AGENDA for 01/09/14 AGENDA: HOMEWORK: Due end of period OBJECTIVES:

Transcription

1 AGENDA for 01/09/14 AGENDA: : Diabetic Emergency! Blood Glucose Effects on Simulated Cellular Models Egg Demo Day 3 OBJECTIVES: 1. Design an experiment to simulate osmosis in body cells 2. Relate the movement of water in model cells to the symptoms that Anna experienced HOMEWORK: Due end of period Activity Packet

2 2.3 Key Terms Hemoglobin A1c A test that measures the level of hemoglobin A1c in the blood as a means of determining the average blood sugar concentrations for the preceding two to three months. Hyperglycemia Hypertonic Hypoglycemia Hypotonic Isotonic Osmosis An excess of sugar in the blood. In comparing two solutions, referring to the one with a greater solute concentration. Abnormal decrease of sugar in the blood. In comparing two solutions, referring to the one with a lower solute concentration. Having the same solute concentration as another solution. The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Solute Solution Solvent A substance that is dissolved in a solution. A liquid that is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. The dissolving agent of a solution. Water is the most versatile solvent known.

3 Review of Diffusion and Osmosis

4 Solute + Solvent = Solution Substances dissolved in a solvent, usually a liquid like water solution This substance is called a solute

5 Diffusion Solutes in high concentration will always move to areas of lower concentration until all areas have the same concentration This is due to the random movement of the particles

6 The Cell Membrane The cell membrane, made from 2 layers (a bilayer)of a lipid-based molecule called a phospholipid

7 The Cell Membrane is a Semi- Permeable Membrane It allows only very small and similar non-polar molecules through It prevents large and polar molecules from going through Small molecules can go through by simple diffusion So the membrane is semi-permeable it is permeable or allows only some things to go through it

8 When the cell membrane is not permeable to a particular molecule (because it is very large or polar like salts and sugar), water molecules, being very small, will go through the membrane so that the solute concentration on both sides of the membrane are equal This may change the water level, pressure and/or shape of the membrane Osmosis

9 Different Solution Concentrations Affect the Cell due to Osmosis If the solution surrounding the cell has a HIGHER solute concentration HYPERTONIC water goes out of the cell If the solution surrounding the cell has a LOWER solute concentration HYPOTONIC water goes into the cell If the solution surrounding the cell is EQUAL to the solute concentration inside the cell ISOTONIC water goes in and out of the cell equally (no change)

10 Essential Questions for How do the terms hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia relate to diabetes? 3. What might happen to cells that are exposed to high concentrations of sugar? 4. How do Type I and Type II diabetes differ? 5. What are the current treatments for Type I and Type II diabetes? 6. What is the importance of checking blood sugar levels for a diabetic? 7. How can an insulin pump help a diabetic?

11 Activity Objectives Use a model of a cell to simulate how the body reacts to varying blood glucose concentrations

12 Conclusion Question 1. Explain the role that exercise plays in maintaining healthy blood sugar levels. 2. Describe what happened to the model cell that was submerged in a low glucose solution for 20 minutes. Explain why this occurs. 3. Explain why hospitals use saline solutions to hydrate patients instead of distilled water. 4. How does preventing a diabetic emergency affect the day to day life of a diabetic? What special considerations do they have to make as they go about their day? 5. Explain how having an insulin pump may decrease the chance of a diabetic having a diabetic emergency. Due Thurs, 01-10

13 2.3.2 Activity Checklist Diffusion-Osmosis/Egg Demo Notes (NB or LB) STAMP Scenario Analysis (LB) STAMP Dialysis Tubing Practice STAMP Experiment Predictions (LB) STAMP Completed Data Chart (LB) Data Analysis and Calculations (LB) Explanation of Symptoms (LB) Insulin Pump Notes (LB) Conclusion Questions 10.Clean-Up STAMP Total = 25

14 Activity Directions

15 Scenario Analysis (LB) 1. Refer to curriculum file for more detailed instructions 2. Refer to steps Make sure you list the symptoms described in each scenario keep your information well organized 4. Define hyperglycemia, and list the symptoms 5. Define hyoglycemia, and list the symptoms 6. Get a stamp

16 Dialysis Tubing Practice 1. Each person will get a chance to practice filling and tying a dialysis tube to prepare for the experiment 2. Refer to steps 11 and in the curriculum file 3. Instead of filling with normal saline solution, fill the tube with tap water 4. Each person in the group show me his or her own tubing for a stamp

17 Experiment Predictions (LB) 1. Refer to curriculum file for more detailed instructions 2. Refer to steps Write your prediction in your LB, and get a stamp 4. Must finish this step before proceeding further

18 Completed Data Chart (LB) 1. Refer to curriculum file for more detailed instructions. 2. To make the chart, refer to step Make sure you pay attention to the instructor when further instructions given or changes are made 4. Carry out the experiment detailed in steps 9-31 in order to fill out your data chart

19 Data Analysis and Calculations (LB) 1. Refer to curriculum file for more detailed instructions. 2. After you finish the experiment and fill out your data chart, answer questions about the experiment given in steps 21, 35 and In steps 33-34, you are asked to calculate the mass change and percent change in mass (the equations are given in the curriculum file). Perform these calculations in your LB

20 Explanation of Symptoms (LB) 1. Refer to curriculum file for more detailed instructions. 2. Refer to step Go back to Anna Garcia s medical history resource sheet (it s on the website under Activity 2.1.1) 4. Write a paragraph (should be about 5 or more sentences) explaining her symptoms using the results of your experiment to justify your conclusions

21 Insulin Pump Notes (LB) 1. Refer to curriculum file for more detailed instructions. 2. Refer to step In your LB (or NB if running out of space), take notes on insulin pumps by visiting the website mentioned on the curriculum file 4. Include a drawing of an insulin pump that you find during your research

22 Clean-Up 1. Get a stamp when you clean-up after the dialysis tubing experiment (day 2 of activity)