Avian influenza activities in India
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1 Avian influenza activities in India Dr. S. C. Dubey Joint Director High Security Animal Disease Laboratory, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bhopal, India
2 AIV diagnosis resources available in India Two National Reference Laboratories -for animals - HSADL, Bhopal -for humans- NIV, Pune. Five regional diagnostic labs (RDDLs). Action plan for avian influenza formulated Veterinary workforce trained in handling bird flu related emergencies. Reporting System : Weekly Report, Press Briefing Website of Animal Husbandry Dept. - Ministry of Health & FW-
3 Research Projects on AI Surveillance of Avian influenza (funded by DADF, MoA, GOI) Avian influenza diagnosis and surveillance work molecular epidemiology characterization of AI virus isolates pathogenicity in different host systems effect of environmental factors, growth behavior in embryonated eggs and in cell culture etc.
4 LABORATORY FINDINGS Isolations confirmed H5N1: 52 (Maharashtra, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, 2006) H5N1: 08 (Manipur, 2007) H5N1:103 Rapid test positive 89 Isolations (West Bengal, 2008) H5N1: 24 Rapid test positive 25 Isolations (Assam, 2008) H5N1: 9 Rapid test positive 9 Isolations (West Bengal, ) H5N1: 4 Rapid test positive 3 Isolations (Sikkim, 2009) H9N2: 36 (Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat, Orissa, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan)
5 Molecular Phylogeny Since 2006, India has experienced 4 H5N1 outbreaks in chickens. All the Indian isolates belonged to clade 2.2 or Qinghailike sublineage (as per WHO/OIE/FAO classification). The 2006, 2007 and 2008 (phase 1 & 2) viruses grouped into three distinct sub-lineages. The strains isolated in 2006 are genetically related to that from Russia, Iran, Italy, Afghanistan & Pakistan. The 2007 outbreak strains grouped with the guinea fowl isolate from China (Guinea fowl /Shantou/1342/06). The strains isolated in 2008 & 2009 grouped with the isolates from Bangladesh and Kuwait indicating epidemiological link between the viruses. The strains isolated from 2nd phase outbreak clustered together with 1st phase of 2008 suggesting spill-over from the 1st phase outbreak.
6 Phylogeny of Indian H5N1 isolates Hemagglutinin gene 99 Hatay/04 VNM/1194/04 Ck/Hmawbi517/07 Qa/Mingalardone/866/07 gf/northokkalarpa/834/07 Dk/La3295/06 Dk/FJ/1734/05 64 Ck/Gy/3055/05 Dk/YN/6445/03 Ck/YN/115/04 Ck/IDN/PA/ IDN/5/0 Ck/Yamaguchi/7/04 Ck/Korea/ES/03 MDk/JX/2295/ mli/italy/835/06 Swan/Slovenia/760/06 Ck/Nigeria/641/06 cygnus olor/croatia/1/05 Dk/Niger/914/06 Ck/Nigeria/1047-8/06 Ck/Manipur/NIV9743/07 Gf/ST/1341/06 grebe/novosibirsk/29/05 BHGs/QH/5/05 56 cygnus olor/italy/742/06 cygnus cygnus/iran/754/06 Ck/India/NIV33487/06 Ck/Manshera/NARC10337/ Ck/Afghanistan/1207/06 Ck/Korea/CA7/06 common gull/chany/p/06 Ck/Malda/81760/08 houbara bustard/saudiarabia/6732-1/07 mute swan/germany/r1349/07 saker falcon/kuwait/0286/07 domestic Dk/Germany/R2048/ Crow/Assam/142119/08 Ck/Jalpaigudi/879/08 Bangladesh/207095/08 Ck/Bangladesh/364/ Ck/Coochbehar/82613/08 Ck/Birbhum/80995/08 Ck/Darjeeling/106181/08 Ck/Malda/142121/08 Ck/South Dinajpur/81010/08 94 Clade 2.4 Clade 1 Clade VNM/1194/04 Clade 1 Hatay/04 Dk/YN/6445/03 Clade 2.4 Ck/YN/115/04 Dk/FJ/1734/05 Dk/Laos/3295/06 Clade 2.3 Ck/Gy/3055/05 Ck/IDN/PA/03 IDN/5/05 Clade Clade Clade Ck/Yamaguchi/7/04 Clade 2.5 Ck/Korea/Es/03 68 Ck/Nigeria/1047-8/06 Dk/Niger/914/06 63 cygnus olor/croatia/1/05 BHGs/QH/5/05 grebe/novosibirsk/29/05 67 Gf/ST/1341/06 53 Ck/Crimea/08/05 Ck/Nigeria/641/06 Ck/Manipur/NIV9743/07 mall/italy/835/06 52 swan/slovenia/760/ Ck/India/NIV33487/06 68 cygnus olor/italy/742/06 Clade 2.2 (Qinghai-like) Neuramindase gene cygnus cygnus/iran/754/06 Ck/Sihala/NARC3303.4/06 Ck/Afghanistan/1207/06 Ck/Korea/CA7/06 commongull/chany/p/06 Ck/Malda/81760/08 commongoldeneye/mongolia/12/ domesticdk/germany/r2048/07 mute swan/germany/r1349/07 houbarabustard/saudiarabia/6732-1/07 sakerfalcon/kuwait/0286/07 Bangladesh/207095/ Crow/Assam/142119/08 Ck/Jalpaigudi/879/08 84 Ck/Darjeeling/106181/08 Ck/Coochbehar/82613/08 66 Ck/SouthDinajpur/81010/08 70 Ck/Birbhum/80995/08 58 Clade 2.2 (Qinghai-like)
7 Phylogeny of Indian H9N2 viruses (a) HA Ty/Wis/1/66 Ty/Cal/189/66 Ck/Kor/99029/99 Ck/Kor/38349-p96323/96 Dk/HK/Y439/97 97 Dk/ST/2143/00 Dk/HK/Y280/97 Ck/HK/G9/97 Ck/BJ/1/94 Ck/SH/F/98 HK/2108/03 GZ/333/99 99 Ck/UP/Ind/2544/04 74 Ck/Delhi/Ind/2424/04 Ck/Orissa/Ind/2317/04 Ck/Punjab/Ind/2048/03 Ck/Gujarat/Ind/3697/04 Ck/Iran/B76/04 99 Qa/Dubai/303/ Ck/Pak/2/99 Y280-like G1-like Korean-like (b) NA HK/1073/99 93 Qa/HK/G1/97 Ck/Iran/11T/99 Pa/Narita/92A/ Ck/Kor/99029/99 96 Ck/Kor/ /96 Ty/Wis/1/66 84 Dk/HK/Y439/97 HK/2108/2003 GZ/333/ Dk/ST/2143/00 Ck/HK/G9/97 Ck/BJ/1/94 83 Dk/HK/Y280/97 Ck/SH/F/ Pa/Narita/92A/98 86 Ck/Iran/11T/99 70 HK/1073/99 Qa/HK/G1/97 Qa/Dubai/303/00 96 Ck/Pak/2/99 84 Ck/Gujarat/Ind/3697/04 Ck/Orissa/Ind/2317/04 Ck/Punjab/Ind/2048/03 Ck/UP/Ind/2544/04 Ck/Delhi/Ind/2424/04 Y280-like G1-like Korean-like Tosh et al., Archieves of Virology 153: 1433
8 Research Projects on AI Development of vaccines for control of avian influenza in poultry Under ICAR sponsored program on Indo-US Agricultural Knowledge Initiative in collaboration with SEPRL, USA. Surveillance of migratory birds for endemic and exotic diseases of animals In collaboration with FAO, India Samples from migratory birds tracked by GPS system from various places of India Pathogenicity: Some difference in mice pathogenicity observed.
9 Research Projects on AI in-vivo efficacy of a panel of homeopathic drugs against HPAI (H5N1) in chickens sponsored by Central Council of Research on Homeopathy, New Delhi. Expression of HA gene in yeast system Under development. Genetic resistance of chickens for avian influenza Various indigenous breeds/synthetic strains - ICAR supported project.
10 Inter-Linkages Information sharing: Bilateral agreement with Bangladesh Twinning: With SAARC countries planned. Training programs Avian influenza and Bio-safety. Trainer's training sponsored by Veterinary Council of India. International training on laboratory diagnosis of Avian influenza under cross border project of FAO. Training on Sequencing and analysis of avian influenza virus under cross border project of FAO. International Workshop on Biosafety - WHO sponsored. Training program for SAARC countries on diagnosis of avian influenza.
11 International training on laboratory diagnosis of AI under cross border project of FAO from Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal and India
12 Training on Nucleotide sequencing and analysis of avian influenza virus to a Bangladesh Scientist under cross border project of FAO (November 25 December 4, 2008)
13 Avian influenza workgroup Faculty: Dr. C. Tosh Dr. S. Nagarajan Dr. H. V. Murugkar Dr. D. D. Kulkarni Dr. Sandeep Bhatia Dr. Atul Pateria Dr. G. Venkatesh Dr. K. Rajukumar Research Associates: Ms. Rajlaxmi Jain Dr. Rekha Khandia Mr. Padmanava Behera Mr. Sushil Tripathi Dr. Megha Pandey Dr. Zohra Sayeed Dr. Avdesh Kumar Dr. Vandana Gupta
14 High Security Anima Disease Laboratory, IVRI, Anand Nagar, Bhopal Thanks for your attention!
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