Vet Caress. VETERINARY CARE SERVICES Vaccines and Vaccination

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Vet Caress. VETERINARY CARE SERVICES Vaccines and Vaccination"

Paula Clark
6 years ago
Views:

1 Vet Caress VETERINARY CARE SERVICES s and Vaccination By Dr Atiqullah Khan (DVM) KEYWORDS: VACCINE, TYPES OF VACCINE, DIFFERENT BETWEEN LIVE AND KILLED VACCINE, VACCINATION SCEDULES. A.:- is a preparation that contains the organism (killed or live attenuated) or part of that organism which cause a disease that is administered to the animal to produce immunity about that disease. A is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as foreign, destroy it, and "remember" it, so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters. a) Types:- There are 2 types of. (1) Live (viable/attenuated) (2) Killed (inactivated) (3) Isolated immunogenes (Subunit) (4) Recombinant (1) Live (viable/attenuated) : In the production of Attenuated Live the viruses are grown on the host other than their natural host and thus they loss their virulency for their own host and thus they are used as a in their natural host. (2) Killed (inactivated) : Inactivated Killed is obtained by destroying the infectivity by Physical or Chemical method. In physical method Ultra Violet Light is used to obtain Inactivated Virus. In chemical method Formalin in concentration of % is used to inactivate the viruses and bacteria. Formalin denature the viral protein to some extent, but other chemical agents are ß-Propiolectone and Ethylene Oxide that inactivate the viral Nucleic Acid but not the protein. (3) Isolated immunogenes : Nucleic Acid of virus is infectious and does not play role in Immune response while Protein of virus capacid and envelop are responsible of immune response production and instead of whole virion its protein is used to produce immunity. These s are known as subunit or Isolated immunogenes. (4) Recombinant : of such type is produce by Genetic Engineering from viruses by changing in their normal Nucleic Acid (genes) and then use as a Immunogenic Agent. b) Different between a live and a killed :- 1). Live s usually contain only antigen; on the other hand Killed s are consist of concentrated antigen combined with an oil emulsion or aluminium hydroxide as an adjuvant. 2). A live may be administered by spray (aerosal), intranasal route, drinking water, or eye drop except

2 Marek's, which must be injected. A killed, on the other hand, must always be injected. 3). A smaller amount of antigen is required in live s as compare to Killed s. 4).The immunity produced by live s may be short lived or long lived. Killed s usually have the advantage of producing long term immunity. B. Routes of administration of :- (1).Animals: (a).sub cut route (b).intramuscular route (c).intra dermal route (d). Scratch Method (2).Birds: (a).eye drops (c).spray (e).through drinking water (f).wing web (g).injection (b).intranasal route (d).oral drop method (A) Suggested Broiler Vaccination Schedule Days Route 6-7 New Castle Disease (F1 or B1) Eye drop or intranasal IBD (Gumboro)/Intermediate Drinking water New Castle Disease (Lasota) Drinking water IBD (Gumboro)/Intermediate Drinking water (Adopted from Poultry diseases A Guide for Farmers and Poultry Professionals by J.L.Vegad) (B) Suggested Layer Vaccination Schedule Days Route 1-3 IBD (Gumboro)/Intermediate Eye Drop 7 LaSota Eye Drop 14 IBD (Gumboro)/Intermediate Eye Drop 18 Marek s disease 0.2 ml by IM or SC injection Infectious Bronchitis +LaSota as a combined IBD (Gumboro)/Intermediate 42 Fowl Pox Wing Web prick (stab) Week 8 LaSota (Repeat) Infectious Coryza (bacterin) (only in endemic areas) Intramuscular Injection Week Infectious Bronchitis +LaSota as a combined Week 13 New Castle Disease (R2B) Intramuscular Injection Week 14 Fowl Pox (repeat) if necessary Wing Web prick (stab) Week 18 New Castle Disease (killed) Sub Cut Injection (Adopted from Poultry diseases A Guide for Farmers and Poultry Professionals by J.L.Vegad) Vaccination Schedules for Farm Animals and Birds (Poultry):- Note:- (1).During the entire laying cycle, repeat LaSota 8 weeks from the date of R2B vaccination. In case RD killed was administered on the 18 th week, then LaSota may be given from 35 week onward. (2).Infectious coryza killed (bacterin) is recommended in areas where the problem is endemic.

3 (D) Prophylactic Calendar for Cattle and Buffalo Disease Age Dose Booster Interval Season Food and Mouth disease Riderpest Food and Mouth disease 6-8 Weeks 10 ml/sc 6,9 or 12 month Annual Preferably November of age December Rinderpest freeze goat All ages 1ml/SC Every year Preferable in winter months tissue (FDGTV) Rinderpest avianised Rinderpest laprinised Rinderpest tissue culture Anthrax Anthrax Spore (ASV) All ages 1ml/SC 6 Month Annual Preferably on Feb/March/April/May Blackquarter Polyvalent B.Q. All ages 6 Month Annual All season endemic areas Haemorrhagic septicaemia Haemorrhagic septicaemia adjuvant All ages 3ml/SC 6 Month Annual Preferable in May/June

4 (E) Prophylactic Calendar for Goats Months Adult Goat Kids (above 6 Months) January Contagious Caprine Pleuro Pneumonia (C.C.P.P) 0.2 ml/intra dermal 0.2 ml/intra dermal March HS and Goat Pox Scratch Method 2.5 ml/sc Scratch Method April Enterotoxaemia 2. May F.M.D Rinderpest 1ml/SC 1ml/SC June Black Quarter 2. July F.M.D 0. August and September Enterotoxaemia 2. (F) Prophylactic Calendar for sheep Disease Age Dose Booster Interval Season F.M.D F.M.D Adult Annual Preferably Rinderpest Rinderpest tissue culture winter/autumn 1ml/SC 6 Month Annual Winter Black Disease Black Disease 2ml/SC Annual All Season Lamb Dysentry Lamb Dysentry Lamb 2ml/SC Annual All Season Black Quarter Black Quarter Lamb 2ml/SC Annual All Season Preferably May/June (Polyvalent) Adult 3ml/SC Enterotoxaemia Enterotoxaemia Lamb Days Annual Lambing Season Adult Haemorrhaic Haemorrhaic Adult 2ml/SC Annual March/June Septicaemia Septicaemia Sheep Pox Sheep Pox Lamb Lung Worm Irradiated Lung Worm Adult Lamb 3 Months Age 3ml/SC 1000 larvae first dose Repeat at 6 Month Repeat Annually One months later 2000 larvae December/March

5 (G) Prophylactic Calendar for Dog (Schultz and Scott, 1978) Type of Age Booster Repeat Canine Distemper and Measle Virus Infectious Canine Hepatitis Virus Rabies Virus 6-8 Weeks Weeks Annual (CAV-1 o CAV-2) Or inactivated (CAV- Inactivated Virus 6-8 Weeks Weeks Annual 3-4 Months 3-4 Months 1 Year 3-4 Weeks 3 Years Annual Canine Leptospirosis Killed Bacteria 9 Weeks Weeks Annual Parvo Virus Inactivated 6-8 Weeks 12 Weeks Annual (Schultz,R.D. and Scott,F.W. 1978) Some commercial Dog s as available in the Pakistan Market are: (1).Primodog (2). Duramune (3). Rebisin (4).Rebavac (5). Eurican (6). Hexadog (7). Biocain Vaccination of Dogs:- (A).Primodog:-Produce active immunity against Canine Parvovirusis. Dose:-1 ml/sc route. Primary Vaccination:-One injection as of the age of 6 weeks even in the presence of maternally derived antibodies. Primodog is compatible and can be used in combination with Bivirovex (DH) and Leptodog (L) s. In serious risk a second injection must be performed 2 to 3 weeks later. Primary vaccination should be supplemented as of 12 weeks of age using Merial Monovalent or associated s contain canine Parvovirus component. Booster:-One injection of one year after primary vaccination, subsequently booster every other year. (B).Eurican (DHAPPI2-LR):- Produce active immunity against Canine Distemper, Adenovirus (Hepatitis), Parvovirusis, Para Influenza type 2, Leptospirosis (Leptospira canicola, Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae) and Rabies. Dose:-1 ml/sc route. Primary Vaccination:-One injection of Eurican (DHPPI2-LR) after 3 months of age.one injection of Eurican (DHPPI2-L) one month before and one month after the injection of the Eurican (DHPPI2-LR). Booster:-Annual injection of Eurican (DHPPI2-LR) for Leptospirosis in case of serious risk semi serial booster. (H) Prophylactic Calendar for Cat Type of Age Booster Repeat Faline Panleukopenia (FPL) Faline Viral Rhinotrachitis (FVR) Rabies or Inactivated 8-9 weeks Weeks Annual 8-9 weeks Weeks Annual 12 weeks Annual (Schultz,R.D. and Scott,F.W. 1978) Some commercial Cat s as available in the Pakistan Market are: (1). Felovac (2). Felocell (3). Felovex (4). Rabisin Production of Vet Caress Writers Desk

ASEAN STANDARDS FOR ANIMAL VACCINES

Adopted at the 40 th AMAF 11 October 2018 Ha Noi, Viet Nam ASEAN Cooperation in Food, Agriculture and Forestry ASEAN STANDARDS FOR ANIMAL VACCINES Third Edition Li v e s t o c k Publication Series No.2A