Το μικρό σκαθάρι της κυψέλης στην Καλαβρία και τη Σικελία: ανίχνευση και μέτρα έγκαιρης αντίδρασης

Transcription

1 Το μικρό σκαθάρι της κυψέλης στην Καλαβρία και τη Σικελία: ανίχνευση και μέτρα έγκαιρης αντίδρασης Franco Mutinelli Διευθυντής Τμήματος Διάγνωσης, Ιστοπαθολογίας και Παρασιτολογίας του Ινστιτούτου Διάγνωσης Ασθενειών Ζώων, Προφύλαξης και Υγιεινής Τροφίμων- Πάδοβα- ΙΤΑΛΙΑ Αθήνα, 13 March 2015

2 First identification of both larvae and adults When: 5th September 2014 Where: Locality: Sovereto Municipality: Gioia Tauro Province: Reggio Calabria -- Protection zone - 20 km radius -- Surveillance zone km radius

3 What: 3 weak nuclei with larvae

4 Aethina tumida Foto: Giacomo Falcone

5 (Neumann and Ellis, 2008) Distribution of SHB

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7 Cronology 5/09/2014: first report 3 weak nuclei affected by larvae and adults, no other colonies in the same site locality Sovereto, Gioia Tauro municipality, Reggio Calabria province : nuclei packed, killed with ethil acetate and stored at -80 C : soil drenched with chlorpyriphos : soil further investigated, escavated and treated with pyrethtoird

8 Cronology : samples of larvae and adults sent to NRL : confirmation by morphological examination : note of the Ministry of Health with the early reaction measures : confirmation by EURL based on morphological examination and PCR : OIE notification : Decree of Veterinary Services of Calabria region signed with measures directed at eradicating outbreaks and preventing further spreading Small hive beetle infestation (Aethina tumida),italy Information received on 18/09/2014 from Prof. Dr. Romano Marabelli, Chief Veterinary Officer, Secretary General, Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy Summary Report type Immediate notification Date of start 05/09/2014 of the event Date of preconfirmation 12/09/2014 of the event Report date 18/09/2014 Date 18/09/2014 submitted to OIE Reason for First occurrence of a listed disease notification Manifestation Clinical disease of disease Causal agent Aethina tumida Nature of Clinical, Laboratory (basic) diagnosis This event the whole country pertains to New outbreaks Summary of Total outbreaks: 2 outbreaks Outbreak Location CALABRIA ( Rosarno, REGGIO CALABRIA Gioia Tauro, REGGIO CALABRIA ) Total animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered affected Bees (hives) Outbreak Species Apparent Apparent Apparent case Proportion statistics morbidity rate mortality rate fatality rate susceptible animals lost* Bees (hives) 14.89% ** ** ** * Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter; Epidemiology Source of the Unknown or inconclusive

9 Cronology : NRL and EURL in the area of interest September 2014 January 2015: NRL in the area of interest Meeting with representatives of regional and local Veterinary Services (Palmi, RC, Catanzaro, Crotone) Field inspection in the protection and surveillance zones Training of veterinarians and beekeepers Surveillance @IZSVe

10 Diagnosis

11 Control - traps Better Beetle Blaster

12 Protection zone = 20 km Surveillance zone = 100 km 24 September 2014

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14 October 16, 2014 October 1, 2014

15 Aethina tumida

16 Aethina M. Duncan M. Duncan

17 Aethina

18 Confirmed cases as of 9/03/2015

19 Confirmed cases as of 9/03/2015

20 Protection zone = 20 km 3 October October 2014

21 Surveillance zone = 100 km 3 October October 2014

22 Calabria region

23 Calabria region - Positive sites <10 km = 41 sites >10< 20 km = 17 sites

24 Positive and negative apiaries/province Calabria region

25 Positive and negative apiaries/province (Apiari)

26 Surveillance (n. of inspected apiaries) Negative Positive Calabria region Catanzaro Cosenza Crotone Reggio Calabria Vibo Valentia Total Sicilia region Catania 66 0 Caltanissetta 13 0 Enna 23 0 Palermo 7 0 Ragusa 79 0 Siracusa 54 1 Total Gross total ( )

27 Sicily region - 7 November 2014

28 Calabria and Sicily regions surveillance zone

29 Measures adopted by the Ministry of Health P-12/09/2014: first detection in Calabria /09/2014-DGSAF-COD_UO-P: second outbreak, EU RL confirmation /10/2014-DGSAF-COD_UO-P: surveillance in not infested regions /10/2014-DGSAF-COD_UO-P: update on outbreaks P-07/11/2014-DGSAF: first detection in Sicily MINISTERO DELLA SALUTE DECRETO 19 November 2014 Extraordinary measures to eradicate and to compensate beekeepers following the infestation due to Aethina tumida. (14A09715) (GU n. 294 del ) /01/2015-DGSAF-COD_UO-P: reduction of surveillance activity according to the Winter season /02/2015-DGSAF-COD_UO-P: movement of honey bees in the surveillance and restriction zones /03/2015-DGSAF-COD_UO-P: resume of surveillance activity in the territory of Calabria region according to the new beekeeping season Information available at: (English version under renovation)

30 Immediate notification of Aethina tumida Restriction of any movement related to honey bee colonies (IN and OUT) Census of apiaries and colonies 20 km protection zone: census of apiaries visit of all apiaries visit of the colonies according to 5% expected prevalence destruction of the infested apiaries hives) and compensation if negative, traps should be applied traceability of commercial and migratory movement in and out of the zone

31 Aethina tumida Stamping out and soil treatment

32 100 km surveillance zone: census of apiaries visit of apiaries selected on the basis of risk analysis (migration in infested areas, honeybees or materials exchanges) or randomly visit of the colonies according to 2% expected prevalence destruction of infested apiaries if negative, traps should be applied traceability of commercial and migratory movement in and out of the zone No positive apiaries in the surveillance zone

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35 Aethina tumida differential diagnosis Carpophylus lugubris Cychramus (Neumann e Ritter, 2004) (Marini et al., 2013; Audisio et al., 2014)

36 Aethina tumida differential Calabria: December 2014 January 2015: collected on rotten Citrus and lime

37 Aethina tumida - Differential diagnosis: Calabria: December 2014 January 2015: collected on rotten Citrus and lime EPURAEA LUTEOLA

38 Aethina tumida Genetic analysis in progress to characterise A. tumida detected in Calabria and Sicilia

39 @IZSVe Thank you for your