HUMIC SUBSTANCES AND THE POTENTIAL TO COUNTER FIGHT DESERTIFICATION

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1 HUMIC SUBSTANCES AND THE PTENTIAL T CUNTER FIGHT DESERTIFICATIN Dr. Raimonds Kasparinskis Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia

2 WHAT DES IT MEAN HUMIC SUBSTANCES (HS)? 1.rganic Matter 2.Humus 3.Humic Substances 4.Humic Acid (alkali soluble) 5.Fulvic Acid (soluble across the whole ph range) 6.Humin and Mineral (insoluble)

$Humic: soil conditioning fraction Fulvic:$

3 WHAT DES IT MEAN HUMIC SUBSTANCES (HS)? Humic: soil conditioning fraction Fulvic: biological fraction

4 WHAT DES IT MEAN HUMIC SUBSTANCES (HS)? The main component of soil organic matter (SM), composing up to % of them. But in the same time HS can be considered as one of the key elements in the biogeochemical turnover of the carbon possibly being the most abundant of naturally occurring organic macromolecules on the Earth ( t). As far as HS are able to interact with inorganic and organic substances, they act as carriers of them much influencing fluxes of elements in the environment.

5 WHAT DES IT MEAN HUMIC SUBSTANCES (HS)? As far as major reservoir of HS are soils, they are important factor in various areas of agriculture, such as soil chemistry, fertility, plant physiology and others. In the same time HS can be considered as an important resource, as far as they can be extracted in industrial amounts from sources (soil, peat, coal and others) in which they are abundant and consecutively applied to achieve or increase their positive impacts.

6 RESURCES PEATLANDS

7 RESURCES PEATLANDS

8 RESURCES PEATLANDS

9 THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS F HUMIC SUBSTANCES? DIRECT IMPACT on plant growth Improvement of the overall plant biomass effects. INDIRECT IMPACT on plant growth Increase of fertilizer efficiency or reducing soil compaction.

10 THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS F HUMIC SUBSTANCES? In particular, the increase of root and shoot growth can be used to indicate the effects of HS. The stimulatory effects of HS have been correlated to the maintenance of nutrients and trace elements in soil solution at effective concentrations. This effect has been mainly attributed to the complexing properties of HS, which increase the availability of micronutrients from low-soluble compounds.

11 BIMACRMLECULE F SIL HUMIC SUBSTANCE H H H H H H H (CH 3 ) 0 _ 3 H H H H H H H H N H (CH 3 ) 0 _ 2 H H H H H (CH 3 )_ 2 N H H (CH 3 ) 0 _ 5 H H H H H H H H H (CH 3 ) 0 _ 2 H N H H N H (CH 3 ) 0 _ 4 (CH 3 ) 0 _ 3 H H H H H H CH 3 H H H (CH 3 ) 0 _ 4 (CH 3 ) 0 _ 2 N CH 2 H (CH 3 ) 0 _ 5

12 THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS F HUMIC SUBSTANCES? HS can be taken up by plants and influence their metabolism, also on cell membrane functions, promoting nutrient uptake, or plant growth and development, by acting as hormone like substances. There are many reports showing that HS, extracted from a wide range of soils, were able to enhance respiration of higher plants. There is a lot of evidence that HS have an auxin-like and high hormonal activity.

13 THE FUNCTINS F HUMIC SUBSTANCES IN ENVIRNMENT In contrast to the highly specialized and individualized roles of molecules in biological processes, the functions of HS in the environment do not necessitate the participation of specific molecules. The functions of HS in the soil environment, e.g.: ph-buffering; binding of clay particles; serving as a reservoir for various micronutrient metal ions; sequestration and transport of metal ions; retaining moisture, etc., are less specific than those in biological systems.

14 THE FUNCTINS F HUMIC SUBSTANCES IN ENVIRNMENT In fact, the general functions of HS in the soil could, in principle, be satisfied by many of the direct, unaltered products of living cells such as proteins, polysaccharides, or polynucleotides. These biopolymers possess the requisite combination of hydrophilic, acidic, complexing and sorptive properties for performing the tasks cited above. Nevertheless, these biopolymers are not, and cannot, be directly utilized in place of HS in the ecological system. Biopolymers generally do not survive for long periods in the open environment as they decompose rapidly through microbially mediated breakdown. In contrast, HS are refractory.

15 THE FUNCTINS F HUMIC SUBSTANCES IN ENVIRNMENT Thus HS could be applied to desert and saline soils to increase fertility. HS constitute the only natural organic material that can survive in bulk and still possess the requisite chemical reactivity to perform the various functions for sustaining soil quality and promoting plant growth. In satisfying the need in soils for a persistent material capable of performing a number of functions necessary for plant growth, nature has adopted a simple and elegant solution whereby plants benefit vitally from the ubiquitous, immediately surrounding organic medium resulting from the decay of the plants predecessors.

16 EXTRACTIN F HUMIC SUBSTANCES FRM PEAT BY USING IHSS* STANDARTMETHD EXTRACTIN F HUMIC ACIDS SAMPLE F DRIED HUMIC ACIDS

17 CHANGES F PEAT FIBRE DUE T EXTRACTIN F HUMIC SUBSTANCES NN TREATED PEAT HEAT-TREATED PEAT PEAT TRATED BY ULTRA-SUND PEAT TREATED BY CAVITATIN PEAT TREATED BY VAPUR- EXPLSIN TECHNLGIES F INTENSIVE EXTRACTIN F HUMIC SUBSTANCES PRVIDE EFECTIVE DISRUPTIN F PEAT FIBRE (BY PRVIDING HIGHER CNCENTRATINS F HUMIC SUBSTANCES IN SHRT ERM)

THE MST IMPRTANT DIRECTINS F HUMIC SUBSTANCES USE FERTILIZATIN IN BILGICAL AND TRADITINAL AGRICULTURE BICIDES, PESTICIDES FD AND FRAGE ADDITIVE

18 THE MST IMPRTANT DIRECTINS F HUMIC SUBSTANCES USE FERTILIZATIN IN BILGICAL AND TRADITINAL AGRICULTURE BICIDES, PESTICIDES FD AND FRAGE ADDITIVE DRILLING SLUTINS SURFACE ACTIVE SUBSTANCES TEHNCLGIES F ENVIRNMENTAL RECULTIVATIN PRDUCTS FR USE IN CSMETICS PRDUCTS FR USE IN PHARMACY ELIXIRE PEAT

19 EFFICIENCY EXAMPLES F HUMIC SUBSTANCES PRDUCTS USE UNTREATED BY HUMIC SUBSTANCES TREATED BY HUMIC SUBSTANCES

20 EFFICIENCY EXAMPLES F HUMIC SUBSTANCES PRDUCTS USE UNTREATED BY HUMIC SUBSTANCES TREATED BY HUMIC SUBSTANCES

21 EFFICIENCY EXAMPLES F HUMIC SUBSTANCES PRDUCTS USE UNTREATED BY HUMIC SUBSTANCES TREATED BY HUMIC SUBSTANCES

TYPE: ORGANIC NUTRIENTS CODE: BF4 - GRANULE (JAIVIZYME)

TYPE: ORGANIC NUTRIENTS CODE: BF4 GRANULE (JAIVIZYME) AVAILABLE: BULK, PRIVATE LABEL & BRANDS Composition Ingredient % Potassium Humate 5.00% w/w Min. Carrier Granules 95.00% w/w Max. Advantages Mode of