5 Location: In the cubital crease, on the radial side of the tendon of biceps brachii, flex elbow slightly to locate the point. ENTRY L-1 Location: On the lateral aspect of chest, In the interspace of the 1st and 2nd rib, 6 cun lateral to midline of chest. SOURCE L-9 Location: On the palmar surface, at the tip of the transverse crease of the wrist, in the depression on the radial side of the radial artery. ASSOCIATED BL-13 Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the 2nd lumbar vertebra. LUO L-7 Location: Above the styloid process of the radius, 1.5 cun above the transverse crease of the wrist. Or, when the index fingers and thumbs of both hands are crossed, the point is the depression right under the tip of the index finger. EXIT L-7 Location: Above the styloid process of the radius, 1.5 cun above the transverse crease of the wrist. Or, when the index fingers and thumbs of both hands are crossed, the point is the depression right under the tip of the index finger. ACCUMULATION L-6 Location: On the radial aspect of the forearrn, 7 cun above the wrist crease. 18

19 METAL LARGE INTESTINE Metal Element / Yang HAND EQUILIBRIUM YANG JAPANESE: Dai Cho Kei ABBREVIATIONS: LI or CO (Colon) CHINESE: Ta Ch'ang Ching Active from: 5 7 a.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts in index finger, finishes at side of nostril. Supports the body's ability to remove waste and absorb water. It re-absorbs some of the fluids and excretes the stool. Associated with release and moving on. Muscles associated with this meridian are Tensor Fascia Latae, Hamstrings, and the Quad Lumborum. Possible deficiencies or excess: Watery nasal discharge, toothache, congested and sore throat ; pain in the neck, anterior part of the shoulder and anterior border of the lateral aspect of the upper limb ; abdominal pain, diarrhea and dysentery. 20 Points (Each Side) ALARM ST-25 Location: 2 cun lateral to the umbilicus TONIFICATION LI-1l Location: In the depression at the lateral end of the transverse cubital crease. Midway between LU-5 and the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, when elbow is half flexed. SEDATION LI-2&3 Location: (2) In a depression distal to the 2nd metacarpophalangeal joint on radial side. Clinch fist to locate point. (3) On the radial side of the index-finger in a depression proximal to the head of the 2nd metacarpal bone. Clench fist to locate point. ENTRY LI-4 Location: On the middle of the 2nd metacarpal bone, on the radial aspect. At the highest spot of the muscle when the thumb and the index finger are brought close together. SOURCE LI-4 Location: On the middle of the 2nd metacarpal bone, on thc radial aspect. At the highest spot of the muscle when the thumb and the index finger are brought close together. ASSOCIATED BL-25 Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the 4th lumbar vertebra. LUO LI-6 Location: 3 cun above LI-5. (LI-5) On the posterior radial side of the wrist. When the thumb is tilted upward, it is in the hollow between the tendons of extensor pollicis brevis and longus. EXIT LI-20 Location: Between the naso-labial groove and the midpoint of the outer border of the nasal ala. ACCUMULATION LI-7 Location: 5 cun above LI-5 on line connecting LI-5 & LI

20 EARTH SPLEEN / PANCREAS Earth Element / Yin FOOT MAXIMUM YIN JAPANESE: Hi Kei ABBREVIATIONS: SP CHINESE: P'i Ching Active from: 9 11 a.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts in big toe, finishes at side of chest. Transforming food into energy and regulating the maintenance of the body's blood. Governs Transformation and transportation. Controls Blood. Controls the Muscles and the Limbs. Opens into the Mouth and Manifests in the Lips. Controls the Raising of Qi. Houses Thought. Spleen rules ascending transformation and is associated with high self-esteem and forgiveness. The pancreas is associated with caring and devotion. Muscles associated with this meridian are Latissimus Dorsi, Trapezius, Triceps, and the Opponens Pollicis Longus. Possible deficiencies or excess: Belching, vomiting, epigastric pain, abdominal distension, loose stools, jaundice, heaviness of the body, lassitude, stiffness, and pain in the root of the tongue, swelling, and coldness in the medial aspect of the thigh and knee. 21 Points (Each Side) ALARM LV-13 Location: On the free end of the 11th rib. TONIFICATION SP-2 Location: On the medial side of the great toe, anterior and inferior to the 1st. metatarso-phalangeal joint, at the junction of the "red and white" skin. SEDATION SP-5 Location: Draw a straight line along the anterior and the inferior border of the medial malleolus respectively. The point is where the two lines cross. ENTRY SP-l Location: On the medial side of the great toe, 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail. SOURCE SP-3 Location: At the medial aspect of foot, posterior and inferior to the head of the first metatarsal bone, at the junction of the "red and white" skin. ASSOCIATED BL-21 Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the 12th thoracic vertebra. LUO SP-4 Location: On the medial aspect of foot, in a depression at the anterior and inferior border of 1st metatarsal bone at the junction of the "red and white" skin. EXIT SP-21 Location: On the midaxillary line, in the 6th intercostal space. ACCUMULATION SP-8 Location: 3 cun below SP-9 at the posterior border of the tibia. (SP-9) In the depression on the lower border of the medial condyl of the tibia, on a level with the tuberosity of the tibia. 20

21 EARTH STOMACH Earth Element / Yang FOOT EQUILIBRIUM YANG JAPANESE: I Kei ABBREVIATIONS: S or ST CHINESE: Wei Ching Active from: 7 9 a.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts under eye, finishes in second toe. Controls "rotting and ripening" of food. Controls the Transportation of Food Essences. Controls the Descending of Qi. Is the Origin of Fluids. Stomach's influence on the Mental State. Associated with honoring of self and nurturance. Muscles associated with this meridian are Pect Major Clav, Neck Muscles, Levator Scapulae, and the Brachioradialis. Possible deficiencies or excess: Abdominal distension, edema, epigastric pain, vomiting, hunger, deviation of the mouth, congested and sore throat ; pain in the chest, abdomen and lateral aspect of the lower limbs ; fever and mania. 45 Points (Each Side) ALARM CV-12 Location: midpoint on a line connecting the xyphoid process with the umbilicus. Locate point with patient in supine position. TONIFICATION ST-41 Location: On the midpoint of dorsum of foot at the transverse malleolus crease, between the tendons of extensor digitorum longus and halucius longus. SEDATION ST-45 Location: On the lateral side of the tip of the 2nd toe, 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail. ENTRY ST-1 Location: 4 cun above umbilicus, 2 cun lateral to CV- 12. (For CV-12 refer to the Stomach alarm point.) SOURCE ST-42 Location: 1.5 cun distal to ST-41, at the highest spot of dorsum of foot, artery can be palpated. (For ST-41 refer to the Stomach Tonification point.) ASSOCIATED BL-21 Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the 12th thoracic vertebra. LUO ST-40 Location: 8 cun below knee; one finger width lateral to ST-38. EXIT ST-42 Location: 1.5 cun distal to ST-41, at the highest spot of dorsum of foot, artery can be palpated. (For ST-41 refer to the Stomach Tonification point.) ACCUMULATION ST-34 Location: In the depression 2 cun above the superiolateral border of the patella, directly above ST-35. (ST-35) Ask the patient to bend the knee. The point is in the depression just below patella, lateral to patellar ligament.

22 FIRE HEART Fire Element / Yin HAND MINIMUM YIN ABBREVIATIONS: H or HT JAPANESE:Shin Kei CHINESE:Hsin Ching Active from: 11 a.m. 1 p.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts under armpit, finishes in little finger. Governs Blood. Houses the Mind. Controls the Blood Vessels. Manifests in the Complexion. Opens onto the Tongue. Controls Sweat. Rules the head and houses Spirit Muscle associated with this meridian is the Subscapularis. Possible deficiencies or excess: Cardiac pain, palpitations, hypochondriac pain, insomnia, night sweating, dryness of the throat, thirst, pain in the medial aspect of the upper arm and heat sensation in the palms. 9 Points (Each Side) ALARM CV-14 Location: 6 cun above the umbilicus, on the midline of the abdomen. TONIFICATION H-9 Location: On the radial side of the tip of the small finger, about 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail. SEDATION... H-7 Location: On the ulnar side of the wrist, on the posterior border of the pisiform bone, in the depression at the radial side of the tendon of flexor carpi-ulnaris. ENTRY H-1 Location: At the center of the axilla, on the medial side of the axillary artery. SOURCE: H-7 Location: On the ulnar side of the wrist, on the posterior border of the pisiform bone, in the depression at the radial side of the tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris. ASSOCIATED. BL-15 Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the 5th thoracic vertebra. LUO H-5 Location: On the ulnar side of the wrist, on the radial side of the tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris, 1 cun above H-7. (Refer to Heart source or sedation points for H-7 location.) EXIT H-9 Location: On the radial side of the tip of the small finger, about 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail. ACCUMULATION H-6 Location: On ulnar side of wrist, on the radial side of the tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris, 0.5 cun above H- 7. Refer to Heart source or sedation points for H-7 location. 22

23 FIRE SMALL INTESTINE Fire Element / Yang HAND MAXIMUM YANG ABBREVIATIONS: SI JAPANESE: Sho Cho Kei CHINESE: Hsiao Ch'ang Ching Active from: 1 3 p.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts in little finger, finishes in front of ear. Controls Receiving and Transforming and Separating Fluids. Drawing out the energy contained in food, leaving the remaining matter to be eliminated as waste. Associated with self-acceptance and integrity. Muscles associated with this meridian are Quadriceps and the Abdominals. Possible deficiencies or excess: Deafness, yellow sclera, sore throat, swelling of the cheeks, distension and pain in the lower abdomen and pain in the posterior border of the lateral aspect of the shoulder and arm. 19 Points (Each Side) ALARM CV-4 Location: 3 cun below umbilicus, on midline of the abdomen. TONIFICATION SI-3 Location: At the end of the transverse crease proximal to the 5th metacarpo-phalangeal joint when the hand is half clenched. SEDATION SI-8 Location: In the posterior aspect of the cubital joint, in a depression between the olecronon of the ulna and tip of the medial epicondyle of the humerus. ENTRY SI-1 Location: At the ulnar side of the small finger, about 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail. SOURCE SI-4 Location: At ulnar side of the border of the palm in depression between the base of the 5th metacarpal bone and trigenimal bone. ASSOCIATED.. BL-27 Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the midline of back, level to the 1st posterior sacral foramen, in the depression between the medial border of the posterior superior iliac spine and the sacrum. LUO SI-7 Location: 5 cun proximal to the wrist, on the line connecting SI-5 with SI-8. (SI-5) At the ulnar side of the wrist in the depression between the styloid process of the ulnar and the pisiform bone. (SI-5) Refer to Small Intestine sedation point. EXIT SI-19 Location: In the depression shown between the tragus and mandibular joint when the mouth is slightly opened. ACCUMULATION SI-6 Location: Flex the elbow with palm placed on the chest; the point is on the bony cleft on the radial aspect of the styloid process of the ulna. 23

24 EXTRA FIRE PERICARDIUM / HORMONAL SYSTEM Fire Element / Yin (CIRCULATION SEX, HEART CONSTRICTION, ENVELOPE OF HEART) HAND EQUILIBRIUM YIN ABBREVIATIONS: CX, HC, P or EH JAPANESE:Shim Po Kei CHINESE: Hsin Pao Ching Active from: 7 9 p.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts beside nipple, finishes in middle finger. Protects and oversees the heart. Possible deficiencies or excess: Cardiac pain, palpitations, mental restlessness, stuffiness in the chest, flushed face, swelling in the axilla, depressive and manic mental disorders, spasm of the upper limbs and heat sensation in the palms. 9 Points (Each Side) ALARM CV-15 Location: 7 cun above the umbilicus. TONIFICATION CX-9 (Zhongchong) Location: At the midpoint of the tip of the middle finger. SEDATION CX-7 (Daling) Location: At the midpoint of the transverse crease of wrist between the tendons of the palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis. ENTRY CX-l (Tianchi) Location: 1 cun lateral to the nipple in the 4th intercostal space. SOURCE CX-7 (Daling) Location: At the midpoint of the transverse creae of the wrist between the tendons of the palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis. ASSOCIATED BL-14 (Jueyinshu) Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the 4th thoracic vertebra. LUO CX-6 (Neiguan) Location: 2 cun above the transverse crease of palmer side of wrist between the radius and the ulna. EXIT CX-8 (Laogong) Location: In the middle of the palm, between the middle and the ring fingers, adjacent to the 3rd metacarpal bone. ACCUMULATION CX-4 (Ximen) Location: 5 cun above the transverse crease of wrist, between the tendons on palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis.

25 EXTRA FIRE TRIPLE HEATER /TRIPLE WARMER /TRIPLE BURNER / LYMPHATIC SYSTEM /SAN JIAO Fire Element / Yang HAND MINIMUM YANG ABBREVIATIONS: TH, TW, TB, T, SJ JAPANESE: San Sho Kei CHINESE: San Chiao Ching Active from: 9 11 p.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts in fourth finger, finishes by outside corner of eyebrow. Responsible for the relationship between various organs that regulate water. Representative of the upper, lower, and middle parts of the body, as well as the circulation of fluids in these areas. Associated with discernment and acceptance. Muscles associated with this meridian are Teres Minor, Sartorius, Gracilis, Soleus, and the Gastrocnemius. Possible deficiencies or excess: Abdominal distension, edema, enuresis, deafness, tinnitus, swelling of the cheeks, congested and sore throat; and pain in the retroauricular region, shoulder, and lateral aspect of the arm and elbow. 23 Points (Each Side) ALARM CV-5 Location: 2 cun below the umbilicus, on the midline abdomen. TONIFICATION TH 3 Location: On the dorsal of hand between the 4th and 5th metacarpal bones, in a depression posterior to the metacarpo phalangeal joint. SEDATION TH-10 Location: 1 cun posterior and superior to the olecranon, in the depression made by flexing the elbow. ENTRY TH-1 Location: On the ulnar side of the ring finger, 0.1 cun posterior to corner of the nail. SOURCE TH-4 Location: In a depression of the transverse crease of dorsum of wrist between the extensor digitorurn communis and extenisor digitorum radialus. ASSOCIATED BL-22 Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the 1st lumbar vertebra. LUO TH-5 Location: 2 cun above the transverse crease of dorsum of wrist between the radius and the ulna. EXIT TH-23 Location: On the lateral border of the orbit at the lateral tip of the eyebrow. ACCUMULATION TH-7 Location: About 1 finger breath lateral to TH-6 on the radial side of the ulna. (TH-6 is 1 cun above TH-5 between the radius and ulna.) 25

26 WATER KIDNEY Water Element / Yin FOOT MINIMUM YIN JAPANESE: Jin Kei ABBREV: K or Ki CHINESE: Sheng Ching Active from: 5 7 p.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts on sole of foot, finishes at top of chest. Store Essence and Govern Birth, Growth, Reproduction, and Development. Produce Marrow, Fill up the Brain and Control the Bones. Govern Water. Controls the Two Lower Orifices. Controls the Reception of Qi. Opens Into the Ears. Manifests on the Hair of the Head. House of Will Power. Serves as the root of yin and yang for the entire body. Associated with spontaneity and independence. Muscles associated with this meridian are Psoas, Upper Traps, and the Iliacus. Possible deficiencies or excess: Enuresis, frequent urination, nocturnal emission, impotence, irregular menstruation, asthmatic breathing, dryness of the tongue, congested and sore throat, edema, pain in the lumbar region and in the posteriomedial aspect of the thigh, weakness of the lower limbs and heat sensation in the soles. 27 Points (Each Side) ALARM GB-25 Location: on the lateral side of the abdomen, at the lower border of the free end of the 12th rib. TONIFICATION K-7 Location: 2 cun above K-3, on the anterior border of the tendo-caleaneus. (K-3) Midway between the tip of medial malleolus and tendo calcaneus. SEDATION K-l or K-2 Location: (K-1) In the depression at the junction of anterior and middle third of the sole in a depression between the 2nd and 3rd metatarso-phalangeal joint when the toes are plantar flexed. (K-2) Anterior and inferior to the medal malleolus, in a depression at the anterior and inferior border of the navicular bone. ENTRY K-1 Location: In the depression at the junction of anterior and middle third of the sole in a depression between the 2 nd and 3 rd metatarso-phalangeal joint when the toes are plantar flexed. SOURCE K-3 Location: Midway between the tip of medial rnalleoius and tendo-calcaneus. ASSOCIATED BL-23 Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the 2nd lumbar vertebra. LUO K-4 Location: Inferior and anterior to medial malleolus, in the depression medial to the attachment to the tendo calcaneus, 0.5 cun slightly posteriorly below K-3 (See Source point) EXIT K-22 Location: In 5th intercostal space, 2 cun lateral to Ren Channel. ACCUMULATION K-6 Location: In the depression 1 cun directly below the inferior border of the medial malleolus.

27 WATER BLADDER / URINARY BLADDER Water Element / Yang FOOT MAXIMUM YANG ABBREVIATIONS: B,BL or UB JAPANESE: Bo Ko Kei CHINESE: P'ang Kuang Ching Active from: 3 5 p.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts at inside corner of eye, finishes in little toe. Store and excretes urine. Associated with risk-taking and an affirmation of life. Muscles associated with this meridian are Peroneus, Tibialis, and the Sacrospinalis. Possible deficiencies or excess: Retention of urine, enuresis, manic and depressive mental disorders, malaria, pain of the eyes, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, headache ; and pain in the nape, back, low back, buttocks and posterior aspect of the lower limbs. 67 Points (Each Side) ALARM CV-3 Location: 4 cun below the umbilicus, on the midline of the abdomen. TONIFICATION BL-67 Location: On the lateral side of the tip of the small toe, about 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail. SEDATION BL-65 Location: Posterior and inferior to the small head of the 5th metatarsal bone. ENTRY BL-1 Location: 0.1 cun lateral and superior to the inner canthus, near thc medial orbital border. SOURCE BL-64 Location: Below the tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal bone, at the junction of the "red and white" skin. ASSOCIATED BL-28 Location: Level of the 2nd posterior sacral foramen, 5 cun lateral to Du Mai, in the depression between the lower medial border of the posterior superior iliac spine and the sacrum. LUO BL-58 Location: 7 cun directly above BL-60, posterior to the external malleolus. (BL-60) Between the posterior border of the external malleolus and the medial aspect of tendo-calcaneous, at the same level as the tip of malleolus. EXIT BL-67 Location: On the lateral side of the tip of the small toe, about 0.1 cun posterior to the corner of the nail. ACCUMULATION BL-63 Location: Anterior and inferior to UB- 62, in the depression posterior to the tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal bone. (UB-62) directly below the tip of the external malleolus.

28 WOOD LIVER Wood Element / Yin FOOT EQUILIBRIUM YIN ABBREV: Liv, or LV JAPANESE: Kan Kei CHINESE: Kan Ching Active from: 1 3 a.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts in big toe, finishes on front of chest or below nipple. Stores Blood. Ensures the Smooth Flow of Qi. Controls the Sinews. Houses the Ethereal Soul. Manifests in the Nails. Opens Into the Eye. Associated with healthy change and exploration. Muscles associated with this meridian are Pect Major Sternal and the Rhomboids. Possible deficiencies or excess: Low back pain, fullness in the chest, pain in the lower abdomen, hernia, vertical headache, dryness of the throat, hiccups, enuresis, and mental disturbance. 14 Points (Each Side) ALARM LV-14 Location: On the mammillary line, directly below the nipple, in the intercostal space of the 6th and 7th ribs. TONIFICATION LV-5 Location: At the medial end of the transverse crease of the knee joint, in a depression at the anterior border of semimembranosus and semitendinosus. SEDATION LV-2 Location: 0.5 cun proximal to the margin of the web between 1st and 2nd toes. ENTRY LV-1 Location: On the lateral aspect of the dorsum of the terminal phalanx of the big toe, midway between the lateral corner of the nail and interphalangeal joint. SOURCE LV-3 Location: Between the 1st and 2nd toe, 2 cun proximal to the margin of the web. ASSOCIATED BL-18 Location: 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the spinous process of the 9th thoracic vertebra. LUO LV-5 Location: 5 cun superior to the medial malleolus, on the posterior border of the tibia. EXIT LV-14 Location: On the mammillary line, directly below the nipple, in the intercostal space of the 6th and 7th ribs. ACCUMULATION LV-6 Location: 7 cun superior to the tip of the medial malleolus, on the posterior border of the tibia. 28

29 WOOD GALLBLADDER Wood Element / Yang FOOT MINIMUM YANG JAPANESE: Tan Kei ABBREVIATIONS: G or GB CHINESE: Tan Ching Active from: 11 p.m. 1 a.m. / Inactive 12 hours later Starts at outside corner of eye, finishes in fourth toe. Stores and secretes bile, a fluid that aids in transforming food into energy. Controls the Sinews. Controls judgment. Associated with creativity and motivation. Muscles associated with this meridian are Anterior Deltoid and the Popliteus. Possible deficiencies or excess: Headache, pain in the jaw, blurring of vision, bitter taste in the mouth, swelling and pain in the supraclavicular fossa, pain in the axilla ; and pain along the lateral aspect of the chest, hypochondrium, thigh and lower limbs. 44 Points (Each Side) ALARM GB-24 Location: One rib directly below Liv-14, in the 7th intercostal space. (Liv-14) On the mammillary line, directly below the nipple, in the intercostal space of the 6th and 7th ribs. TONIFICATION GB-43 Location: On the cleft between the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones, 0.5 cun proximal to the margin of the web. SEDATION GB-38 Location: 4 cun above the tip of external malleolus, of the anterior border of the fibula. ENTRY GB-1 Location: 0.5 cun lateral to the outer canthus. SOURCE GB-40 Location: Anterior and inferior to the external malleolus, in the depression on the lateral side of the tendon of extensor digitorum longus. ASSOCIATED BL-19 Location: 1.5 cun above GB-20, on the lateral side of the occipital protuberance. LUO GB-37 Location: 5 cun above the tip of external malleolus, close to the anterior border of the fibula. EXIT GB-41 Location: In the depression anterior to the junction of the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones. ACCUMULATION GB-36 Location: Level and 1 cun posterior to GB-35, and posterior to the border of the fibula. 29

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31 EXTRA ASIAN MERIDIANS The two extra meridians that are more widely used are: Conception vessel and Governing vessel. They are not exteriorly - interiorly related. The extra meridians (Except DU and REN) share their points with other regular meridians. They do not differ from the twelve regular channels in that they pertains to any Zang or Fu organ, nor do they share an exterior-interior relationship between each other. Their main function is to regulate the circulation of qi and blood in the twelve regular channels. When these regular channels are overfull, excess qi and blood flow into the eight extra channels to be stored for later use. Ren / Conception vessel / Central vessel / Sea of Yin / Ren Mai Extra meridian / Yin JAPANESE: Nim Mayaku ABBREVIATIONS: CV CHINESE: Ren Mo Connects with all the yin channels of the body and is therefore known as the "sea of yin channels." In women, it is responsible for pregnancy and fetal nourishment. Starts at the Perineum and up front of midline to bottom of lip and chin. Works to circulate energy through all of the other 12 channels. Not associated with any element. EXTRA MERIDIAN: Treat at the level of trouble (midline). Known as the Sea of Yin, also called Ren Mai. Very effective in treatment of: sexual disorders (impotency), resuscitation, general body tonification, verdigo, asthma, and loss of voice. CV-6 Sea of procreativity (for those unable to conceive.) CV-9 Regulates water balance of the body. CV-15 Important for treatment of nervous tension and stress. Electronic techniques are very effective when used on the conception vessel. 24 Points. Of the 24 points on the conception vessel meridian, six are of extreme importance: CV-3 Location: 4 cun below the umbilicus, on the midline of the abdomen. CV-4 Location: 3 cun below the umbilicus, on the midline of the abdomen. CV-6 Location: 1.5 cun below the unbilicus, on the midline of the abdomen. CV-12 Location: Midpoint on a line connecting the xyphoid process with the umbilicus. CV-17 Location: Midway between the two nipples. CV-22 Location: At the center of the supra sternal fossa 0.5 cun above the sternal notch. 31

32 Du / Governing vessel Extra meridian / Yang JAPANESE: Toku Myaku ABBREVIATIONS: GV or DU CHINESE: Tu Mo Governs all the yang channels of the body, so it is known as the "sea of yang channels." Starts at the Tip of tailbone, up midline of back and over the heart to the upper lip. Works to circulate energy through all of the other 12 channels. Not associated with any element. EXTRA MERIDIAN: Treat at the level of trouble (midline). Governor vessel and conception vessel are two of the eight extra vessels. 28 Points. Of the 24 points on the conception vessel meridian, four are of extreme importance: GV-1 Location: Midway between the tip of the coccyx and the anus, located with the patient in prone or kneechest position. GV-14 Location: Between the 7th cervical vertebra and the spinous process of the 1st thoracic vertebra. GV-20 Location: 7 cun above the posterior hairline, midway on a line connecting the apex of both ears. GV-26 Location: In the midline at the junction of the upper and lower two-thirds of the upper lip. 32

33 Dai (Extra) Extra meridian / Yin Possesses the function of binding and restricting other channels Originates in the hypochondrium and goes around the waist as a girdle, performs a function of binding up all the meridians. Not associated with any element. Chong Extra meridian / Yang Regulates the circulation of qi and blood of the twelve regular channels, so it is known as the "sea of the twelve regular channels" and the "sea of blood." Runs parallel to the Kidney Meridian of Foot - Shaoyin up to the infra - orbital region. Meeting all the twelve regular meridians, it is termed the sea of the twelve regular meridians " or " the sea of blood. Its function is to reservoir the qi and blood of the twelve regular meridians. Not associated with any element. Yin qiao Extra meridian / Yin Function of controlling the movements of the lower limbs and eyelids. Starts in the medial aspect of the heel and merges into the meridian of Foot - Shaoyin to go upwards. Following their own courses, the two meridians meet each other at the inner canthus. Motion regulation of the lower limbs is their joint function. Not associated with any element. Yang qiao Extra meridian / Yang Regulates the movements of the lower limbs and eyelids. Starts in the lateral aspect of the heel and merges into the meridian of Foot - Taiyang to ascend. Not associated with any element. Yin wei Extra meridian / Yin Binds the six yin channels together and joins with the Ren channel. Connected with all the yin meridians and dominates the interior of the whole body. The two meridians regulate the low of qi in the yin and yang meridians, and help maintain coordination and equilibrium between the yin and yang meridians. Not associated with any element. Yang wei Extra meridian / Yang Connects with the six yang channels and communicates with the Du channel. Connected with all the yang meridians and dominates the exterior of the whole body. Not associated with any element. 33

34 34 Following are the six basic pulse qualities: 1. WEAK OR EMPTY PULSE= an empty pulse may feel rather big but soft. The pulse may be rather big but empty on slightly stronger pressure. This type of pulse signifies deficient chi. A weak pulse can also feel thin or thready which signifies deficient blood. 2. FULL PULSE= this pulse feels full, big, rather hard and long. If the pulse is ful and rapid it represent excess heat, if it is full and slow it indicates excess cold. 3. SLOW=COLD (less than four beats per complete respiration of the practitioner or less than 60 beats a minute) -- a slow and empty pulse indicates empty-cold from deficient yang; a slow and full pulse indicates full-cold from excess yin. 4. FAST=HEAT (more than 5 beats per respiration of the practitioner or 80 or more beats per minute) surface or floating=exterior or acute disease or in rarer cases, it will appear as floating for internal deficient conditions such as anemia, cancer or yin-wasting diseases. This pulse is felt with a light pressure of the fingers, just resting on the artery. 5. DEEP PULSE= This pulse requires a deeper pressure to discern. It must be felt with a heavy pressure of the fingers close to the bone. A deep and weak pulse indicates deficiency of chi and yang, a deep and full pulse indicates stagnation of chi or blood in the interior, or internal cold or heat. 6. FLOATING OR SUPERFICIAL PULSE= This is opposite of the previous. The pulse is felt with a light pressure of the fingers just resting on the artery. A floating pulse indicates a surface condition or in chronic disease, an exhaustion of the internal (yin) organs. A floating and fast pulse indicates surface heat while a floating, slow pulse indicates surface cold. Most often a floating pulse indicates a superficial acute condtion such as a cold, cough, or flu. If the pulse feels floating and slow one would prescribe warming and stimulating diaphoretics such as cayenne pepper or ginger for instance. If it is floating and fast, one might give relaxing diaphoretics such as lemon balm or catnip to relieve the external condition.

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36 Channels Underlying acupuncture theory is the concept that circulating in the body is a native energy, called "qi" by practitioners. That energy circulates in many cross-linked channels, eventually reaching every cell. Some of these channels carry much energy, some less, much as we have a road system in the U.S.A. that incorporates large-capacity super-highways and small gravel roads but which eventually reaches every home in the country. The ancient Chinese used the analogy of rivers, tributaries, irrigation channels, and reservoirs, rather than roads. This analogy incorporates the concept that there is a prevailing direction of energy flow (except for the reservoirs), as water flows downhill. Many people experience a feeling of energy flowing as a result of acupuncture. There are a large number of different channels. From the most superficial to the deepest, the types of channels include Cutaneous regions Minute collaterals Sinew channels Luo-connecting channels Primary channels Divergent channels Extraordinary channels Deep pathways of the primary and divergent channels(3) Minute and Superficial Collaterals - distributed all over the body, possessing the function of transporting qi and blood to the body surface. Cutaneous zones - the proportion of Qi and Blood in the meridians, intersection points, xi-cleft, the "antique points, yuan source and entry and exit points. Primary channels -also known as the 12 organ meridians. Divergents of yang - channels run up from the limbs and enter into the internal organs of the chest and abdominal regions. Most of them again emerge from the nape of the neck and rejoin the yang regular channels from whence they originally branched. Divergents of yin - regular channels separate from their primary channels and travel parallel to meet with and rejoin the yang channels to which they have an exterior-interior relationship. The main function of the twelve divergent channels is to strengthen the exterior-interior relationship of the twelve regular channels and so form closer ties between all parts of the body. 36

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