Diet, Digestive Health & Autoimmune Disease

Transcription

1 Diet, Digestive Health & Autoimmune Disease Brad Leech (BHSc Nut Med, Adv Dip Ayur) Clinical Nutritionist, Ayurvedic Herbalist and Researcher into Autoimmune Disease

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3 Risk Factors of Autoimmune Disease Genetics (30%) & environmental factors (70%) Environmental factors: chemical exposure, previous infection (bacteria), high viral load (EBV), molds, diet, heavy metals (aluminum hydroxide, mercury), hormones, emotional stress, smoking, medications (Campbell, 2014). These environmental factors influence many aspects of human health including digestive health.

4 Autoimmune Disease & Links to Digestive Health Autoimmune Contributing Factors Reference Disease Coeliac Disease Dysbiosis, IP, intestinal inflammation (Marasco et al. 2016), (Fasano 2012), (Green, Lebwohl & Greywoode 2015) Crohn s Disease Dysbiosis, IP, intestinal inflammation (Gevers 2015) (Yacyshyn & Meddings 1995), (Marlow et al. 2013) Grave s Disease Reduced gastric secretions, IP (Wiebolt et al. 2011) Hashimoto s Disease Dysbiosis, reduced gastric secretions, IP, intestinal inflammation (Xu et al. 2015) (Wiebolt et al. 2011) (Cindoruk et al. 2002) Multiple Sclerosis Dysbiosis, IP (Miyake et al. 2015), (Nouri et al. 2014) Rheumatoid Arthritis Dysbiosis, reduced gastric secretions, IP, intestinal inflammation (Peltonen et al. 1997) (Ebert & Hagspiel 2011) (Pineda et al. 2011) Type 1 Diabetes Dysbiosis, IP (Giongo et al. 2011), (Kuitunen et al. Ulcerative Colitis Dysbiosis, IP, intestinal inflammation (Schmitz et al. 1999) (Frank et al. 2007) 2002)

5 The Interplay between Autoimmune Disease & Modifiable Risk Factors

6 Dysbiosis Dysbiosis falls into 3 main categories: 1. Loss of beneficial microbial organisms 2. Expansion of potentially harmful microbial organisms 3. Reduced biodiversity (Petersen & Round 2014) trillion human cells VS 100 trillion bacteria cells 500 different species and 150 fold more genetic material than human genes (Balzola et al. 2010). Decrease gene richness within the gut = low grade inflammation and obesity (Cotillard et al. 2013). 70% of the bacteria within the gut can not be isolated through laboratory methods (Campbell, 2014).

7 Factors that cause Dysbiosis Emulsifier agents (E433, E466) -Reduced diversity= inflammation and metabolic syndrome (Chassaing et al, 2015). Diet - Alcohol, saturated fats, high protein/low fiber Glyphosate - Watch What s with wheat (Samsel et al, 2013). No appendix -Reduced diversity and reserve

8 Intestinal Permeability

9 Intestinal Permeability Does intestinal permeability cause disease or does the disease cause intestinal permeability? - Intestinal permeability precedes the onset of autoimmune disease (Visser at al. 2009). Inducing intestinal permeability increases disease severity (Karl et al. 2017). Correcting intestinal permeability reduces clinical signs and symptoms of disease (Leffler et al. 2015).

10 Factors That Cause Intestinal Permeability Dysbiosis and inflammation Acoustic stress - Who is most at risk? Ear plugs? Strenuous exercise: Bikram yoga? Running? - Change in tight junction proteins. - Saccharomyces boulardii, probiotics, arginine. Nutrient deficiencies -Vitamin D, zinc, glutamine Medications - Antibiotics, NSAIDs, aspirin, prednisone. (Bischoff et al. 2014; Elamin et al. 2014; Lamprecht et al. 2012; Hietbrink et al. 2009; Samsel and Seneff 2013; Kerckhoffs et al. 2010; Finamore et al. 2008)

11 Intestinal Permeability

12 Intestinal Permeability Intestinal permeability is seen in autoimmune disease ( %), liver conditions (17-65%), autism ( %) VS 4-6% in healthy individuals. Disease severity and clinical symptoms directly correlate with IP. The severity of IP appears to be exacerbated by dysbiosis, inflammation and glucose metabolism disorders. Amending dysbiosis, inflammation and glucose metabolism may reduce IP and thereby disease severity

13 Immune Dysregulation Molecular Mimicry

14 Inflammation Autoimmune disease is characterised by elevated inflammatory cytokine activity that can consequently exacerbate autoimmune disease progression. Intestinal inflammation may impair both the commensal and pathogenic bacteria, resulting in dysbiosis (Stecher & Hardt 2008) Find the cause of the inflammation. - Epigenetic? Cellular fatty acid ratio?

15 Adverse Childhood Experiences Study Treat the Cause. Two or more ACEs = 100% more likely to be diagnosed with a autoimmune disease (Dube et al. 2009). Evidence as strong as smoking and lung cancer. Maltreatment in the first 10y of life > insufficient glucocorticoid signaling > inflammation in adulthood > DISEASE (Danese et al. 2007). 10% of low-grade inflammation is caused by childhood maltreatment.

16 Cell Membrane Fatty Acid Profile 20:1 2:1

17 Research On Arachidonic Acid Higher cellular AA levels = greater inflammation release. Higher cellular AA levels = greater risk of developing autoimmune disease (de Silva et al. 2010). Reducing the substrate (arachidonic acid), reduces the severity of inflammation (Bleau et al. 2014). How much arachidonic acid can we consume?

18 Arachidonic Acid Content Food Items Arachidonic Acid in 100g 90 mg of Arachidonic Acid Chicken Egg 156mg 57.7g Turkey (no skin) 120mg 75.0g Goat shoulder 109mg 82.6g Lamb loin chop 84mg 107.1g Chicken (no skin) 80mg 112.5g Pork (with fat) 80mg 112.5g Lamb Australian 69mg 130.4g Goat leg 65mg 138.5g Cow's Milk 60mg 150.0g Pork loin (no fat) 60mg 150.0g Beef Copyright rib Brad eye Leech 46mg 195.7g

19 Diet Microbiome Intestinal integrity Immune regulation Cellular Antiinflammatory Paleo Mediterranean Gluten-free Vegan Anti-inflammatory Vegan & gluten-free YES YES YES NO YES NO NO YES NO YES YES NO YES NO NO YES YES NO NO YES YES YES YES YES

20 Clinical Recommendations Limiting arachidonic acid to 90mg daily (150g) Omega 3 supplementation Avoid gluten Vitamin D - Sun activated mushrooms, D Minder Pro. 6 Brazil nuts everyday Consume bitter foods to stimulate the vagus nerve. -Rocket, dandelion leaves etc. Eat anti-inflammatory foods: organic berries, fatty fish, herbs like turmeric and ginger.

21 Summary Diet, Digestive Health & Autoimmune Disease

22 Questions? Brad Leech (BHSc Nut Med, Adv Dip Ayur) For more information about consultations (Sunshine Coast or via Skype) and up coming events visit