ANATOMY. lecture # : 2 1 Date : Lecturer : Maher Hadidi

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1 ANATOMY lecture # : 2 1 Date : Lecturer : Maher Hadidi

3 Spermatogenesis Transformation of Spermatogonia into mature sperm that begins at puberty into old age. Provide motility of the sperm...-c:tail to reach the fertilization site. \ \ \ \ '\,, \ \, Ji!' - -"'1 ---/ \ _/ A eros i - Contain enzymes that assist penetr2tion of the sperm during fertilization. itochondria ~ Act as energy apparatus to the sperm Nucleus>-Contain 23 chromosornes,_ ~ '-', y ~ >< - WO N.>o~-, Yo,_,._.. = 0 ~ ' " " ~.o ~ ~ 0 0""-~rl oy~v" '~" " Y' -~~~ ~YeO"~ Y"O~O~,.._._,.,_.m..,.-...,.,"~--~- '"" o-.--o.w ~ ~~,, v > -~~. l,i~"-"~. ~1':S.3!\~. : P<F~727:": 1\. ~-,~~:--;:;t~/>3:"'~~-~:.::. ;:~,~~- ~:. ~~i.2>!/2.;~_, ';',;;.~,_':..4o/:A.-t::C:t.155.»':.:Z ttj&.-,i-5.>::gjm~0'}:'!cl;::;~.:j~;:_._:,.:l.:t~.>::.t!. -~~-:~.s ~-. :::-: Spring 2013 Dr. Maher T. Hadidi, University of Jordan 38 I I L j

4 Spermatogenesis-1 At birth: Newborn testis show Pr1moYcliarG-erm -c-- within the sex cords Primordial germ cell Su~)portinfi ce:d~ (Sertofi supporting (Sertoli) cells. They stay inactive during childhood to. puberty. ar..:- Primitive sex cords within tesus of new born boy Spring 2013 Dr. Maher T. Hadidi, University of Jordan 39 2

5 Spermatogenesis-2 Just before puberty: The sex cords obtain a lumen and become seminiferous tubules [semin = seed, niferous = to carry]. Seminiferous epithelium show --two types of -cel-ls> nspermato-g e-nic-cells: Sperm forming cells in various stages m.atur:ati0-1=1-r Sertoli cells: Extend from base to lumen. Functions: Support and protect germ cells. 111 Nourish cells. Assist in the release of mature sperms. Basement membrane &-' Crc3s section in seminiferol!s tl!bu!e at different stages of maturatioi1. -- Spnng 2013 Dr. Maher T. Hadidi, University of.jordan 40 3

6 Spermatogenesis-3 Just before puberty: PGCs gives spermatogonial II Stem cells. ~2,>:..;,.).:,.\d,t;,;,.v:;;~i;,J...t-:;l:r, ~;.J"~)~ <'<~t~: /:-t:~'sf.~\-;,' :-Y<~\~.;,~;:h.:.f>, ~; ~,''.....,.. """ " ' " y vo """"'...!i'\i li ill At puberty: _ ~1 ~~- r;;'spermatogontaand - - h _ spermatid:uemain /~>' Stem Cells rnfluenced by ~_)_<,, embededindeep Testostero~e to enterthe ii recessesorsertoli cell _gycle to give Type A ~l :~~~~;~: 9 :~~~heir Spermatogonia at regular.li li! intervals. 1, 1 ~' Production of Type A ~~ Spermatogonia marks the start of spermatogenesis. ~! Type A Spermatogonia. undergo multiple mitosis and the last division forms Type 8 Spermatogonia. Spring 2013 "' i~ ~!:':' ~ Late spermatid,. 1 Type A spermatogonia - Represents the 1st cells in spermatogenesis. - Marks initiation of spermatogenesis. -Serve as stem cells. 1-Type A ~n1>rmalr1ann.ia/ -Testosterone promote them to divide by mitosis and to end with Type B spermatogonia. t~~--~~... ~"''- '"""'-'>_"-..,..' """'' "-. ~ Dr. Maher T. Hadidi, Universitv of Jordan iii "' 0"'.. ~ llj - Support and proto:: germ cells. E.2: llctil~ fo; sperma1ogoma,., Ol R~ease ol mature s;~rms C!l Hype B sperma!o~onia 4

Lumen of seminiwerou~ tubule ' I Late sper:matid :. Ri.ii"Sperrnatogonia and spermatids remain embeded in deep recesses of Sertoli cells throughout their maturation period.

7 Lumen of seminiwerou~ tubule ' I Late sper:matid :. Ri.ii"Sperrnatogonia and spermatids remain embeded in deep recesses of Sertoli cells throughout their maturation period. 1-Type A spermatogonia - Represents the 1st cells in spermatogenesis. - Marks initiation of spermatogenesis. - Serve as stem cells. ~,... Basallarnina.... ~-~~. Early Sperm:~tid tmeiosis II 2ry sperrnatocyte. f Meiosis I 1, ry spermatocyte 1:1.~ (/)... o "''... a.> -Support and protect germ cel\s.i E -~ -Nutrition for spermatogonia..~ O> - Release of mature spem1s CD 2-Type B spermatggonia (peritubular cells) Leydig c eus,.testosteror~'"' 1 ~Type A, spermatogonia. I. -Testosterone promote them to divide by mfbjsis and to end with Type B spermatogonia. ' '

8 Spermatogenesis- 4 Type 8 Spermatogonia: ~~~~E!"'~::!? :~~:'!!:?~~_!,;;~~~::.~~!"':'::::::~~!:!:=::'?:~'::<' Divide by mitosis to give 1 ry spermatocyte (2n). 1!Y pe~iiiato9f_!~_( o) undergo Meiosis I to -----fe-fm-2-2 n.y Spermatocytes (2n). 2ry Spermatocytes undergo Meiotic II division to form 4 Hap~oid spermatids. 1-Type A spermatogonia Represents the 1st cells in spermatogenesis. - Marks initiation of spermatogenesis. Serve as stem cells. Sl!JPOfla-.:JJ>W~gamrejs ;; "' 0"' -~ (!J E.~ Numtion fa; sr-ama!oga:'!ia >. Oi Release ct mature sperms II) Hr~e 8 s~ermato~onia, j 1 Trrs A eo mmoo,ou,./ ' - Tcstosteroo.: ~rcmoie z:-am tc di 1iae by mitc>is and to F.nd wit~ Tvo; S sp!ormtogonia. I. Sp; ing

9 Spermatogenesis- 5 Pituitary gland secrete LH that bind to Leydig -ceu receptors,to secrete testosterone; bind to Sertoli cehs to pro-mote spermatogenesis. Pituitary gland secrete FSH~bind to Sertoli cells to stimulate testicular fluid production. Spnng 2013 Dr. Maher T. Hadid1, Un1vers1ty of Jordan 44 2

10 l1 (/ (/ t/ Residua~ bodre~. / / / / Phagocytosed \ i J J 1 Late spermatid by Sertoli cells. \.'. f.. ; Ctytop!asmk bddge: )<.. :...,~?:r,;~ Cytol<ines~s (cytopfasmic division). J.,:i.~}'""-Z',if:t), 7 is iricompfete throughout spermatogenesis. Because the successiv.e cell generations of the stem cell committed to form spermatids are connected by cytop:asmic bridges throughout their maturation. 3

11 Spermiogenesis Transformation of spermatids into mature sperm. Centriole - ~. Golgi - materia! Mitochondria. I Acrosomic granule A Golgi by acrosome piece iddle &~" Trc>nsformation stages of spern>atid into spermatozoon. Acrosome formation. Condensation of nucleus. Formation of neck, middle piece and tail. li Shedding of most its cytoplasm as residual bodies to be phagocytozed by Sertoli cells. Spnng 2013 Dr. Maher T. Hadidi, University of Jordan 46 4

5 15/3/2012. Malik Al-Momani

5 15/3/2012. Malik Al-Momani 5 15/3/2012 Malik Al-Momani بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم Spermatogenesis Note : Please refer to slides so see photos. Quick Revision : - Testis is divided by septum into testicular lobules, inside the lobules