DAFTAR PUSTAKA. 1. Amirudin R. Fibrosis Hati dalam Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Hati. 1st ed.

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1 DAFTAR PUSTAKA 1. Amirudin R. Fibrosis Hati dalam Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Hati. 1st ed. Jakarta: Jayabadi; Guyton A, Hall J. Buku Ajar Fisiologi Kedokteran. 9th ed. New york: Guyton dan Hall; Jemal A, BRAY F, Melissa M, Parkin D, Ferlay J, Ward E, et al. Global Cancer Statistics. A Cancer J Clin. 2011; Sulaiman A, Lesmana N. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Hati. Jakarta: Jayabadi; Marrer W. Orthorectifying Historical Imagery Using the Rational Function Model. University of Redlands; Hirlan. Gastroenterohepatology : From Theory to Clinical Practice. Semarang: Univeristas Dipenogoro; Feldman B. Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 9th ed. Elsevier S, editor. Canada; Rilling W, Drooz A. Carcinoma, Multidisciplinary management of hepatocellular. Radiol JVI, editor Mor E, Kaspa R, Sheiner P. Treatment of hepatocelluker carcinoma associated witch cirrhosis in the era of liver transplantation. 1998; Kew MC. Hepatocelluler carcinoma: Epidemology and riskfactor. J Hepatocelluler Carcinoma. 2014; LaBrecque D, Friedman L, KR M, Grendell J. Current Diagnosis & Treatment in Gastroenterology. Singapore: McGraw-Hill Education;

2 Sherman M. Principles and Practice of Gastrointestinal Oncology. Kelsen D, Daly J, B L, Tepper J, editors. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Business; Caldwell S. The epidemiology of hepatocelullar cancer : from the perspectives of public health problem to tumor biology. Gastroenterology. 2009; N I, Wanda J. The increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Med, N Engl J; El-Serag H, Mason A. Rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. United States: N Engl J med; Heintges T, Wands J. Hepatitis C virus: epidemiology and transmission. 1997;26: Sherlock S, Dooley J. Disease of the Liver and Biliary System. London: Blackwell Scientific Publications; Nurdjanah S. Sirosis Hati. In: Sudoyo A, Setiyohadi B, Alwi I, Simadibratam M, Setiati S, editors. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam. Jakarta: Interna Publishing; Teufel A, Weinman A. Hepatocellular Carcinoma in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2009;15: Kamel I, Bluemke D. Imaging evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma. 2002;13: Saffroy R, Lemoine A, Debuire B. Mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis. In: Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology.

3 Bertino G, Carlo D, Ardiri A, Calvagno G, MalaguarneramG. Systemic therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma. Futrue oncol. 2013;10: Xu H, Yun-PengLiu, Guleng B, Ren J-L. Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Interventions. Gastrointest Tumors. 2014;1: Chien R, Hsu Y, Yeh C, Sheen I, Chu C. Long-term outcome after spontaneous HbeAG seronversion in patients witch chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology. 2002;35: Wu C, Salvay D, Forgues M, Valerie K, Farnworth J, Markin R. Distinctive gen expression profiles associated with Hepatitis B virus x protein. Oncogone. 2001;20: Schafer D, Sorrel M. Hepatocellular Carcinoma. 1999;353: Murray-lyon. Primary and secondary cancer of the liver. In: JC G, editor. Carcinoma of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas. London: Edward Arnold; Okuda K. Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J H, editor. 2000;32: Attali P, Houssin D, Roche A, Buffet C, Bismuth H, Etienne J. Hepatic arterial embolization for malignant hypercalcemia in hepatocelluler carcinoma. 2002;29: Minshan C, Yaqi Z. Karsinoma Hati Primer. 2nd ed. Desen W, editor. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; Park Y. Update on precursor and early lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma.

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5 63 LAMPIRAN 1 OUTPUT SPSS Frequencies Frequency Table Valid Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Daerah Valid Batang Blora Boyolali Brebes Demak Grobogan Jakarta Jepara Kendal Kudus Magelang Pati Pekalongan Pemalang Rembang Semarang Tegal Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

6 64 Valid Laki-laki Perempuan Jenis kelamin Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid Bekerja Tidak bekerja Pekerjaan Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Koma hepatikum Valid Ada Tidak ada Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Performance Valid PC SC IC Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

7 65 Valid Ada Tidak ada Trombus Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid Tidak ada Ringan Berat Asites Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid Single Multiple Nodul Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent CP Valid A B C Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

8 66 Valid A B C D BCLC Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Case Summaries Umur Bilirubin Albumin PPT PPT kontrol PPT selisih Kadar AFP N Mean Std. Deviation Median Minimum Maximum

9 67 Crosstabs Jenis kelamin * Crosstab Jenis kelamin Laki-laki Perempuan % 91.7% 81.6% % 8.3% 18.4% % 100.0% 100.0% Chi-Square Tests Pearson Chi-Square Continuity Correction a Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Asymp. Sig. Value df (2-sided) b a. Computed only for a 2x2 table Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided) b. 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is

10 68 Pekerjaan * Crosstab Pekerjaan Bekerja Tidak bekerja % 62.5% 68.9% % 37.5% 31.1% % 100.0% 100.0% Chi-Square Tests Pearson Chi-Square Continuity Correction a Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Asymp. Sig. Value df (2-sided).604 b a. Computed only for a 2x2 table Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided) b. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is

11 69 Koma hepatikum * Crosstab Koma hepatikum Ada Tidak ada %.0% 3.9% % 100.0% 96.1% % 100.0% 100.0% Chi-Square Tests Pearson Chi-Square Continuity Correction a Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Asymp. Sig. Value df (2-sided) b a. Computed only for a 2x2 table Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided) b. 2 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is. 93.

12 70 Performance * Crosstab Performance PC SC IC % 41.7% 38.8% % 20.8% 24.3% % 37.5% 36.9% % 100.0% 100.0% Chi-Square Tests Pearson Chi-Square Likelihood Ratio Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Asymp. Sig. Value df (2-sided).220 a a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 5.83.

13 71 Trombus * Crosstab Trombus Ada Tidak ada % 37.5% 38.8% % 62.5% 61.2% % 100.0% 100.0% Chi-Square Tests Pearson Chi-Square Continuity Correction a Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Asymp. Sig. Value df (2-sided).023 b a. Computed only for a 2x2 table Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided) b. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is

14 72 Asites * Crosstab Asites Tidak ada Ringan Berat % 29.2% 33.0% % 12.5% 12.6% % 58.3% 54.4% % 100.0% 100.0% Chi-Square Tests Pearson Chi-Square Likelihood Ratio Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Asymp. Sig. Value df (2-sided).231 a a. 1 cells (16.7%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3.03.

15 73 Nodul * Crosstab Nodul Single Multiple % 8.3% 8.7% % 91.7% 91.3% % 100.0% 100.0% Pearson Chi-Square Continuity Correction a Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Chi-Square Tests Asymp. Sig. Value df (2-sided).006 b a. Computed only for a 2x2 table Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided) b. 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is

16 74 Explore Case Summaries N Mean Std. Deviation Median Minimum Maximum N Mean Std. Deviation Median Minimum Maximum N Mean Std. Deviation Median Minimum Maximum Umur Bilirubin Albumin

17 75 Case Summaries N Mean Std. Deviation Median Minimum Maximum N Mean Std. Deviation Median Minimum Maximum N Mean Std. Deviation Median Minimum Maximum PPT PPT kontrol PPT selisih Tests of Normality Umur Bilirubin Albumin PPT PPT kontrol PPT selisih *. This is a lower bound of the true significance. a. Lilliefors Significance Correction Kolmogorov-Smirnov a Shapiro-Wilk Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig * * * * *

18 76 Umur Bilirubin

19 77 Albumin PPT

20 78 PPT kontrol PPT selisih T-Test Umur Group Statistics Std. Error N Mean Std. Deviation Mean

21 79 Levene's Test for Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference Std. Error Difference Independent Samples Test Umur Equal variances Equal variances assumed not assumed % Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper NPar Tests Mann-Whitney Test Bilirubin Ranks N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks Test Statistics a Bilirubin Mann-Whitney U Wilcoxon W Z Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed).806 a. Grouping Variable:

22 80 T-Test Albumin Group Statistics Std. Error N Mean Std. Deviation Mean Independent Samples Test Levene's Test for Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means NPar Tests F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference Std. Error Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper Albumin Equal variances Equal variances assumed not assumed Mann-Whitney Test PPT PPT kontrol PPT selisih Ranks N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks

23 81 Crosstabs * CP Crosstab Tempat tinggal % within CP % within CP % within CP CP A B C % 74.1% 77.1% 76.7% % 25.9% 22.9% 23.3% % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Pearson Chi-Square Likelihood Ratio Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Chi-Square Tests Asymp. Sig. Value df (2-sided).849 a a. 1 cells (16.7%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3.26.

24 82 * BCLC Crosstab Tempat tinggal % within BCLC % within BCLC % within BCLC BCLC A B C D % 75.6% 71.4% 76.5% 76.7% % 24.4% 28.6% 23.5% 23.3% % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Pearson Chi-Square Likelihood Ratio Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Chi-Square Tests Asymp. Sig. Value df (2-sided) a a. 2 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is Explore Case Summaries Kadar AFP N Mean Std. Deviation Median Minimum Maximum

25 83 Kadar AFP Tests of Normality a. Lilliefors Significance Correction Shapiro-Wilk Statistic df Sig Kadar AFP

26 84 NPar Tests Mann-Whitney Test Kadar AFP Ranks N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks Test Statistics a Kadar AFP Mann-Whitney U Wilcoxon W Z Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed).080 a. Grouping Variable:

27 85 Kadar AFP * Crosstabulation Kadar AFP < > % 40.0% 22.2% % 10.0% 5.6% % 50.0% 72.2% % 100.0% 100.0% Chi-Square Tests Pearson Chi-Square Likelihood Ratio Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Asymp. Sig. Value df (2-sided) a a. 3 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is NPar Tests Two-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test Frequencies Kadar AFP N

28 86 Test Statistics a Most Extreme Differences Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) Absolute Positive Negative a. Grouping Variable: Kadar AFP

29 LAMPIRAN 2 87

30 Lampiran 3 88

31 89 LAMPIRAN 4 NO CM ALAMAT Daerah UMUR KELAMIN Kadar AFP CP SKOR CP BCLC C Demak 57 L >400 C 10 D C Demak 51 L 26,79 B 7 B C Boyolali 52 P >400 B 7 B C Jepara 32 L >400 B 9 B C Grobogan 42 L 16,8 C 12 D C Demak 51 L Tidak ada C 12 D C Demak 44 L >400 B 7 B C Grobogan 39 L Tidak ada B 8 C C Grobogan 60 L 69,3 A 6 A C Blora 47 L Tidak ada C 10 D C Grobogan 70 L >400 B 9 B C Magelang 32 L <0,50 C 10 D C Semarang 18 L >400 C 12 D C Semarang 74 L Tidak ada B 8 B C Pekalongan 46 L Tidak ada A 6 B C Demak 45 L 188,39 B 9 B C Brebes 44 P Tidak ada B 7 C C Demak 52 L >400 B 9 B C Jepara 61 P Tidak ada A 5 A C Kendal 39 L >400 B 7 B C Jakarta 26 L Tidak ada C 11 D C Kendal 46 L >400 A 5 A C Banyumanik 72 L 36,77 B 8 B C Demak 48 L Tidak ada C 10 D C Demak 51 L Tidak ada B 8 B C Semarang 54 P Tidak ada C 13 D C Brebes 27 L Tidak ada C 12 D C Demak 36 L Tidak ada A 6 B C Semarang 56 L Tidak ada B 8 B C Semarang 51 L Tidak ada C 10 D Jepara 59 L >400 B 7 B C Pemalang 35 L >400 C 11 D C Grobogan 47 L Tidak ada C 12 D C Demak 26 L 374,07 B 9 B C Semarang 52 L 300,38 B 7 B C Grobogan 68 L Tidak ada B 9 B C Semarang 42 L Tidak ada B 7 B C Semarang 52 L 45,60 B 9 C C Demak 28 P Tidak ada B 7 B

32 C Demak 40 L >400 B 7 B C Demak 56 L Tidak ada C 12 D C Brebes 54 L >400 B 7 C C Rembang 38 L Tidak ada B 8 B C Pemalang 51 L >400 C 10 D C Grobogan 48 L Tidak ada B 9 C C Demak 35 L >400 B 7 B C Jepara 50 P Tidak ada C 12 D C Semarang 53 L >400 C 10 D C Jepara 42 L Tidak ada B 8 B C Pemalang 65 L 1,48 B 8 B C Kendal 23 L >400 B 7 C C Blora 48 P Tidak ada A 5 A C Rembang 53 P Tidak ada C 10 D C Demak 33 L >400 B 9 B C Grobogan 46 L >400 A 6 C C Jepara 45 L >400 B 7 C C Pekalongan 42 L Tidak ada B 8 B C Demak 59 L 0,88 B 8 B C Semarang 65 L Tidak ada B 9 C C Semarang 65 L Tidak ada C 11 D C Pemalang 37 P >400 C 10 D C Semarang 32 L Tidak ada B 8 C C Rembang 38 L 1,59 B 9 B C Demak 28 P Tidak ada C 10 D C Kendal 33 P >400 A 5 A C Demak 55 L >400 C 5 C C Tegal 59 L >400 B 8 C C Semarang 47 L Tidak ada B 9 B C Brebes 72 L >400 B 9 B C Grobogan 53 L >400 C 11 D C Kudus 55 L >400 C 11 D C Brebes 45 L >400 A 6 C C Blora 58 L Tidak ada B 8 B C Demak 44 P Tidak ada C 10 D C Demak 15 P >400 A 5 A C Pemalang 39 L Tidak ada B 9 C C Kudus 39 P Tidak ada A 5 A C Semarang 59 P >400 C 11 D C Rembang 36 L Tidak ada B 9 C C Grobogan 43 L 12,01 B 8 C C Grobogan 48 L >400 B 7 B 90

33 C Pati 30 P >400 C 10 D C Demak 49 L >400 C 12 D C Grobogan 45 L >400 C 12 D C Rembang 66 L >400 C 11 D C Brebes 29 L Tidak ada C 12 D C Brebes 64 L Tidak ada C 10 D C Demak 20 L Tidak ada A 6 B C Tegal 46 L Tidak ada B 9 B C Grobogan 49 L >400 B 9 B C Batang 76 L Tidak ada B 7 B C Demak 43 L 392,22 B 8 C C Kudus 50 P Tidak ada A 6 B C Kendal 39 L Tidak ada C 10 D C Kendal 48 L Tidak ada B 7 B C Kendal 67 L Tidak ada B 8 C C Semarang 54 L 2,01 B 7 B C Semarang 42 L Tidak ada B 9 C C Grobogan 61 P Tidak ada C 10 D C Semarang 44 L >400 A 6 C C Brebes 30 L Tidak ada C 12 D C Pati 57 L >400 B 9 B C Grobogan 61 L >400 B 8 C 91

34 92 BIODATA Identitas Nama : Muhammad Nadhim R P NIM : Tempat/Tanggal lahir : Jombang, 16 Desember1994 Jenis Kelamin : Laki-laki Alamat : Jalan Gombel Permai III 78 Semarang Nomor HP : nadhimrizka@yahoo.co.id Riwayat Pendidikan Formal 1. SD : SD Islam Hidayatullah Semarang Lulus Tahun: SMP : SMP Negeri 21 Semarang Lulus Tahun: SMA : SMA Negeri 4 Semarang Lulus Tahun: FK UNDIP : Masuk Tahun: 2012