Biology, Friday, September 29

Transcription

1 Biology, Friday, September 29 On page 62 of your INB, in the top box, write the following questions on the left and answer it on the right. What is the function of the cell membrane? Your Answer Here

2 Micrographs from the lab! Monica-5 Pamela-3 Eric - 5

3 Introduction to cell membrane and transport On page 91 in your notebook: Watch this video Write down 3 interesting and important things from the video

4 The Cell Theory and Membrane Transport Page 73 Highlight with purpose: HEADINGS IMPORTANT WORDS VOCABULARY

5 A CELL IS A MEMBRANE BOUND STRUCTURE THAT IS THE BASIC UNIT OF LIFE THE CELL

6 THE FIRST PERSON TO OBSERVE LIVING CELLS WAS A DUTCH MICROSCOPE MAKER, ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK ( ) THE CELL

7 THE CELL THEORY 1. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE COMPOSED OF ONE OR MORE CELLS

8 THE CELL THEORY 2. CELLS ARE THE BASIC UNITS OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN AN ORGANISM

9 THE CELL THEORY 3. CELLS COME ONLY FROM THE REPRODUCTION OF EXISTING CELLS (cells come from other cells)

10 Write a question!wwrite You have 2 minutes to write a question on the left column of your notebook. Level 3 words: Apply, Build, Choose, Construct, Discover, Examine, Inspect, Group, Dinstinguish, Relationships, Conclude

11 EXTRA NOTES You can put an X next to the Fluid Mosaic Model Take the following notes in the space on the right

12 Cell Membrane The cell membrane is flexible. Also known as the Plasma Membrane copyright cmassengale 12

13 Cell Membrane Helps to maintain homeostasis - balance in the cell The plasma membrane is selectively permeable it will control what enters and leaves the cell

14 Cell Membrane Components

15 MEMBRANE LIPIDS PHOSPHOLIPID: HAS A POLAR HEAD 2 NON-POLAR TAILS (fatty acid tails) REMEMBER: Polar means uneven charges What molecule is Polar? Draw This!

16 MEMBRANE LIPIDS PHOSPHOLIPID: HYDROPHILIC Head= CLOSE TO WATER AS POSSIBLE HYDROPHOBIC Tail = FAR AWAY FROM WATER AS POSSIBLE Hate H 2 O

17 LIPID BILAYER THE CELL IS SURROUNDED BY WATER WATER MOLECULES ON BOTH SIDES OF THE CELL MEMBRANE Outside of cell Inside of cell

18 LIPID BILAYER H 2 0 MOLECULES CAUSE THE PHOSPHOLIPIDS TO FORM 2 LAYERS LIPID BILAYER! PHOSPHOLIPID HEAD FACE OUTWARD & TAILS INWARD

19 Write a question!wwrite You have 2 minutes to write a question on the left column of your notebook. Level 3 words: Apply, Build, Choose, Construct, Discover, Examine, Inspect, Group, Dinstinguish, Relationships, Conclude

20 Exit Ticket Explain how the structure of the phospholipid results in a lipid bilayer that makes up the plasma membrane. (words you might use: polar, nonpolar, hydrophilic, hydrophobic)

21 Biology, Monday, October 2 On page 62 of your INB, in the fourth box, write the following questions on the left and answer it on the right. Where do cells come from? Your Answer Here

22 Integral Proteins Proteins THAT ARE EMBEDDED INTO THE LIPID BILAYER CAN BE EXPOSED TO THE INSIDE AND OUTSIDE OF THE CELL

23 OFTEN CARBS ATTACHED TO INTEGRAL PROTEINS EXPOSED TO THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT THE CARBOHYDRATES CAN: HOLD ADJOINING CELLS TOGETHER ACT AS SITES WHERE VIRUSES OR CHEMICAL MESSAGES CAN ATTACH (EX. HORMONES) INTEGRAL PROTEINS CAN FORM CHANNELS OR PORES USED FOR TRANSPORT

24 PERIPHERAL PROTEINS: LOCATED ON BOTH INTERIOR & EXTERIOR SURFACES OF THE CELL MEMBRANE Act as partners of other proteins

25 Movement Across the Membrane Passive Transport: 1. Diffusion AND 2. Osmosis Requires No Energy Movement of like species from area of high concentration to low

26 Movement Across the Membrane Active Transport: Movement from an area of LOW concentration to an area of HIGH concentration 1. Na+/K+ Pump 2. Endocytosis/Exocytosis 3. Requires Energy Movement from an area of LOW concentration to an area of HIGH concentration

27 With your time left Complete the student choice page on p. 72 about the cell membrane You may not do a concept map

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29 Closing Parking Lot: On a sticky note, write your name and then write: A question you have about the cell membrane OR Something you know about the cell membrane

30 Biology, Wed., October 4 Staple the blank box page on top of page 62. Write the following question in the top left box and write your answer below. Where do cells come from? Your Answer Here

31 Complete Your Measurements Read Day 2 procedures in your lab Remember: Dry off your grapes before you weigh them Record your data in the table After you do your calculations, Share your percent change data with Dr. Wagner

32 Calculations Thus if Day 1 Mass = 5.6g and Day 2 Mass = 5.0 g then:

33 Graphing After you have filled out your entire data table, graph your results. You should make a bar graph, with the bars graphed so that Day 1 and Day 2 for each solution are next to each other.

34 Complete Your Measurements Read Day 2 procedures in your lab Remember: Dry off your grapes before you weigh them Record your data in the table After you do your calculations, Share your percent change data with Dr. Wagner

35 Tuesday, Oct. 10 Exit Ticket Explain why disturbing or sabotaging another classes experiments in wrong. Your answer must be in complete sentences and at least 3 sentences long.

36 Tuesday, October 10 In the middle top box on page 62, extra sheet, write the following question and your answer below. Explain two differences between active and passive transport? Your Answer Here

37 Diffusion why is it important?

38 Permeability of the Cell Membrane- REVIEW: Selectively Permeable: What can cross the cell membrane?

39 Permeability of the Cell Membrane

40 p. 75 Passive Transport Diffusion = movement of like species from high [ ] to low [ ]. [] = concentration

41 Which way will the solute go?

42 Question: What s in a Solution? Answer: solute + solvent solution NaCl + H 2 0 saltwater Kool-aid powder + H 2 0 Kool-Aid

43 Passive Transport Ion Channels = a specialized membrane movement of K +, Ca 2+, Cl -, and Na + ions.

44 Facilitated Diffusion = process is used for molecules that cannot diffuse rapidly through the cell membrane.

45 Osmosis = movement of a solvent (usually water) from area of high[] to low [] across selectively permeable membrane Higher Concentration of Water Water molecules Lower Concentration of Water Sugar molecules

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47 Thursday, October 12 In the top right box on page 62, extra sheet, write the following question and your answer below. What is the difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion? Your Answer Here

48 Parking Lot Questions What would happen if a cell did not have active or passive diffusion? What is the relationship between ion channels and facilitated diffusion?

49 Examples of Facilitated Diffusion Transporters Ion Channels

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51 HYPOTONIC: [ ] of dissolved substances is lower outside cell than inside cell Water goes to where the particles are HYPO means below strength Water will move INTO cell causing it to SWELL HYPO-SWELL

52 Cells could rupture if the cell takes in too much water known as CYTOLYSIS or LYSIS In plant cells, this increases pressure inside of cell (TURGOR PRESSURE) Why? HYPOTONIC:

53 Hypotonic A solution with a lower solute concentration compared to another solution. Which way will the water move? 3% Na 97% H 2 O Red Blood Cell solution 1% Na 99% H 2 O

54 HYPERTONIC: [ ] of dissolved substances is higher outside the cell, lower inside cell HYPER means above strength Water goes to where the particles are H 2 O rushes OUT of cell causing it to SHRIVEL or SHRINK HYPER-SHRINK

55 HYPERTONIC: Can result in PLASMOLYSIS in plants which causes wilting HYPER KIDS GO OUT TO PLAY!!!

56 Hypertonic A solution with a greater solute concentration compared to another solution. Which way will the water move? 3% NaCl 97% H 2 O Red Blood Cell solution 5% NaCl 95% H 2 O

57 ISOTONIC [ ] of dissolved substances is the same on the outside as the inside of the cell No net movement of water

58 ISOTONIC ISO- means equal to Movement into cell = movement out of cell

59 Isotonic A solution with an equal solute concentration compared to another solution. Which way will the water move? 3% Na 97% H 2 O Red Blood Cell solution 3% Na 97% H 2 O

60 Osmosis Problems, Page 74 Due FRIDAY 75 45

61 EXIT TICKET Explain the difference between hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic through a thinking map (you must also include illustrations of the cell in these states)

62 PARKING LOT Put your name on a sticky note I have a question about osmosis or diffusion.. OR I know this about diffusion/osmosis Put your sticky note on the PARKING LOT

63 Friday, October 13 In the left box, second row, on page 62, extra sheet, write the following question and your answer below. What is plasmolysis and cytolysis? Your Answer Here

64 Active Transport Requires both energy, in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate), and protein pumps

65 Active Transport

66 Endocytosis = the process by which cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules, and large particles. Pinocytosis = water Phagocytosis = particles (solids)

67 Exocytosis = the process by which cells remove fluids, macromolecules, and large particles.

68 Na/ K + pumps Helps maintain the Sodium and Potassium concentration gradients inside and outside of the cell Step 1: 3 Na+ ions attach to high level binding site Step 2: ATP is hydrolyzed, transferring a Phosphate to the pump

69 Na/ K + pumps Step 3: The pump changes shape moving Na+ ouside! Step 4: Na+ break off & 2 K+ bind to site Step 5: Phosphate (P) is hydrolyzed, 3 changing the ATP to ADP

70 Na/ K + pumps Step 6: Pump changes shape and K+ attach to low level binding site Step 7: K+ leave and cycle starts again!!!

71 Transport Summary

72 As you watch the video, answer the questions on the sheet your teacher gives you. Staple this page on page 75

73 HOMEWORK 3-4 level 4 questions on page 75

74 FLUID MOSAIC MODEL USED TO DESCRIBE THE CELL MEMBRANE THE LIPID BILAYER (aka: Cell Membrane) BEHAVES MORE LIKE A FLUID THAN A SOLID THIS ALLOWS FOR A LATERAL MOVEMENT PROTEINS W/I THE LIPID BILAYER PATTERN IS CONSTANTLY CHANGING!