Schaller/Colour Atlas of Tropical Dermatology and Venerology

Transcription

1 Schaller/Colour Atlas of Tropical Dermatology and Venerology

2 K. F. Schaller (Editor) Colour Atlas of Tropical Dermatology and Venerology In collaboration with F. A. Bahmer. D. W. Buttner H. Lieske H. Rieth S. W. Wassilew. F. Weyer With 601 Figures in Colour Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York London Paris Tokyo Hong Kong Barcelona Budapest

3 Professor Dr. med. K. F. Schaller Universitatshautklinik Hamburg Eppendorf Martinistr Hamburg, Germany Present address: Konrad-Adenauer-Str Kaiserslautern, Germany ISBN-13: e-isbn-13: DOI: / This work is subject to copyrigbt. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned. specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1994 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1994 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publishers cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Reproduction: Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong Typesetting: Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong 27/ Printed on acid-free paper

4 This book is dedicated to my dear wife Helga and to our five children, Arend, Dieter, larg, Angela and Christian

5 List of Authors F. A. Bahmer U niversihits-hautklinik Homburg/Saar, Germany D. W. Buttner Bernhard-Nocht -Institut Bernhard-Nocht-Str Hamburg, Germany H. Lieske Wegzo1l Hamburg, Germany H. Rieth Oktaviostr Hamburg, Germany K. F. Schaller UniversiHitshautklinik Hamburg Eppendorf Martinistr Hamburg, Germany Present address: Konrad-Adenauer-Str Kaiserslautern, Germany S. W. Wassilew SHidtische Krankenanstalten Krefeld Dermatologische Klinik Lutherplatz Krefeld, Germany F. Weyer Behrkampsweg 34a Hamburg, Germany

6 Preface The aim of this atlas is to provide clear guidance and a source of quick and easy reference for all physicians dealing with patients suffering from exotic skin diseases and for medical staff working in tropical and subtropical regions. It is not designed to replace the numerous excellent textbooks on tropical diseases and dermatology, but rather to supplement and complement them in a practical way. The text and illustrations are the result of the personal experience gained from around the world in the last forty years, and thus provide the reader with easy to understand practical information on tropical and venereal diseases and ubiquitous dermatoses of the tropics and subtropics. The contents have been arranged, as far as possible, on the basis of aetiology, with chapters on diseases due to infectious organisms, parasites, venomous animals, and genetic, nutritional, chemical and physical factors. Further chapters deal with the ubiquitous dermatoses of unknown aetiology, arranged according to the main signs and symptoms, and the chapter on "miscellaneous dermatoses" includes a wide spectrum of skin disorders that do not fit into any of the other chapters but are too important to omit. Because of its current ominous significance in the tropics, the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been included in the chapter on viral diseases of the skin. For each condition dealt with, a readily comprehensible description of the clinical picture is provided, along with relevant details of histopathology, parasites and vectors. Treatment recommendations are also made, but because of the rapid changes in this area resulting from the continuous discovery of new drugs and immunization procedures and the development of resistance such recommendations can, of course, only be of a general nature in an atlas such as this. The practising physician is therefore recommended to consult pertinent standard texts and guidelines on the respective diseases. Synonyms do not change as rapidly as recommended treatments, and in an atlas of tropical dermatology and venerology are indispensable to those readers whose first language is not the same as that used in the text: Thus, in addition to the English names, Spanish, French, German, Latin and local names as far as they are known are quoted for each condition. Finally, for some infectious skin diseases, the distribution and life cycles of the parasites are shown in maps and diagrams. I am indebted to many colleagues, whose names and contributions are listed on page 305, for their help in preparing this colour atlas, and especially to WHO and W. Peters, H. M. Gilles and G. Piekarski for having granted permission to use figures from their outstanding publications. It is my privilege to thank the contributing authors for their most valuable work: F. A. Bahmer who in addition took great care of the production of the manuskript in due time, D. W. Buttner, H. Lieske, H. Rieth also for his careful reading of the manuskript, S. W. Wassilew and F. Weyer. To H. Zaun, the director of the University Dermatology Clinic at Homburg an der Saar, my best thanks are due for having generously provided the facilities essential to complete the work. Finally, I wish to express my gratitude to the publishers, Springer Verlag, for their great help in publishing this atlas of tropical dermatology and venerology. K. F. Schaller

7 Table of Contents Chapter 1 Viral Diseases of the Skin.... Variola Vera.... Molluscum Contagiosum.... Varicella.... Herpes Zoster.... Herpes Simplex.... Verrucae Planae.... Verrucae Vulgares.... Verrucae Plantares.... Condylomata Acuminata.... Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis.... Measles.... Rubella.... Dengue Fever.... Sandfly Fever.... Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Ecthyma.... Erysipelas.... Scarlatina.... NonpyococcalInfections..... Pseudofolliculitis.... Folliculitis Cheloidalis.... Tropical Ulcer.... Anthrax.... Bartonellosis.... Rhinoscleroma.... Erysipeloid.... Cancrum Oris.... Erythrasma.... Plague.... Rat Bite Fever Chapter 2 Rickettsial Diseases.... Epidemic Typhus.... Endemic Typhus.... Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.... Tick Bite Fever.... Rickettsial Pox.... Scrub Typhus.... Chapter 3 Bacterial Dermatoses.... Mycobacterial Infections.... Leprosy.... Tuberculosis.... Mycobacterium ulcerans Infection.... Mycobacterium marinum Infection.... Pyococcal Infections.... Follicular Impetigo.... Sycosis Barbae.... Sycosis Cruris.... Furuncle.... Carbuncle.... Acne Necrotica.... Hidradenitis Suppurativa.... Bullous Impetigo.... Granuloma Pyogenicum.... Impetigo Contagiosa Chapter 4 Endemic Treponematoses yaws.... Pinta.... Endemic Syphilis.... Chapter 5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases.... Syphilis.... Gonorrhoea.... Chancroid Lymphogranuloma Venereum.... Granuloma Inguinale.... Chapter 6 Superficial Fungal Dermatoses..... Tinea Imbricata.... Tinea Nigra.... Piedra.... Favus.... Tinea Capitis.... Tinea Barbae.... Tinea Corporis.... Tinea Pedum et Manuum.... Tinea Unguium.... Trichophytic Granuloma.... Dermatophytids.... Tinea Versicolor.... Candido sis

8 XII Table of Contents Chapter 7 Deep Mycoses Chapter 13 Pigmentary Disorders Mycetoma Albinism and Piebaldism Sporotrichosis Vitiligo Chromomycosis Leucoderma and Leucomelanoderma Lobo's Disease Pityriasis Alba Paracoccidioidomycosis Chloasma North American Blastomycosis BerJoque Dermatitis Coccidioidomycosis Riehl's Melanosis African Histoplasmosis Rhinosporidiosis Entomophthoromycosis Chapter 14 Genodermatoses Ichthyoses Chapter 8 Protozoan Dermatoses Keratosis PiIaris Keratosis Palmoplantaris Chagas' Disease Mal de Meleda African Trypanosomiasis Porokeratosis of MibeIIi Cutaneous Amoebiasis Darier's Disease Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Epidermolysis BuIIosa American Leishmaniasis Neurofibromatosis Recklinghausen Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Adenoma Sebaceum Post-Kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum Trichoepithelioma Chapter 9 Helminthic Dermatoses Xeroderma Pigmentosum Steatocystoma Multiplex Creeping Eruption Filariasis Loiasis Chapter 15 Eczema, Dermatitis and Prurigo Dracunculiasis Atopic Dermatitis Onchocerciasis Seborrhoeic Dermatitis Late Cutaneous Schistosomiasis Gravitational Eczema Cercarial Dermatitis Asteatotic Eczema Nummular Eczema Chapter 10 Dermatoses due to Arthropods Pompholyx Lichen Simplex Chronicus Scabies Allergic Contact Dermatitis Tick Bites Dermatitis Due to Plants Pulicosis Photo-allergic Contact Dermatitis Tungiasis Infective Dermatitis Pediculosis Prurigo Phthiriasis Pubis Nodular Prurigo Cutaneous Myiasis Beetle Dermatitis Chapter 16 Maculopapulosqamous Dermatoses Chapter 11 Venomous Animals Psoriasis Venomous Coelenterates Parapsoriasis Venomous Fish Lichen Planus Venomous Arthropods Pityriasis Rosea Venomous Snakes Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris Chapter 12 Dermatoses due to Malnutrition Chapter 17 Vesiculobullous Eruptions Kwashiorkor Pemphigus Vulgaris Vitamin A Deficiency Pemphigus Foliaceus Pellagra Pemphigus Erythematosus Riboflavin Deficiency Brazilian Pemphigus

9 Table of Contents XIII Pemphigus Vegetans Blue Naevus Pemphigoid Pigmented Hairy Cellular Naevus Benign Mucosal Pemphigoid Cutis Verticis Gyrata Dermatitis Herpetiformis NaevusVerrucosus Benign Chronic Bullous Dermatitis of Naevus Flammeus Childhood Naevus Vasculosus Herpes Gestationis Naevus Cavernosus Naevus Anaemicus Naevus of Klippel-Trenaunay Chapter 18 Connective Tissue Disorders Lymphangioma Circumscriptum Chronic Discoid Lupus Erythematosus Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Dermatomyositis Chapter 23 Benign Skin Tumours Localized Scleroderma Keloid Generalized Scleroderma Histiocytoma Systemic Sclerosis Fibroma Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicans Lipoma Ainhum Leiomyoma Dupuytren's Contracture Seborrhoeic Keratoses Striae Distensae Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra Syringoma Sebaceous Cyst Chapter 19 Urticaria, Erythema Multiforme Mucous Cyst and Drug Eruptions Dermal Cylindroma Urticaria Erythema Multiforme Annular Erythemas Chapter 24 Malignant Skin Tumours Erythema Nodosum Bowen's Disease Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Erythroplasia of Queyrat Drug Eruptions Paget's Disease Basal Cell Epithelioma Leucoplakia Chapter 20 Diseases of the Skin Appendages Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastatic Malignant Tumours of the Skin Acne Vulgaris Lentigo Maligna Rosacea Malignant Melanoma Miliaria Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans Alopecia Areata Classical Kaposi's Sarcoma Alopecia Artefacta Mycosis Fungoides Cicatricial Alopecia Burkitt's Lymphoma Retinoblastoma Chapter 21 Diseases due to Physical Agents Callosity Chapter 25 Miscellaneous Dermatoses Burns Sarcoidosis Cold Injury Granuloma Annulare Erythema ab Igne Granuloma Multiforme Sunburn Foreign Body Granuloma Polymorphic Light Eruption Xanthomatosis Actinic Cheilitis Endemic Goitre Elastotic Degeneration Gout Radiodermatitis Milium Chapter 22 Naevoid Conditions Porphyria Cutanea Tarda Erythroderma Purpura Anaphylactoides Naevus Cell Naevus Acanthosis Nigricans Benign Juvenile Melanoma Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris

10 XIV Table of Contents Keratoderma Plant are Sulcatum Artefacts.... Subject Index Bibliography Acknowledgements