Does removing nutrient components from distillers grains affect the feeding value for beef cattle

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1 Does removing nutrient components from distillers grains affect the feeding value for beef cattle Jim MacDonald UNL Animal Science PO Box C220 AnS Lincoln, NE beef.unl.edu animalscience.unl.edu

2 Ethanol Production Dry Grind Liquids Solubles Slurry Tank Centrifugation DGS Solids Distillers Grains Fermentation Distillation Molecular Sieve Ethanol

3 Drying Impact - performance F:G DDGS MDGS WDGS % of diet DM Value of DGS, relative to corn WDGS MDGS DDGS WDGS (20 Exp, 3,365 steers, 350 pens) DDGS (4 Exp, 581 steers, 66 pens) MDGS (4 Exp, 680 steers, 85 pens) Bremer et al., 2011 Prof. Anim. Scient.

4 OIL Removal Dry Grind OIL Liquids Solubles Slurry Tank Centrifugation DGS Solids Distillers Grains Fermentation Distillation Molecular Sieve Ethanol

5 Fiber Removal Process Dry Grind Fiber Liquids Solubles Slurry Tank Centrifugation High Protein DGS Fiber Separation Fiber Separation Solids Distillers Grains Fermentation Distillation Molecul ar Sieve Ethanol

6 Dry Grind Fiber Liquids Solubles Slurry Tank Centrifugation High Protein DGS Fiber Separation Fiber Separation Solids Distillers Grains Fermentation Distillation Molecul ar Sieve Ethanol

7 Nutrient profiles of corn and various sources of distillers grains Item Corn 1 Traditional DGS 2 Low-fat DGS 3 Low-fat highprotein DGS 4 CP Fat NDF Phosphorus Sulfur NAEMS, Buckner et al., Compiled from Bremer, 2014; Carlson et al. 2015; Diaz-Royon et al., 2012; Jolly et al., 2013; Jolly et al., Compiled from Carlson et al. 2015; Diaz-Royon et al., 2012.

8 Oil Fiber Fiber + Solubles Protein

9 Hansen et al., 2018

10 Hansen et al., 2018

11 Hansen et al., 2018

12 Value of fat in distillers CON FF MDGS DO MDGS MDGS + OIL DRC HMC FF-MDGS DO-MDGS Oil Alfalfa Sorghum Silage Supplement 7.50* Empyreal fed at 2% for 50 days; then 1% until day steers; 32 pens; 8 reps Burhoop et al., 2017

13 Value of fat in distillers CON FF MDGS DO MDGS MDGS + OIL OM, % NDF, % DE, Mcal/lb Fat, % Burhoop et al., 2017

14 Value of fat in distillers CON FF MDGS DO MDGS MDGS + OIL SEM F-test Initial BW, lb Final BW, lb 1375 b 1402 ab 1422 a 1412 a DMI, lb/d 22.7 b 22.4 b 23.7 a 22.1 b ADG, lb 3.36 b 3.55 ab 3.71 a 3.63 a F:G 6.76 c 6.29 ab 6.37 b 6.06 a HCW, lb 866 b 883 ab 896 a 890 a th rib fat 0.47 b 0.55 a 0.56 a 0.54 a Marbling* LM Area, in *400 = Small 00 Burhoop et al., 2017

15 Value of fat in distillers CON FF MDGS DO MDGS MDGS + OIL SEM F-test Initial BW, kg Final BW, kg 624 b 636 ab 645 a 640 a DMI, kg/d 10.3 b 10.2 b 10.8 a 10.0 b ADG, lb 1.52 b 1.61 ab 1.68 a 1.65 a F:G c ab b a Burhoop et al., 2017

16 Comparison of feed efficiency from traditional and de-oiled distillers grains relative to corn control diets. Reference Item Inclusion Corn Control Traditional Distillers De-oiled Distillers Trial SEM % reduction Jolly et al., 2013 DRC 40% a b b Jolly et al., 2014 DRC 50% a b b Bremer et al., 2014 Bremer et al., 2014 Bremer et al., 2014 Exp. 1 DRC Exp. 2 DRC Exp. 2 SFC 30% a b b % a b b % a b b Burhoop et al., 2017 DRC 40% a b b Average - 38% Oil removal reduced the value of distillers grains by 6.6%

17 Dry Grind Fiber Liquids Solubles Slurry Tank Centrifugation High Protein DGS Fiber Separation Fiber Separation Solids Distillers Grains Fermentation Distillation Molecul ar Sieve Ethanol

18 Value of fiber in distillers CON 20MDGS 40MDGS 20FIB 40FIB DRC HMC MDGS SEM Wet Corn Bran Corn Silage Alfalfa SBM Supplement Burhoop et al., 2017

19 Value of fiber in distillers CON 20MDGS 40MDGS 20FIB 40FIB CP NDF ADF Lignin Burhoop et al., 2017

20 Value of fiber in distillers CON 20MDGS 40MDGS 20FIB 40FIB SEM F-test Initial BW, lb Final BW, lb 1439 b 1473 a 1472 a 1428 b 1429 b 5.5 <0.01 DMI, lb/d 25.7 c 26.9 a 26.4 b 26.0 bc 26.3 b 0.2 <0.01 ADG, lb 0.04 < b 4.05 a 4.04 a 3.73 b 3.74 b F:G - < b 6.64 ab 6.53 a 6.97 c 7.03 c HCW, lb 907 b 928 a 928 a 900 b 901 b 3.5 < th rib fat 0.01 < b 0.58 a 0.59 a 0.52 b 0.55 b Marbling* 477 b 496 a 476 b 465 b 476 b 6.0 <0.01 LM Area, in *400 = Small Burhoop et al., 2017

21 Fiber-Removed Diets HMC DRC Corn Silage HiPro DDGS DDGS WDGS Bran+Sol Supplement Control WDGS Garland et al., 2018 WDGS DDGS DDGS HiPro DDGS Bran+Sol HiPro DDG Bran + Solubles

22 Fiber-Removed Performance Control WDGS DDGS HiPro DDGS Bran+Sol P -Value Initial BW Final BW 1316 b 1314 b 1347 ab 1365 a 1385 a 0.03 DMI ADG 3.76 c 3.75 c 3.93 abc 4.03 ab 4.11 a 0.02 F:G 5.71 c 5.59 c 5.46 abc 5.26 ab 5.18 a 0.02 HCW 829 c 828 b 849 ab 860 ab 872 a 0.03 LM Area Marbling Fat Depth Calc. YG Feeding Value Garland et al., % 111% 121% 126%

23 Bran + Solubles WDGS

24 CON 20BRAN+ SOL 40BRAN+ SOL 20WDG 40WDG SEM F-test Performance Initial BW, lb Final BW, lb 1362 b 1420 a 1428 a 1428 a 1434 a 12.1 <0.01 DMI, lb/d 27.0 c 29.0 ab 29.4 ab 29.8 a 28.4 b 0.36 <0.01 ADG, lb 3.73 b 4.22 a 4.29 a 4.26 a 4.33 a <0.01 Feed:Gain 7.21 b 6.86 ab 6.83 ab 6.96 b 6.55 a < Carcass characteristics HCW, lb 862 b 895 a 907 a 903 a 907 a 7.9 <0.01 LM area, in Marbling ab 524 ab 499 b 489 b 535 a Fat depth, in 0.50 b 0.55 ab 0.55 ab 0.59 a 0.58 a Calc YG c 3.58 ab 3.51 b 3.73 a 3.64 ab <0.01 Values within rows with unique superscripts are different (P 0.05) = Slight, 400 = Small, 500 = Modest 2 Calculated as (2.5 x 12 th rib fat, in) + (0.2 x 2.5(KPH, %)) (0.32 x REA, in2) + ( x HCW, lb)

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26 Isolated components of distillers grains - growing Item CON 40 MDGS SOL PROT FIBER COMBO Grass Hay DRC MDGS CCDS CGM Corn bran Germ Soy Pass Urea Suppl Conroy et al., 2016 Beef Report

27 Isolated components of distillers grains - growing Item CON 40 MDGS SOL PROT FIBER COMBO CP NDF Fat Conroy et al., 2016 Beef Report

28 Isolated components of distillers grains - growing Item CON 40 MDGS SOL PROT FIBER COMBO SEM Initial BW Ending BW DMI ADG F:G Feeding Value c 959 a 940 bc 950 ab 933 c 944 bc a 22.0 a 21.2 ab 20.8 b 22.0 a ab cd 3.58 a 3.34 bcd 3.47 ab 3.26 d 3.40 bc b 6.04 a 6.55 b 6.07 a 6.35 ab 6.41 b - 118% 93% 134% 110% 103% - Conroy et al., 2016 Beef Report

29 Oil - oil removal reduces the value of distillers grains by approximately 6.6% Fiber Feeding fiber (bran) alone reduces performance compared to corn Fiber + Solubles Appears to have feeding value equal to distillers grains Protein Bypass protein significantly contributes to energy value of distillers grains

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