Healthy Nutrition The role of Broccoli Sprouts

Transcription

1 UMCG Healthy Nutrition The role of Broccoli Sprouts 4/23/15 1 Prof. Dr. Roel J. Vonk ISGA Rotterdam; Hanze Nutrition BV Johan Clantstraat PG Aduard The Netherlands University Medical Center Groningen(UMCG) Antonius Deusinglaan 1 Building 3215, 11th floor, room 1137 (FB35) 9713 AV Groningen The Netherlands Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

2 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 2 Good food is good for your health! Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

3 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 3 What about your personal life style? Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

4 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 4 Good food is good for your health, Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

5 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 5 Good food is good for your health, BUT: Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

6 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 6 Good food is good for your health, BUT: 1. I do not have time Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

7 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 7 Good food is good for your health, BUT: 1. I do not have time 2. Good food is expensive Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

8 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 8 Good food is good for your health, BUT: 1. I do not have time 2. Good food is expensive 3. Nobody tells me what to eat Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

9 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 9 Good food is good for your health, BUT: 1. I do not have time 2. Good food is expensive 3. Nobody tells me what to eat 4. I do not know exactly what good food is Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

10 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 10 Good food is good for your health, BUT: 1. I do not have time 2. Good food is expensive 3. Nobody tells me what to eat 4. I do not know exactly what good food is 5. I have a good medical doctor Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

11 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 11 Good food is good for your health, BUT: 1. I do not have time 2. Good food is expensive 3. Nobody tells me what to eat 4. I do not know exactly what good food is 5. I have a good medical doctor 6. I have other priorities Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

12 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 12 Good food is good for your health, BUT: 1. I do not have time 2. Good food is expensive 3. Nobody tells me what to eat 4. I do not know exactly what good food is 5. I have a good medical doctor 6. I have other priorities Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

13 I have a good medical doctor 4/23/15 13 Medical doctors are central in health care Medical doctors are not trained in prevention, but in treatment! Nutrition is not a major item in medical education in contrast to farma and surgery Consumers rely on medical doctors Consumers are not trained in taken responsibility in their own health

14 Farma(drugs) vs Food 4/23/15 14 Pharma: Treatment (repair) - acute effect needed - strong effect needed - side effects have to be acceptable Food: - long term effect - subtle effect - almost no side effects Prevention (maintenance) Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

15 Conclusions (1) 4/23/15 15 The health system is not ready for you! -they believe more in repair and not ready for maintenance Medical doctors are not ready for you! -they believe more in pharma. The consumers are not ready for you! -they believe more in medical repair This is a challenge!!

16 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 16 Good food is good for your health, BUT: 1. I do not have time 2. Good food is expensive 3. Nobody tells me what to eat 4. I do not know exactly what good food is 5. I have a good medical doctor 6. I have other priorities Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

17 Nobody tells me what to eat 4/23/15 17 Communication! Education from primary school all the way to university (including medical doctors) Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

18 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 18 Good food is good for your health, BUT: 1. I do not have time 2. Good food is expensive 3. Nobody tells me what to eat 4. I do not know exactly what good food is 5. I have a good medical doctor 6. I have other priorities Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

19 What is good food? 4/23/ Communication - Education - Science Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

20 What is good food? 4/23/15 20 Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

21 What is good food? 4/23/15 21 Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

22 What is good food? 4/23/15 22 Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

23 Lifestyle - advice MORE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY Eat less Limit saturated fat, salt and sugar EAT A VARIETY OF FOODS EAT MORE VEGETABLES AND FRUIT

24 (un)balanced food high nutriënt density vitamins bioactives: anti-inflammatoir, anti-oxydant, others current food pattern many products with low nutriënt density and high energy density - fast food - sweets/cookies - beverages

25 Nutrients Energy density - nutrient density Macronutrients - carbohydrates - fats - proteins Micronutrients - vitamins - minerals - trace elements - bioactives

26 Bioactives What are bioactives? Role of bioactives in our food

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29 Metabolic balance Energy supply Building blocks Oxidative stress Metabolic stress Inflammatory stress Destroying bacterias viruses

30 Metabolic dysbalance and chronic diseases Gingivitis Cancer Infection Alzheimer Joint pain Arthritis Metabolic syndrome Oxidative stress Metabolic stress Inflammatory stress Type 2 Diabetes Asthma Eye disorders Aging CVD IBD Allergies

31 Metabolic inflammation 4/23/15 31 Metabolic inflammation or chronic low grade inflammation Induces / attenuates insulin resistance and disrupts β cell function Development of type 2 diabetes

32 Several types of Inflammation 32 a. acute inflammation- (organ damage) b. chronic inflammation- (arthritis) c. chronic low grade inflammation or metabolic inflammation (origin unknown)

33 Metabolic inflammation 4/23/15 33 Where does it come from? What are treatment targets?

34 Metabolic inflammation 4/23/15 34 Where does it come from? 1.Postprandial inflammation induced by overload of saturated fat or sugars (unbalanced diet)

35 Intracellular signalling of inflammation in PBMC in human S#mula#on by fat or glucose 35 Intracellular signalling glucose Ac#va#on of NF- kb (nuclear transcrip#on factor) Produc#on of inflammatory factors (cytokines) IL- 6, TNF- a, ICAM, VCAM ROS mitochondria NFκB PBMCs and cytokines can be used to monitor inflamma#on IKK nucleus IL- 1ß IκB TNF- α IL- 6 IL- 12

36 Postprandial (inflammatory) response 4/23/15 36 Nutrient Concentration

37 Postprandial inflammatory response 4/23/15 37 Blue solid line Nutrient control Dashed line Inflammatory response

38 Postprandial inflammatory response 4/23/15 38 Blue solid line Nutrient control Dashed lines Inflammatory response

39 Cumulative inflammatory respons 4/23/15 39 Inflammatory Factors Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

40 Metabolic inflammation 4/23/15 40 Where does it come from? 1.Postprandial inflammation induced by overload of saturated fat or sugars (unbalanced diet) 2.Dysfunction of adipose tissue (fat tissue)

41 Chronic low-grade inflammation Where does it start? Fat tissue

42 Adipose cells secrete inflammatory factors 4/23/15 42 Genomic and proteomic analyses of adipose cells Adipose cells have the machinery to secrete inflammatory factors (Meijer et al. Plos One 2011)

43 Counteracting metabolic inflammation 4/23/15 43 Metabolic inflammation type 2 diabetes Anti-inflammatory compounds

44 Anti-inflammatory components 4/23/15 44 Many components in fruit & vegetables Can dietary fiber (SCFA), SFN inhibit metabolic inflammation?

45 Sulforaphane (SFN) 45 Broccoli seedlings chewing crushing myrosinase SFN glucoraphanin Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate (N=C=S) Obtained from glucoraphanin (glucosinolate) in cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, etc.) Enriched in broccoli sprouts and seedlings

46 Screening (micro-) vegetables using Reporter cell line: inhibitory effect of bioactives on NF-kB activation 46 TNF-α NFκB light IKK Bioactives IκB Significant inhibition of TNF-α-induced NF-kB activation in H293-NF-kB-RE reporter cell line (Meijer et al. Food Chemistry 2014)

47 SCFAs inhibit NF-kB activation in a HEK293 reporter cell line % Inhibition Concentration (μm) IC 50 but: 78.3 μm IC 50 prop: μm IC 50 acetate: μm

48 NF-kB activation; inhibitory effect of SFN 4/23/15 48 TNF-α inhibition of TNF-a induced NF-kB activation by sulforaphane * * SFN IKK IκB NFκB light Inhibition (%) * * * µm SFN activation by TNF-α in H293-NF-kB-RE reporter cell line significant inhibition of TNF-α-induced NF-kB by SFN

49 B. Design pilot study in human 4/23/15 49 BroccoCress intake Oral glucose load Glucose measurements Blood collection PBMC isolation Blood sample Nuclear extraction Timeline pilot study 8.5 plasma nucleus Intake BroccoCress blood samples oral glucose load blood samples Glucose (mm) [glucose] measurements Time (min.) LC- MS/MS 75 g glucose drink ELISA

50 BroccoCress inhibits glucose-induced NF-kB activation in human 4/23/15 50 Broccoli seedlings can reduce glucose-induced NF-kB activation (n=5)

51 Conclusion Human Pilot Study 4/23/ gram glucose activates NF-kB in PBMCs (one serving!!) Broccoli seedlings seem to be able to prevent NF-kB activation

52 Research strategy phytochemicals (sulforaphane) A. in vitro assays (screening systems) 4/23/15 52 B. pilot experiments ( in human) C. registered randomized human intervention study (according to EFSA criteria)

53 Nutrition & health (prevention) communication strategies mismatching functional foods & supplements Nutrition & emotion Nutrition and imagination Nutrition & taste Nutrition & health Lack of time Lack of knowledge Lack of discipline

54 How to overcome mismatching? 4/23/15 54 Supplements, functional foods or (micro) vegetables?

55 Anti-inflammatory components Micro-vegetables ( broccoli seedlings) of Koppert Cress 4/23/15 55 ( containing sulforaphane (SFN) as the main fytochemical No de novo-synthesis of SFN in broccoli seedlings!!!!! (Gorissen et al. 2011)

56 Conclusions (2) 4/23/15 56 Metabolic inflammation involved in developing type 2 diabetes Adipose tissue (obesity / inflammation) plays a role Post- prandial inflammation plays a role Anti-inflammatory compounds are highly relevant SFN important for reducing risk type 2 diabetes Much scientific evidence to support SFN ((micro-) vegetables) Health evidence for Broccoli seedlings Balanced diets should be promoted

57 Quality of our food: balanced vs un-balanced diets Unbalanced food products with low nutriëntdensity and high energydensity - fast food - Cookies - Soft drinks Balanced food: high nutriëntdensity dietary fiber, vitamines, esential nutrients, bioactives (anti-inflammatory compounds) Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

58 Acknowledgements 4/23/15 58 UMCG Kees Meijer Marion Priebe Han Roelofsen Marcel de Vries Gerlof Reckman Martijn Koehorst Coby Eelderink TI FN Netherlands FND partners Isolife, Wageningen, The Netherlands Koppert Cress, Monster, The Netherlands

59 Future ISGA 59 -good perspectives -clear challenge Good luck!

60 questions and contact 4/23/15 60 谢谢!

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62 Metabolic dysbalance Gingivitis Cancer Infection Alzheimer Joint pain Arthritis Metabolic syndrome Oxidative stress Metabolic stress Inflammatory stress Diabetes Asthma Eye disorders Obesity CVD IBD Allergies

63 EFSA 4/23/15 63 Claims of high scientific level Problems with food industry No communication with consumers Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

64 Promotion/advertising 4/23/15 64 Promotion of functional foods always simultaneously with promotion of healthy lifestyle Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

65 Functional foods 4/23/15 65 Functional foods and supplements Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

66 Education! 4/23/15 66

67 (un)balanced food high nutriëntdensity vitamins bioactives: anti-inflammatoir/ anti-oxydant/ others Current food pattern many products with low nutriëntdensity and high energydensity - Fast food - sweets/cookies - beverages

68 Template 4/23/15 68 Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

69 Healthy Nutrition; The role of Broccoli sprouts 4/23/15 69 Good food is good for your health, BUT: 1. I do not have time 2. Good food is expensive 3. Nobody tells me what to eat 4. I do not know exactly what good food is 5. I have a good medical doctor 6. I have other priorities Medical Hanze Biomics Nutrition

70 Research strategy phytochemicals (sulforaphane) A. in vitro assays (screening systems) 4/23/15 70 B. pilot experiments ( in human) C. registered randomized human intervention study (according to EFSA criteria)

71 Inhibition of inflammation by SCFA & SFN 4/23/15 71 Can SCFA & SFN inhibit metabolic (NF- kb related) inflamma;on? glucose ROS mitochondria NFκB Brocco sprouts SFN IKK nucleus IκB IL- 1ß TNF- α IL- 6 IL- 12

72 Sulforaphane (SFN) 72 Broccoli seedlings chewing crushing myrosinase SFN glucoraphanin Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate (N=C=S) Obtained from glucoraphanin (glucosinolate) in cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, etc.) Enriched in broccoli sprouts and seedlings

73 Inhibition of inflammation by SFN 4/23/15 73 Can SFN inhibit metabolic (NF- kb related) inflamma;on? glucose ROS mitochondria NFκB Brocco sprouts SFN IKK nucleus IκB IL- 1ß TNF- α IL- 6 IL- 12

74 Nutrition is not a major item in medical education in contrast to farma and surgery -prevention vs action 4/23/ economic reasons (patents)

75 Nutrition & health (prevention) communication strategies mismatching functional foods & supplements Nutrition & emotion Nutrition and imagination Nutrition & taste Nutrition & health Lack of time Lack of knowledge Lack of discipline

76 Chronic low-grade inflammation drugs (acute, strong, side effects) vs nutrients (very small effect, maintenance, chronic) nutrients: bioactives

77 Anti-inflammatory components 4/23/15 77 Micro-vegetables ( broccoli seedlings) of Koppert Cress ( containing sulforaphane (SFN) as the main fytochemical

78 Nomenclature - Dietary/nutritional supplements A preparation intended to provide nutrients, such as vitamins, bioactives,minerals, fiber, fatty acids or amino acids, that are missing or are not consumed in sufficient quantity in a person's diet. - Nutraceuticals Food, or parts of food, that provide medical or health benefits, including the prevention and treatment of disease. - Functional foods Foods with modified composition

79 Conclusions (1) 4/23/ consumers are not ready for you! You have to educate them -medical doctors are not ready for you! You have to educate them -the society is not ready for you! They believe more in medical doctors and farmacology