Upper Endoscopic Findings in Children with Recurrent Abdominal Pain: High Prevalence of Hiatus Hernia
|
|
- Brent Bryan
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Original Article Iran J Pediatr Sep 2012; Vol 22 (No 3), Pp: Upper Endoscopic Findings in Children with Recurrent Abdominal Pain: High Prevalence of Hiatus Hernia Farzaneh Motamed 1,2, MD; Sayna Norouzi *2, MD; Mehri Najafi 1,2,3, MD; Ahmad Khodadad 1,2,3, MD; Fatemeh Farahmand 1,2, MD; Sara Mossahebi 2, MD, and Giv Heidari-Bateni 2, MD 1. Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran 3. Growth and Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Received: Apr 25, 2012; Final Revision: Jan 12, 2012; Accepted: Feb 16, 2012 Abstract Objective: Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) by itself is one of the common reasons in child-aged patients to refer to a clinician. Some of these patients are presented with more serious features, so-called the red flag. The most important issue in management of RAP is to distinguish the type of it, whether it is functional or organic. In this study we aimed to assess the redundancy of red-flagged RAP with findings of esophago-gastrodeudonoscopy. Methods: In a 2 year prospective study 150 consecutive children with RAP who showed red flags underwent esophago-gastro-deudonoscopy. The prevalence of each finding was recorded. Overall positive predictive value of predicting an endoscopic finding while having a red-flag was calculated. Findings: Among all the patients, 126 cases showed at least a positive finding in their endoscopy that corresponded to the positive predictive value of 84% for predicting the presence of an endoscopic finding according to red flags. Interestingly, 20% of patients showed hiatus hernia when surveyed. Conclusion: Comprehensive physical examination is needed to avoid performing esophago-gastrodeudonoscopy without indication in patients with recurrent abdominal pain. Iranian Journal of Pediatrics, Volume 22 (Number 3), September 2012, Pages: Key Words: Recurrent Abdominal Pain; Esophago-Gastro-Deudonoscopy; Hiatus Hernia; Children Introduction Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP), refer s to episodes of abdominal pain which is severe enough to implicate the daily activity of a child. It is demonstrated by three or more bouts in at least a three-month period [1]. Making the appropriate decision about the functional or organic etiology of the pain could be the most challenging task for a clinician. Before the introduction of esophago-gastroduodonoscopy (EGD), the majority of RAPs had been categorized as functional pain with psychogenic sources [2]. However, after the advent of pediatric EGD in 1970s, organic etiologies gradually became more prominent and reached to greater proportions. Nowadays, they are responsible for something less than 10% to as much as 50% of RAPs [3]. Although EGD helps gastroenterologist to * Corresponding Author; Address: Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children s Medical Center, No 62, Dr Gharib St, 14194, Tehran, Iran sayna.norouzi@yahoo.com 2012 by Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, All rights reserved.
2 310 Recurrent Abdominal Pain; F Motamed, et al clinically differentiate serious organic insults from those of nonspecific non-organic etiologies, its routine application as a diagnostic modality for children suffering RAP is still of controversy [4-6] Nowadays, a practical approach to distinguish patients who need further evaluation, like EGD, from those with less serious conditions is the socalled red flags criterion. This criterion is based just on simple but precise physical and laboratory examinations which finally lead to application of EGD. In this study we aimed to assess the prevalence of various EGD findings in red flagged children suffering RAP. Meanwhile, the positive predictive value of the criteria is evaluated. Subjects and Methods In a 2-year prospective study starting from April 2007, any child who was aged between 4 to 16 years old attending the pediatric gastroenterology clinic presented with red-flagged RAP underwent EGD. Here, RAP was defined as at least three episodes of abdominal pain severe enough to affect their activity in a three-month period [1]. In order to truly detect RAP cases, we took a complete medical history, with a specific focus on the pattern and temporality of abdominal pains, and children s quality of life. Subsequently, a comprehensive physical examination was performed with regard to developmental and psychomental milestones. All the process of physical examination was done by a single physician. Further evaluations were as follows; complete blood count (CBC), urine analysis (U/A), urine culture (U/C), stool examination (S/E) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Children were categorized as having red flags if they had any of the following listed findings: anemia, high ESR, GI bleeding, failure to thrive (FTT), persistent vomiting, severe weight loss and local tenderness in epigastric zone. Those with complaints of frequent awakening due to distressing abdominal pain were also included for upper endoscopy. Patients with a palpable mass in physical examination, those who were responsive to an H2 blocker trial, those whose pains seemed to be related to psychogenic etiology with regard to the history and physical examination, those with hepatobilliary involvements and patients without red flags who responded to lactose-free regimen were excluded from the study. Before performing upper GI endoscopy, written consents were obtained from parents or patients, whenever appropriate, and all the study protocol was approved by the hospital's ethics committee. Patients fasted for a minimum of 4 to 6 hours prior to the procedure and all the EGDs were performed using 7.8 Olympus CLV-U40 and CV- 230 with a television set after administrating midazolam with a dosage of 0.1 ml/kg. Findings were registered and descriptive statistics were obtained. The positive predictive value was defined as the proportion of patients with EGD findings among individuals who were positive for red flags. Findings The study population consisted of 150 patients of whom 74% were below 10 years old. The indications for EGD is listed in Table 1; as shown, anemia and FTT were the most common causes. Among all the patients, 84% showed a positive finding in upper GI endoscopy which are presented in Table 2. Value of 84% corresponds to the positive predictive value of the red flag criteria to predict a positive EGD finding among children with RAP. As listed in Table 2, esophagitis was the most prevalent (40%) finding reported in EGD. Here, a considerable finding is the high rate of hiatus hernia among our patients which accounts for 20% of them. It should be noted that, some patients had more than one abnormal finding in their EGD. In our study EGD was performed without any major complications except for sore throat that was self limited.
3 Iran J Pediatr; Vol 22 (No 3); Sep Table 1: Indication of esophago-gastro-duodonoscopy in our population study Variable (Indications of EGD) Number (%) Elevated ESR 15 (10) Anemia 45 (30) Episodes of awakening pains 6 (4) Weight loss 12(8) Episode of Gastrointestinal bleeding 27(18) Failure to thrive 3(20) Localized tenderness 15(10) EGD= Esophago-Gastro-Deudonoscopy, ESR= Erythrocytes Sedimentation Rate Discussion In this study, 150 EGDs were performed in redflagged children with RAP to find out the etiology of their complaints. We found abnormal findings in 84% of patients and the most prevalent (40%) endoscopic finding in the current study was esophagitis. RAP is a daily activity affecting pain which occurs at least in three episodes within a 3-month period [7] and is divided into two groups: organic and non-organic pain. According to the literature non-organic pain is usually characterized by midline abdominal pain which does not awaken the patient from sleep. The patient feels good between the episodes while the lab data is completely normal [1,4]. Regarding the high prevalence of abdominal pain complaints and increasing the application of EGD in diagnosis of the etiology, finding precise indications for performing EGD in children with RAP seems mandatory. Nowadays a popular approach for assessing RAP is performing upper GI endoscopy just for those who have red flags [5,6]. Application of upper GI endoscopy in all patients suffering from RAP, has been shown to have a sensitivity of only 30% to 58.5% for detecting an upper GI abnormality [4,7,8] and it is not clear yet if this approach is cost benefit or not. Normal findings in our study were 16% compared with studies performed in Ghana (41.1%), Kuwait (32%) and Kathmandu (66%). We hypothesize that the differences in rates might be in part because of the precision of physicians in nominating patients as having red flag. For example, in the study performed in Kathmandu all the RAP patients were selected for EGD [9-11]. The most prevalent findings in our survey were esophagitis. The rate of esophagitis was in the range of the two previously reported studies in the Middle East (31.2% -82%) [12,13]. However, our finding was in favor of the lower range. Conversely, the rate of esophagitis was quite different from the reported rates in African studies in which gastritis (25.8%) and duodenal ulcers (14.8%) account for the most prevalent abnormal findings [9,14]. Surprisingly, gastric and duodenal ulcer were Table2: Findings of esophago-gastro-deudonoscopy in patients identified as having red-flags Finding Normal Hiatal hernia Different grades of esophagitis Esophagial erosion Gastric erythema Nodular gastritis Gastric ulcer Deudonal ulcer * Some patients showed more than one finding Number of patients (%) * 24(16) 30(20) 60(40) 39(26) 51(34) 45(30) 9(6) 3(2)
4 312 Recurrent Abdominal Pain; F Motamed, et al the less common EGD findings in our study (2% and 6% respectively). This is in contrast to the high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori, one of the presumptive etiologies of upper GI ulcers in Iran [15,16]. Our rate of prevalence for duodenal ulcer is similar to Scandinavian study (3.7%) but different from studies in Uganda (14.8%) and Kathmandu (13%) [4,9]. The same was achieved for gastric ulcer [9,11]. According to our findings, it seems that geographic variations, whether due to genetic differences or socio-economic status, could play an important role in variable prevalence of endoscopic findings. Another clue for this conclusion is the rate of hiatus hernia among Iranian children (20%) which was also significantly higher than those in Ghana (0.8%) and Kathmandu (3%) but comparable with other studies in the region [10,11,13,17]. Surely, the considerable rate of hiatus hernia in this study is of particular interest. Hiatus hernia is important almost because of its potential short term and long term complications like gastro esophageal reflux disease, aspiration pneumonia, and severe recurrent respiratory infections. Hence, we strongly recommend considering hiatus hernia in children with RAP and further investigate it with better modalities, particularly in Middle Eastern countries. Another important feature of this study is the criteria we used for EGD. Although a considerable proportion of children with RAP suffer from organic etiologies and it is increasing [4,8]. But still there are so many patients with non-organic RAP. Performing EGD for such patients is costly or even unethical. Recent studies have been focused on the appropriateness of performing EGD in selected conditions and not as a routine modality [5,6,18,19]. In this study we reached positive predictive value of 84% for the application of red flag criteria as a guide in performing EGD. Although this would be a convincing value, it does not convey any sensitivity or even specificity for the criteria. Therefore, finding a reliable criteria for application of EGD in RAP and commitment to it is still necessary. Limitations: In this study we used the well known red flags for performing EGD in children suffering RAP. Although the percentage of positive findings in our study was rather high, this does not preclude the potential need for applying EGD in the rest of patients who were excluded at the time of recruitment. Surely more comprehensive studies are needed to define the best indications for EGD in children with RAP. Conclusion This study demonstrates that application of the so called red flags could be practical to distinguish between organic and non-organic pain. As we showed, comprehensive physical examination and meticulous medical history is needed to avoid performing unnecessary EGD in patients with recurrent abdominal pain. Further studies are needed to clarify sensitivity and specificity for the proposed criteria. Acknowledgment This study was supported by the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Institute's ethical approval was obtained from the local research ethics committee. Conflict of Interest: None References 1. Apley J. Recurrent abdominal pain. Br J Clin Pract 1959;13: Boyle JT. Recurrent abdominal pain: an update. Pediatr Rev 1997;18(9): Stordal K, Nygaard EA, Bentsen BS. Recurrent abdominal pain: a five- year follow-up study. Acta Paediatr 2005;94: Ashorn M, Mäki M, Ruuska T, et al. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in recurrent abdominal pain of childhood. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1993;16(3):273-7.
5 Iran J Pediatr; Vol 22 (No 3); Sep Jantchou P, Schirrer J, Bocquet A. Appropriateness of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in children: a retrospective study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2007;44(4): Gieteling MJ, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Passchier J, et al. Prognosis of chronic or recurrent abdominal pain in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2008;47(3): Shahraki T, Farahmand F, Khatami GR, et al. Recurrent abdominal pain: an etiological study among in a referral children s medical center in Iran. Iran J Pediatr 2007;17(3): Ukarapol N, Lertprasertsuk N, Wongsawasdi L. Recurrent abdominal pain in children: the utility of upper endoscopy and histopathology. Singapore Med J 2004;45(3): Okello TR. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in adolescents at Lacor Hospital, Uganda. Afr Health Sci Mar; 6(1): Aduful H, Naaeder S, Darko R, et al. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at the Korlebu teaching hospital, Accra, Ghana. Ghana Med J 2007;41(1): Joshi MR, Sharma SK, Baral MR. Upper GI endoscopy in children in an adult suite. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2005;3(2): Rafeey M, Alyari A. Comparison of endoscopy with pathology in the diagnosis of esophagitis among children. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2003; 22(6): Amini-Ranjbar S, Torabinejad MH. Diagnostic endoscopy in children of two months to 15 years of age. Am J Appl Sci 2009;6(10): Lodenyo H, Rana F, Mutuma GZ, et al. Patterns of upper gastrointestinal diseases based on endoscopy in the period Afr J Health Sci 2005;12(1-2): Gottrand F. The role of Helicobacter pylori in abdominal pain in children. Arch Pediatr 2000; 7(2): Ashorn M, Miettinen A, Ruuska T, et al. Seroepidemiological study of Helicobacter pylori infection in infancy. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1996;74(2):F Rawashdeh MO, Abu-Farsakh N, al-jaberi TM. Paediatric upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy in developing countries. Ann Trop Paediatr 1996; 16(4): Farahmand F, Modaresi V, Najafi M, et al. Prevalence of celiac disease in iranian children with recurrent abdominal pain referred to a pediatric referral center. Iran J Pediatr 2011; 21(1): Miele E, Giannetti E, Martinelli M, et al. Impact of the Rome II paediatric criteria on the appropriateness of the upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy in children. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010;32(4):
Recurrent Abdominal Pain: an Etiological Study among in a Referreal Children's Medical Center in Iran
Original Article Iran J Ped Sep 2007; Vol 17 ( No 3), Pp:235-240 Recurrent Abdominal Pain: an Etiological Study among in a Referreal Children's Medical Center in Iran Touran shahraki 1, Fatemeh Farahmand
More informationRole of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in children of Recurrent Abdominal Pain without a known cause
International Journal of Sciences & Applied Research www.ijsar.in Role of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in children of Recurrent Abdominal Pain without a known cause Barupal R., Jora R.*, Sharma P.,
More informationPediatric Gastroenterology Referral Guidelines
Suggested Pre-Referral Workup This is a general suggestion of possible testing to confirm a suspected diagnosis. Although referrals will be accepted without the suggested work up being complete, to ensure
More informationCOMMON PROBLEMS IN PAEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AKSHAY BATRA CONSULTANT PAEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGIST
COMMON PROBLEMS IN PAEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AKSHAY BATRA CONSULTANT PAEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGIST Paediatric Gastroenterology : Referral Base Common problems Feeding difficulties in infancy Recurrent
More informationSuccess Rate of Furazolidone Based Triple Therapy for Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori in Children
Original Article Iran J Pediatr Sep 2008; Vol 19 (No 3), Pp:244-248 Success Rate of Furazolidone Based Triple Therapy for Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori in Children Mehri Najafi, MD* 1 ; Ahmad Khodadad,
More informationBreastfeeding and Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children with Digestive Symptoms
Original Article Iran J Pediatr Sep 2010; Vol 20 (No 3), Pp: 330-334 Breastfeeding and Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children with Digestive Symptoms Maryam Monajemzadeh 1, MD; Fatemeh Farahmand 2,3,
More information190 Index Case studies, abdominal pain, 2 Crohn s disease, 2 3, cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS), 2 fecal incontinence (FI), 2 medical c
Index Abdominal pain, case study, 2 Achalasia, 75 Acupuncture 108 American Academy of Pediatrics, 49 Anxiety, 8 9, 98 Autism, GI disorders and, 25 27 BASC. See Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC)
More informationIII,II,I III.
,II,I e-mail: shahraki2002@yahoo.com I II (Cript) X 2 IgA II a I c b IV IgA AESKULISA,GERMANY J Babol Univ Med Sci; 11(4); Oct-Nov 2009 Clinical and Laboratory Findings of Celiac ; T. Shahraki, et al Mahjoub
More informationManagement of dyspepsia and of Helicobacter pylori infection
Management of dyspepsia and of Helicobacter pylori infection The University of Nottingham John Atherton Wolfson Digestive Diseases Centre University of Nottingham, UK Community management of dyspepsia
More informationChapter 9. An Unusual Case of Gastric Outlet Obstruction in a Ghanaian Woman. 2 Top 25 Clinical Case Reports
Chapter 9 An Unusual Case of Gastric Outlet Obstruction in a Ghanaian Woman Joachim Amoako, Henry Obaka, Nelson Affram, Wordui Theodore and Faizal Z Asumda* Department of Surgery, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital,
More informationDisclosures. GI Motility Disorders. Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders & Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders & Irritable Bowel Syndrome None Disclosures Jasmine Zia, MD Acting Assistant Professor Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington 6 th Asian Health Symposium
More informationManaging Upper GI Tract Disease. Michael Herzlinger, MD Pediatric Gastroenterology 7/2018
Managing Upper GI Tract Disease Michael Herzlinger, MD Pediatric Gastroenterology 7/2018 Puke Happens Too Managing Upper GI Tract Disease Michael Herzlinger, MD Pediatric Gastroenterology 7/2018 Objectives
More informationFigure 2: Post-cholecystectomy biliary-like pain
Figure 2: Post-cholecystectomy biliary-like pain 1 patient with recurrent episodes of pain (not daily), in the epigastrium/right upper quadrant, lasting >30 mins, building to a steady level, interrupting
More informationUpper Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Chronic Renal Failure Through Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Original Article Print ISSN: 2321-6379 Online ISSN: 2321-595X DOI: 10.17354/ijss/2017/249 Upper Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Chronic Renal Failure Through Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Madavaram
More informationVOMITING. Tan Lay Zye
VOMITING Tan Lay Zye Vomiting is a common symptom. It is a complex reflex behavioural response involving forceful expulsion of the stomach contents through oral cavity. Contents Emetic reflex Causes of
More informationABDOMINAL PAIN, CHRONIC
Introduction Incidence Aetiology Clinical Assessment Formulation Investigations Management Prognosis Conclusion References Introduction The generally accepted definition of this condition is three or more
More informationCYP2C19-Proton Pump Inhibitors
CYP2C19-Proton Pump Inhibitors Cameron Thomas, Pharm.D. PGY2 Clinical Pharmacogenetics Resident St. Jude Children s Research Hospital February 1, 2018 Objectives: CYP2C19-PPI Implementation Review the
More informationBleeding in the Digestive Tract
Bleeding in the Digestive Tract National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH U.S. Department of Health
More informationChronic Abdominal Pain in Children
PedsCases Podcast Scripts This is a text version of a podcast from Pedscases.com on Chronic Abdominal Pain in Children. These podcasts are designed to give medical students an overview of key topics in
More informationEntrustable Professional Activity
Entrustable Professional Activity 1. Title: Care for infants, children, and adolescents with common outpatient GI, liver/biliary, pancreatic and nutritional issues 2. Description of Activity Pediatric
More informationPeptic Ulcer Disease Update
Peptic Ulcer Disease Update Col Pat Storms RAM 2005 Disclosure Information 84th Annual AsMA Scientific Meeting Col Patrick Storms I have no financial relationships to disclose. I will discuss the following
More informationBreath Tests, ph-metry and Impedance
Breath Tests, ph-metry and Impedance Michael J. Lentze ESPGHAN goes Africa Course March 2015 Clinical Use of H 2 -Breath Test Ghoshal UC J Neurogastroenterol Motil 17: 312-17, 2011 Typical Exhalation Curves
More informationKEYWORDS Dyspepsia, Acid Peptic Disease, Helicobacter Pylori, Urease, Giemsa, Peptic Ulcer, Non-Ulcer Dyspepsia.
INCIDENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI WITH ACID PEPTIC DISEASE AND MALIGNANT CONDITIONS OF UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT IN A TERTIARY CENTRE - A PROSPECTIVE STUDY Karunamoorthy Rajachidambaram 1, Dinkaran Kaarthesan
More informationUpper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - Our Findings, Our Experience in Lagoon Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 213 June 15; 6(2):168-173. http://dx.doi.org/1.3889/mjms.1857-5773.213.288 Clinical Science Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - Our Findings, Our Experience in Lagoon
More informationAcquired pediatric esophageal diseases Imaging approaches and findings. M. Mearadji International Foundation for Pediatric Imaging Aid
Acquired pediatric esophageal diseases Imaging approaches and findings M. Mearadji International Foundation for Pediatric Imaging Aid Acquired pediatric esophageal diseases The clinical signs of acquired
More information58 year old male complaining of 3-week history of increasing epigastric pain
Peptic Ulcer Disease 58 year old male complaining of 3-week history of increasing epigastric pain Has had dyspepsia in the past for which he took Tums, but this is much worse and only partially relieved
More informationMANAGEMENT OF DYSPEPSIA AND GASTRO-OESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GORD)
DERBYSHIRE JOINT AREA PRESCRIBING COMMITTEE (JAPC) MANAGEMENT OF DYSPEPSIA AND GASTRO-OESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GORD) Routine endoscopic investigation of patients of any age, presenting with dyspepsia
More informationUpper gastrointestinal diseases in patients for endoscopy in South-Western Uganda
Upper gastrointestinal diseases in patients for endoscopy in South-Western Uganda Siraji Obayo 1, Conrad Muzoora 2, Ponsiano Ocama 3, Matthew M. Cooney 4, Tony Wilson 2, Christopher S. Probert 6 1. Mbarara
More informationUpper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - Our Findings, Our Experience in Lagoon Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 213 June 15; 6(2):168-173. http://dx.doi.org/1.3889/mjms.1857-5773.213.288 Clinical Science Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - Our Findings, Our Experience in Lagoon
More informationClinical Evaluation of Himcocid Suspension in Patients with Non-ulcer Dyspepsia
[The Antiseptic (21): (98), 11, 49-411] Clinical Evaluation of Himcocid Suspension in Patients with Non-ulcer Dyspepsia Upadhyaya, B.N., Reader and Head, and Khagen Basumathy, Junior Resident Department
More informationHow to to approach a child with recurrent abdominal pain?
How to to approach a child with recurrent abdominal pain? Alexandra Papadopoulou Athens Interconnected Alexandra Papadopoulou Children s Hospitals Athens Interconnected Children s Hospitals «Ag Sofia»
More informationHelicobacter Pylori Testing HELICOBACTER PYLORI TESTING HS-131. Policy Number: HS-131. Original Effective Date: 9/17/2009
Easy Choice Health Plan, Inc. Harmony Health Plan of Illinois, Inc. Missouri Care, Inc. Ohana Health Plan, a plan offered by WellCare Health Insurance of Arizona, Inc. WellCare Health Insurance of Illinois,
More informationDifferentiate IgE-mediated food allergy from non-ige mediated food allergy. List the foods and formulas most commonly associated with food allergy.
Gastroenterology Description: The resident will be exposed to various clinical symptoms and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract which are commonly seen by the gastroenterologist. The resident will be
More informationOffice-Based Ultrathin Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in a Primary Care Setting
EVIDENCE-BASED CLINICAL PRACTICE Office-Based Ultrathin Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in a Primary Care Setting Thad Wilkins, MD, and Ralph A. Gillies, PhD Background: Upper gastrointestinal complaints are
More informationInternational Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
A Retrospective Study of Clinicopathological Profiles of Proximal Gastrectomy Vs Distal Gastrectomy in Carcinoma Stomach and Its Incidence in our Population Dr Magesh kumar J 1, Dr V Naveen Kumar 2, Dr
More informationAbdominal Pain in a Young Aviator
Abdominal Pain in a Young Aviator Calen N. Wherry, MD, MPH Maj, USAF, MC, FS Peter A. Baldwin, MD, MBA, MPH Capt, USAF, MC, FS USAF School of Aerospace Medicine WPAFB, OH RAM 2013 Distribution A: Approved
More informationPAEDIATRIC HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN TAIWAN: CURRENT STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES
PAEDIATRIC HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN TAIWAN: CURRENT STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES Chun-Yan Yeung, Hung-Chang Lee* Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MacKay Children s Hospital, MacKay
More informationDiarrhea may be: Acute (short-term, usually lasting several days), which is usually related to bacterial or viral infections.
Pediatric Gastroenterology Conditions Evaluated and Treated Having a child suffer with abdominal pain, chronic eating problems, or other gastrointestinal disorders can be a very trying time for a parent.
More informationJune By: Reza Gholami
ACG/CAG guideline on Management of Dyspepsia June 2017 By: Reza Gholami DEFINITION OF DYSPEPSIA AND SCOPE OF THE GUIDELINE Dyspepsia was originally defined as any symptoms referable to the upper gastrointestinal
More informationObjectives. Pain Types Brief Review. Referred Pain. Chronic/Recurrent Abdominal Pain 1/12/2017. I have no conflicts of interest to disclose
Joshua D Noe, MD Associate Professor of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Medical College of Wisconsin I have no conflicts of interest to disclose Objectives Differentiate functional
More informationSphincter of Oddi Dysfunction Type III, Manometry and Sphincterotomy: Sham Won, Game Over
Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction Type III, Manometry and Sphincterotomy: Sham Won, Game Over C. Mel Wilcox, M.D., M.S.P.H. Professor of Medicine, Surgery and Pediatrics University of Alabama, Birmingham Basil
More informationThe University of Arizona Pediatric Residency Program. Primary Goals for Rotation. Gastroenterology
The University of Arizona Pediatric Residency Program Primary Goals for Rotation Gastroenterology 1. GOAL: Understand the role of the general pediatrician in the assessment and management of patients with
More informationPreoperative Tests & Consults
Preoperative Tests & Consults Reason for Preoperative Tests / Consults 1. Personal medical history 2. Bariatric surgery program 3. Insurance companies set forth certain pre-operative test requirements
More informationFamilial Mediterranean Fever
https://www.printo.it/pediatric-rheumatology/gb/intro Familial Mediterranean Fever Version of 2016 2. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT 2.1 How is it diagnosed? Generally the following approach is followed: Clinical
More informationThe yield of UGIE: a study of a ten-year period in the Zaanstreek
ORIGINAL ARTICLE The yield of UGIE: a study of a ten-year period in the Zaanstreek R.J.L.F. Loffeld *, A.B.M.M. van der Putten Department of Internal Medicine, De Heel Zaans Medical Centre, PO BOX 21,
More informationClassification of pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders related to abdominal pain using Rome III vs. Rome IV criterions
Edwards et al. BMC Gastroenterology (2018) 18:41 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-018-0769-z RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Classification of pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders related to abdominal
More informationGERD DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT DISCLOSURES 4/18/2018
GERD DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT Subhash Chandra MBBS Assistant Professor CHI Health Clinic Gastroenterology Creighton University, School of Medicine April 28, 2018 DISCLOSURES None 1 OBJECTIVES Review update
More informationWHAT IS GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD)?
WHAT IS GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD)? The term gastroesophageal reflux describes the movement (or reflux) of stomach contents back up into the esophagus, the muscular tube that extends from the
More informationAssociation between Helicobacter pylori, caga, and vaca Status and Clinical Presentation in Iranian Children
Original Article Iran J Pediatr Oct 2013; Vol 23 (No 5), Pp: 551-556 Association between Helicobacter pylori, caga, and vaca Status and Clinical Presentation in Iranian Children Mandana Rafeey, MD; Reza
More informationabdominal pain In another noncontrolled follow-up study comprising We have carried out a controlled investigation of
Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1975, 50, 110. Long-term prognosis in children with recurrent abdominal pain M. FJORD CHRISTENSEN and 0. MORTENSEN From the University Clinic of Paediatrics, Arhus Municipal
More informationHiatal Hernias and Barrett s esophagus. Dr Sajida Ahad Mercy General Surgery
Hiatal Hernias and Barrett s esophagus Dr Sajida Ahad Mercy General Surgery Objectives Identify the use of different diagnostic modalities for hiatal hernias List the different types of hiatal hernias
More informationEGD. John M. Wo, M.D. University of Louisville July 3, 2008
EGD John M. Wo, M.D. University of Louisville July 3, 2008 Different Ways to do an EGD Which scope? Pediatric, regular, jumbo EGD endoscope or pediatric colonoscope Transnasal vs. transoral insertion Sedation
More informationThe Kalixanda Study. Upper GI pathology in the general population
The Kalixanda Study Upper GI pathology in the general population The Kalixanda Study The project group Lars Agréus, PhD, GP, project leader Pertti Aro, GP Jukka Ronkainen, GP Tom Storskrubb, gastroenterologist
More informationOriginal Article. Rattanasupar A Attasaranya S Ovartlarnporn B ABSTRACT
74 THAI J GASTROENTEROL 2010 Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) plus Transabdominal Ultrasound (TUS) for Diagnosed Dyspepsia in Elderly Patients Original Article Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) plus Transabdominal
More informationRecurrent Abdominal Pain in Children: A Review
Review Article Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Children: A Review Alam R 1, Sarkar PC 2, Saibal AA 3 Abstract: Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) in children is a common pediatric problem encountered by primary
More informationSASKATCHEWAN REGISTERED NURSES ASSOCIATION
DEFINITION Reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus, which results in esophageal irritation or inflammation. IMMEDIATE CONSULTATION REQUIRED IN THE FOLLOWING SITUATIONS Dysphagia (solid food, progressive)
More informationUnusual presentations of late onset diaphragmatic hernia: a six year study
International Surgery Journal Aggarwal S et al. Int Surg J. 2017 Apr;4(4):1180-1184 http://www.ijsurgery.com pissn 2349-3305 eissn 2349-2902 Original Research Article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20170895
More informationResearch Article Endoscopic and Pathologic Changes of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract in Crohn s Disease
BioMed Research International, Article ID 610767, 6 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/610767 Research Article Endoscopic and Pathologic Changes of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract in Crohn s Disease
More informationEpidemiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease
Epidemiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease Introduction Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is disruption of the mucosal integrity of the stomach and/or duodenum leading to a local defect or excavation due to active
More informationINTRODUCTION TO UPPER ENDOSCOPY
INTRODUCTION TO UPPER ENDOSCOPY Satish Nagula, MD Associate Professor of Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai NYSGE First Year Fellows Course July 14, 2018 Early endoscopes 1805: Bozzini Lichtleiter
More informationABDOMINAL PAIN, CHRONIC
Introduction Incidence Aetiology Clinical Assessment Formulation Investigations Management Prognosis Conclusion References Introduction The generally accepted definition of this condition is three or more
More informationFrequency of Barrett Esophagus in Patients with Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Original Article Frequency of Barrett Esophagus in Patients with Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease From Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Obaid Ullah Khan, Abdul Rasheed Correspondence: Dr. Abdul
More informationCorrelation between gastric acid secretion and severity of acid reflux in children
The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics 2003; 45: 6-10 Original Correlation between gastric acid secretion and severity of acid reflux in children Nicolas Kalach 1-3, Abdul Monem Badran 1, Patrick Jaffray 2,
More informationSARCINA VENTICULARI IS A POSSIBLE CAUSATIVE MICROORGANISM OTHER THAN H.PYLORI IN GASTRIC OUTLET OBSTRUCTION PATHOGENESIS
SARCINA VENTICULARI IS A POSSIBLE CAUSATIVE MICROORGANISM OTHER THAN H.PYLORI IN GASTRIC OUTLET OBSTRUCTION PATHOGENESIS 55 years old male, Farm worker, married, from Ibb Heavy Smoker, Khat chewer non-alcohol
More informationPrevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome among Medical Students and Interns in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome among Medical Students and Interns in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Mohammed Y Hasosah 1*, Samer A Alamri 2, Faisal A Al-Husayni 2, Rakan M. Aljedaani 2, Mohammad A Zwawy
More informationChapter 14: Training in Radiology. DDSEP Chapter 1: Question 12
DDSEP Chapter 1: Question 12 A 52-year-old white male presents for evaluation of sudden onset of abdominal pain and shoulder pain. His past medical history is notable for a history of coronary artery disease,
More informationESOPHAGEAL CANCER AND GERD. Prof Salman Guraya FRCS, Masters MedEd
ESOPHAGEAL CANCER AND GERD Prof Salman Guraya FRCS, Masters MedEd Learning objectives Esophagus anatomy and physiology Esophageal cancer Causes, presentations of esophageal cancer Diagnosis and management
More informationAppropriate Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) Anderson Mabour, Pharm.D., BCPS Clinical Pharmacy Specialist
Appropriate Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) Anderson Mabour, Pharm.D., BCPS Clinical Pharmacy Specialist Disclosures I have no actual or potential conflicts of interest to report in relation to this
More informationPPIs: Good or Bad? 1. Basics of PPIs. Gastric Acid Basics. Outline. Gastric Acid Basics. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI)
Outline Quick basics on Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) PPIs: Good or Bad? What are potential risks of PPI therapy? How to approach your patients American Gastroenterology Association (AGA) recommendations
More informationArticle Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Children: A Tertiary United Kingdom Children s Hospital Experience
Article Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Children: A Tertiary United Kingdom Children s Hospital Experience Omar Nasher 1, *, David Devadason 2 and Richard J. Stewart 1 1 Department of Paediatric Surgery,
More informationGastrointestinal evaluation in colchicine-treated familial Mediterranean fever patients with chronic abdominal pain: Cases series
Case report Arch Argent Pediatr 2018;116(5):e649-e654 / e649 Gastrointestinal evaluation in colchicine-treated familial Mediterranean fever patients with chronic abdominal pain: Cases series Sezin Akman
More informationDefinition of GERD American College of Gastroenterology
Definition of GERD American College of Gastroenterology GERD is defined as chronic symptoms or mucosal damage produced by the abnormal reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus DeVault et al. Am J
More informationAetiology Of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding In North- Eastern Nigeria: A Retrospective Endoscopic Study
ISPUB.COM The Internet Journal of Third World Medicine Volume 8 Number 2 Aetiology Of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding In North- Eastern Nigeria: A Retrospective Endoscopic S Mustapha, N Ajayi, A Shehu
More informationDisclosures. Proton Pump Inhibitors Deprescribing? Deprescribing PPI Objectives. Deprescribing. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) 5/28/2018.
Proton Pump Inhibitors Deprescribing? None Disclosures Chad Burski, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine UAB Gastroenterology Deprescribing PPI Objectives AR Why? Who? How? The mechanism of action of Proton
More informationA cross-sectional study on prevalence of gastro esophageal reflux disease in regurgitant infant and children with evaluation of IGERQ score
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics Kandaswamy E et al. Int J Contemp Pediatr. 2018 Mar;5(2):395-399 http://www.ijpediatrics.com pissn 2349-3283 eissn 2349-3291 Original Research Article DOI:
More informationAssociation of Helicobacter pylori infection with Atrophic gastritis in patients with Dyspepsia
ADVANCES IN BIORESEARCH Adv. Biores., Vol 8 [3] May 2017: 137-141 2017 Society of Education, India Print ISSN 0976-4585; Online ISSN 2277-1573 Journal s URL:http://www.soeagra.com/abr.html CODEN: ABRDC3
More informationUPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING; ENDOSCOPIC FINDINGS IN PATIENTS
The Professional Medical Journal DOI: 10.17957/TPMJ/17.3711 ORIGINAL PROF-3711 UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING; ENDOSCOPIC FINDINGS IN PATIENTS 2. MBBS, FCPS (Med) Assistant Professor of Medicine Independent
More informationClinical Profile and Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Finding in Patients with Acid Peptic Disease at a Tertiary Health Care Centre
MVP Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 4(1), 1 7, January-June 2017 ISSN (Print) : 2348 263X ISSN (Online) : 2348-2648 DOI: 10.18311/mvpjms/2017/v4i1/703 Clinical Profile and Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Finding
More informationIs Rabeprazole A Safe Treatment for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Children Ages 1-16 years?
Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine DigitalCommons@PCOM PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship Student Dissertations, Theses and Papers 2015 Is Rabeprazole A Safe Treatment for Gastroesophageal
More informationINVESTIGATIONS OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISEAS
INVESTIGATIONS OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISEAS Lecture 1 and 2 دز اسماعيل داود فرع الطب كلية طب الموصل Radiological tests of structure (imaging) Plain X-ray: May shows soft tissue outlines like liver, spleen,
More informationUnderstanding GERD. & Stretta Therapy. GERD (gĕrd): Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Understanding GERD & Stretta Therapy GERD (gĕrd): Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease What is GERD? When the muscle between your stomach and esophagus is weak, stomach contents like acid or bile can reflux
More informationUpper GI Endoscopy at Community Based Hospital -A Prospective Study
Upper GI Endoscopy at Community Based Hospital -A Prospective Study 1 Dr. Indira Bhaskar, 2 Dr. Tapas Francis Biswas, 1 Associate professor, Department of Biochemistry, KPC Medical College, Kolkotta 2
More informationPatient Interview Form
Page 1 of 5 Orange Coast Memorial Office: 18111 Brookhurst Ave. Suite 5200, Fountain Valley, CA 92708 * Tel: (714) 962-7705 * Fax: (714) 861-4552 www.unitedgi.com Patient Interview Form Patient Information
More informationOriginal Article Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori among Sudanese children admitted to a specialized children hospital
Original Article Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori among Sudanese children admitted to a specialized children hospital Karimeldin M A Salih (1, 2), Omer A Elfaki (3), Yassin H M Hamid (4), Widad M A Eldouch
More informationFunctional Dyspepsia. Norbert Welkovics Heine van der Walt
Norbert Welkovics Heine van der Walt Characteristics: Central abdomen Pain or discomfort Not associated with bowel movements No structural or biochemical abnormalty Definition Part of Gastroduodenal disorders
More informationUniversity Medical Center at Brackenridge. Gastroenterology Clinic Worksheet
Gastroenterology Clinic Worksheet 1. GI Bleeding (occult or symptomatic) a. CBC b. Iron, Ferritin b. Medication history 2. Iron Deficiency Anemia and no evident source (if no iron deficiency consider hematological
More informationEthnic Distribution of Atrophic Autoimmune Gastritis in the United States
Ethnic Distribution of Atrophic Autoimmune Gastritis in the United States Robert M. Genta, Regan Allen, Massimo Rugge Miraca Life Sciences Research Institute, Miraca Life Sciences, Irving, Texas UTSW University
More informationUrea Breath Test for Diagnosis of Helicobactor pylori. Original Policy Date 12:2013
MP 2.04.04 Urea Breath Test for Diagnosis of Helicobactor pylori Medical Policy Section Medicine Issue 12:2013 Original Policy Date 12:2013 Last Review Status/Date 12:2013 Return to Medical Policy Index
More informationAllergic Colitis Clinical and Endoscopic Aspects of Infants. with Rectal Bleeding
Allergic Colitis Clinical and Endoscopic Aspects of Infants. with Rectal Bleeding Allergic Colitis is an inflammatory disorder of the colon which occurs mainly in preschool children. It is caused by an
More informationFamilial Mediterranean Fever
www.printo.it/pediatric-rheumatology/gb/intro Familial Mediterranean Fever Version of 2016 1. WHAT IS FMF 1.1 What is it? Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is a genetically transmitted disease. Patients
More informationMEDICAL POLICY EFFECTIVE DATE: 05/19/11 REVISED DATE: 05/24/12, 05/23/13 ARCHIVED DATE: 05/22/14 EDITED DATE: 05/28/15, 05/25/16, 05/18/17, 05/17/18
MEDICAL POLICY SUBJECT: NON-INVASIVE HELICOBACTER PAGE: 1 OF: 6 If a product excludes coverage for a service, it is not covered, and medical policy criteria do not apply. If a commercial product, including
More informationProbiotics for the Treatment of Pediatric Helicobacter Pylori Infection: A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial
Original Article Iran J Pediatr Feb 2013; Vol 23 (No 1), Pp: 79-84 Probiotics for the Treatment of Pediatric Helicobacter Pylori Infection: A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial Khodadad, Ahmad 1,2,3,
More informationTitle: Value of fecal calprotectin in the evaluation of patients with abdominal discomfort: an observational study
Author's response to reviews Title: Value of fecal calprotectin in the evaluation of patients with abdominal discomfort: an observational study Authors: Michael Manz (michael.manz@claraspital.ch) Emanuel
More informationHelicobacter 2008;13:1-6. Am J Gastroent 2007;102: Am J of Med 2004;117:31-35.
An Update on Helicobacter pylori and Its Treatment Trenika Mitchell, PharmD, BCPS Clinical Assistant Professor University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy October 18, 2008 Objectives Review the epidemiology
More informationFunctional Gut Disorders in Infants
Disclosures Functional Gut Disorders in Infants Speaker fees - Nutricia Neocate, Merck Serono, AstraZeneca, Aspen Nutritionals Consultancy fees - Nutricia Neocate, Danone Early Life Nutrition, Nestle Health
More informationManagement of Reflux and GORD
Management of Reflux and GORD 1a 2a Title of Guideline (must include the word Guideline (not protocol, policy, procedure etc) Contact Name and Job Title (author) Directorate & Speciality Guideline for
More informationGastrointestinal pathology 2018 lecture 4. Dr Heyam Awad FRCPath
Gastrointestinal pathology 2018 lecture 4 Dr Heyam Awad FRCPath Topics to be covered Peptic ulcer disease Hiatal hernia Gastric neoplasms Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)= chronic gastric ulcer Causes H pylori
More informationPatient Interview Form
Page 1 of 5 Patient Interview Form Patient Information First Name: MRN: Last Name: Date Of Birth: Contact Preference Email Telephone call- Work Telephone call - Home Email Please check one as your preferred
More informationKids Like to Break the Rules: Gastrointestinal Pathology in Children
Kids Like to Break the Rules: Gastrointestinal Pathology in Children Jeffrey Goldsmith MD Director of Surgical Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Consultant in Gastrointestinal Pathology,
More informationOne-third of adults experience pain or discomfort in
GASTROENTEROLOGY 2002;122:1270 1285 Dyspepsia Management in Primary Care: A Decision Analysis of Competing Strategies BRENNAN M. R. SPIEGEL,* NIMISH B. VAKIL, and JOSHUA J. OFMAN*, *Department of Medicine
More information