Chapter 10. Cardiovascular, Immune, Lymphatic Systems and Blood. Copyright 2018, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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1 Chapter 10 Cardiovascular, Immune, Lymphatic Systems and Blood

2 Chapter 10 Objective 1: Pronounce organs and anatomic structures.

3 Cardiovascular System The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and a closed network of blood vessels composed of arteries, capillaries, and veins.

4 Interior of the Heart

5 Types of Blood Vessels

6 Composition of Blood

7 The Lymphatic System The lymphatic system consists of lymph transported through lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, the spleen, and thymus gland.

8 The Immune System: Functions The immune system does not have its own organs and structures. Functions: protects the body against pathogens (bacteria, fungi, and viruses), foreign agents that cause allergic reactions or toxins (insect bites), and abnormal body cells (e.g., cancer).

9 Three Lines of Defense

10 Chapter 10 Objective 2: Define and spell word parts.

11 Lymphatic System tonsill/o (Chapter 5) thym/o lymphaden/o lymph node FLUID and tissue lymph/o (lymph, lymph tissue)

12 Suffixes and Review Suffix 1. -ac 2. -apheresis 3. -penia 4. -poiesis 5. -sclerosis Definition 1. pertaining to 2. removal 3. abnormal reduction in number 4. formation 5. hardening

13 Review Question Which of the following means vein? a) arteri/o b) phleb/o c) valv/o

14 Chapter 10 Objective 3: Define, pronounce, and spell disease and disorder terms related to the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems and blood.

15 Aortic Stenosis

16 Review Question (1 of 2) Which of the following is analyzed correctly? a) ather/o/sclerosis b) ather/o/scler/osis c) ather/o/sclero/sis

17 Review Question (2 of 2) thromb osis ather o sclerosis

18 Atrial Fibrillation

19 Aneurysm

20 Coarctation of the Aorta

21 Common Types of Anemia

22 ANEMIA CODING IN ICD-10: International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (10th Revision) CODE CODE TITLE NUMBER D50.0 Iron deficiency anemia secondary to blood loss (chronic) D51.0 Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia due to intrinsic factor deficiency D59.0 Drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia D62 Acute posthemorrhagic anemia D63.0 Anemia in neoplastic disease D63.1 Anemia in chronic kidney disease D63.8 Anemia in other chronic diseases classified elsewhere D64.81 Anemia due to antineoplastic chemotherapy

23 Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word Parts: Lymphatic System Hodgkin disease infectious mononucleosis Stroll Down Memory Lane how would you classify the origin of the medical term Hodgkin disease? Eponym

24 Chapter 10 Objective 4: Define, pronounce, and spell surgical terms related to the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems and blood.

25 Fill in the blanks to label the diagram. end arter ectomy

26 Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

27 Name and Define this Device A B C CORONARY STENT supportive scaffold device placed in the coronary artery; used to prevent closure of the artery after angioplasty or atherectomy; used to treat an artery occluded by plaque

28 Automatic Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator

29 Review Question Which of the following is performed to remove fatty plaque from an artery? a) angioplasty b) aneurysmectomy c) atherectomy

30 Name this procedure to obtain a sample of the liquid portion of the bone marrow, usually from the ilium (upper hip bone) for study Bone Marrow Aspiration

31 Chapter 10 Objective 5: Define, pronounce, and spell diagnostic terms related to the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems and blood.

32 Name and give the abbreviation(s) for this Diagnostic Exam: record of the electrical activity of the heart Electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG)

33 Measurement of Blood Pressure

34 Review Question Which measures the number of times per minute the heart beat is felt on the arterial wall? a) CPK b) blood pressure c) pulse

35 Chapter 10 Objective 6: Define, pronounce, and spell complementary terms related to the cardiovascular and immune systems and blood.

36 Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts: Cardiovascular System intra ven ous

37 Review Question A patient diagnosed with leukemia would seek treatment from a: a) hematologist b) cardiologist c) phlebologist

38 Normal Rhythm, Atrial Fibrillation, and Ventricular Fibrillation Normal Atrial Fibrillation Ventricular Fibrillation

39 Placement of Defibrillator Paddles

40 Chapter 10 Objective 7: Interpret the meaning of abbreviations related to the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems and blood.

41 Provide the abbreviation for the definition. DEFINITION 1. nuclear medicine scan that visualizes the heart from several different angles producing three-dimensional images; used to assess damage to cardiac tissue ABBREVIATION 1. SPECT 2. AV 3. CPR 4. IV 5. ACS 2. pertaining to the atrium and ventricle 3. emergency procedure consisting of external cardiac compressions; may be accompanied by artificial ventilation 4. pertaining to within the vein 5. sudden symptoms of insufficient blood supply to the heart indicating unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction

42 Abbreviation Review Name the abbreviation for the term meaning record of the heart using sound (waves). ECHO

43 MORE Abbreviation Review Abbreviation 1. PTCA 2. CBC 3. CABG 4. HF 5. HTN Meaning 1. percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty 2. complete blood count 3. coronary artery bypass graft 4. heart failure 5. hypertension

44 Chapter 10 Objective 8: Apply medical language in clinical contexts.

45 Pronounce Medical Terms in Use

46 Comprehend Medical Terms in Use Test your comprehension of the terms in the previous medical document by answering the following. 1. T F A radiographic image was used to diagnose deep vein thrombosis. 2. The patient was diagnosed with: a. inflammation of the vein b. vascular inflammatory disorder c. a clot in a vein in the lower extremity d. a clot in the blood vessels of the heart 3. A blood test will be used to determine: a. bleeding time b. the time it takes for blood to form a clot c. the oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cell d. certain coagulation activity defects

47 Interpret Medical Terms (1 of 3) To test your understanding of the terms introduced in this chapter, circle the words that correctly complete the sentences. The italicized words refer to the correct definition. 1. Yellowish, fatty plaque within the arteries is (arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, aortosclerosis). 2. Inflammation of a vein associated with a clot is called a (thrombosis, phlebitis, thrombophlebitis). 3. Inflammation of the middle muscular layer of the heart is (endocarditis, myocarditis, pericarditis). 4. Another name for a heart attack is (myocardial infarction, coronary fibrillation, angina pectoris).

48 Interpret Medical Terms (2 of 3) 5. The surgical excision of a thickened artery interior is an (atherectomy, angioplasty, endarterectomy). 6. An acute infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus is (anemia, infectious mononucleosis, rheumatic heart disease). 7. Reduction of body temperature to a level below normal results in a condition called (hypothermia, hypertension, hyperthermia). 8. (cardiac catheterization, cardiac scan, aortogram) is used to examine the condition of the heart and surrounding blood vessels. 9. An abnormal cardiac sound heard through auscultation or (hemorrhage, murmur, pulse) is sometimes the result of many episodes of rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease occurring in children.

49 Interpret Medical Terms (3 of 3) 10. The doctor uses an (echocardiograph, electrocardiogram, angioscope) to visualize the blood vessel and guide the laser beam to open blocked arteries; this procedure is called (echocardiography, angioscopy). 11. The following is a nuclear medicine test used to diagnose coronary artery disease (coronary stent, sestamibi test, transesophageal echocardiogram). 12. Each time the patient came in contact with house dust she immediately began to sneeze and experienced rhinorrhea. She visited a(n) (allergist, immunologist, hematologist) to seek relief from her symptoms. 13. Peanuts are an antigen that can trigger an exaggerated lifethreatening reaction or (allergen, anaphylaxis, allergies).

50 Similar Word Parts angi/o = vessel aort/o = aorta ather/o = yellowish, fatty plaque arteri/o = artery atri/o = atrium arthr/o = joint (in Chapter 14)

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