Pathophysiology of inherited kidney disorders: lessons from the zebrafish

Transcription

1 Pathophysiology of inherited kidney disorders: lessons from the zebrafish Francisco J. Arjona Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Radboud university medical center Nijmegen, The Netherlands

2 Flow-chart for genetic etiology of kidney disease Clinic Diagnostics Research Electrolyte disturbances in plasma Renal wasting Kidney stones Kidney cysts Movement disorders Seizures Cardiovascular disorders Family clinical history Sanger sequencing List with potential candidates Type and location of mutation in the gene(s) Recurrence in family members Function in vitro Function in vivo

3 Advantages of the zebrafish Low cost Low genome conservation Invertebrate Malpigian tubules Fast transient reverse genetic approaches Feasibility and affordability of large scale screenings Low cost High genome conservation, good annotation Vertebrate Similar kidney anatomy Fast transient reverse genetic approaches Feasibility and affordability of large scale screenings Renal disorders High cost Very high genome conservation Vertebrate Equal kidney anatomy Slow transient reverse genetic approaches Lack of feasibility and affordability of large scale screenings

4 Genome: we are not that different Ray-finned fish (including zebrafish) Amphibians Mammals (including humans) Reptiles More than 200 mya More than 400 mya More than 350 mya The common ancestor of fish and humans Humans GENE Zebrafish Gene a Gene b

5 Kidney: we are not that different Wingert et al., 2007 For movie requests, please send an to Dorsal aorta Cardinal vein

6 Kidney: we are not that different slc20a1 PCT PST DE DL trpm7 slc12a1 slc12a3 gata3 slc20a1 trpm7 slc12a1 slc12a3 PD gata3 Wingert et al., 2007

7 Kidney: where is the CNT? Water TAL DCT CNT PT Circulation

8 Modeling inherited renal disease: loss of function Translation Blocking Morpholinos Ribosomal Initiation Complex RIC AUG MO mrna Splicing Blocking Morpholinos E1 MO I1 E2 I2 E3 MO CTRL E1 E3 E1 E2 E3

9 Modeling inherited renal disease: loss of function

10 Modeling inherited renal disease: loss of function

11 Modeling inherited renal disease: loss of function

12 Modeling inherited renal disease: loss of function Research on kidney function Morpholino activity Onset of glomerular filtration Full maturation Functional kidney (pronephros) Kidney (pronephric) development Time (hours post-fertilization)

13 Mg (µg Mg/mg protein) Modeling inherited electrolyte disturbances in kidney Mg (µg Mg/mg protein) cnnm2a-mo (ng/embryo) cnnm2b-mo (ng/embryo)

14 Mg (µg Mg/mg protein) Modeling inherited electrolyte disturbances in kidney Mg (µg Mg/mg protein) CNNM2 NCC merge PCT cnnm2a-mo PST DE (ng/embryo) DL PD Slc12a3 (NCC) PCT cnnm2b-mo PST (ng/embryo) DE DL PD Wild type/control cnnm2 morphant

15 Modeling inherited renal failure PCT PST DE DL PD

16 Modeling inherited renal failure

17 Fluorescence Modeling inherited renal failure - + Morphants Controls Time (hours post-injection) + + +

18 Movement disorders, cardiac arrythmias Control Morphant

19 Movement disorders, cardiac arrythmias Control Control Morphant Morphant Time For movie requests, please send an to

20 Establishing the function of the mutation MO Gene function MO + human mrna Equivalency zebrafish vs humans Validation MO + mutant mrna Function of the human mutation

21 Establishing the function of the mutation: CNNM2 Is hypomagnesemia in the patient caused by disturbances in renal Mg 2+ reabsorption due to the CNNM2 mutation? Genetics Hypomagnesemia CNNM2 mutations p.glu357lys 4 2 0

22 Closing the cycle Genetics Function of mutation, pathophysiology Therapy

23 New challenges: let s move to adults (fine-tuning) Morpholino Knockout CRISPR/Cas9 Transient loss-function Test of the function of the human mutation Renal electrolyte transport Glomerular function Renal flow Large scale screening of gene candidates Large scale screening of therapeutical options KO fish ENU 45% genes mutated For selected gene candidate from morpholino studies Fine tuning of therapeutical options Regulation of other genes in specific organs Targeted genome editing For selected gene candidate from morpholino studies Fine tuning of therapeutical options Regulation of other genes in specific organs

24 Thanks for your attention