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1 Sellafield Food Monitoring 2014 Dr Kins Leonard 26 th November 2015 The Environmental Health Working Group (EHWG) of the West Cumbria Sites Stakeholder Group

2 Updates in RIFE 20 (1) Delivery of RIFE 20 back to time schedule: October 2015 and new partner FSS Reduced FSA programme - Risk based approach Some tables, figures and assessments deleted because of changes in programme. Sellafield related: Tables 2.13 (Sea to land transfer) Figure 2.18 (Cs-137 in River Calder fish) Assessments: Sellafield terrestrial food consumption from land conditioned by addition of seaweed, Ravenglass terrestrial sea to land, River Calder fish consumption, Barrow seafood consumption, Fleetwood seafood consumption, Isle of Man food consumption

3 Updates in RIFE 20 (2) Sellafield Total dose text format: back to original format, prior to 2013 (Total dose additional sub-group titles needed in 2013) A return to a wide range of seafood species being consumed by individuals (new habits information) The text referring to LoD results has been changed the term reported as less than values is now used New habits introduced at Sellafield, LLWR, Springfields, Hartlepool, Berkeley and Oldbury

4 Sellafield Habits Survey 2014 Aquatic survey relating to liquid radioactive waste discharges: 9-12th September 2014 Parton and Tarn Bay near Bootle, and extended 11 km offshore Individuals asked to estimate crustacean and mollusc consumption rates, and occupancy rates over intertidal areas, for themselves & members of their families Asked to provide consumption rates for fish in order to determine combinations of pathways Identify and interview any previously unknown individuals who might have high rates of shellfish consumption or intertidal occupancy 5 Year Review (Terrestrial & Aquatic) 4th - 13th September 2013 Environment Report RL 02/ FSA/EA/ONR

5 Sellafield Habits Survey Consumption rates (kg y -1 ), Adult (high-rate groups),

6 Sellafield Total Doses 2014 Total Dose (all sources) 0.22 msv (0.061 msv in 2013) ( # msv in 2013) Most exposed group; adult - mollusc consumer at high-rates (adult - marine fish consumer at high-rates) # The highest total dose in 2013 due to Sellafield discharges was for a person living on a houseboat near Barrow in Cumbria Total Dose (gaseous/direct) msv (0.012 msv in 2013) Most exposed group; adult - direct radiation (adult - mushroom consumer at high-rates) Total Dose (liquid) 0.22 msv (0.061 msv in 2013) As Total Dose (all sources)

7 Sellafield Total Doses 2014 Total dose (all sources) significantly up from to 0.22 msv in 2014 and change back in representative group (food consumer) Reasons were a combination of: Return to a wide range of seafood species being consumed by individuals (new habits); Significant increase in the proportion of lobster in the diet of high-rate seafood consumers (new habits) in 2014; Small increase in Po-210 in molluscs/crustacean (to a lesser extent) Total dose (gaseous and direct radiation sources) down from to msv in 2014 and a change in representative group Reasons were a combination of: Improved detection limits (i.e. radiochem replacing gamma spectrometry) for analysis of Am-241 in vegetables Reduction in the types and number of vegetables collected, resulting in lower C-14 contributions Increase in direct radiation, compared with those contributions in the 2013 assessment.

8 Contributors: Sellafield - Contributions to total doses All sources Contributors: Most important pathway External radiation 100% From consumption pathway Most important radionuclides : Po % I % C-14 7% Am-241 5% Cs-137 5% Pu-239/240 2% Most important pathways crustaceans 63% molluscs 24% sediments 8% fish 5% Most important radionuclides : Po % Am % Pu-239/240 5%

9 Sellafield - Contributions to total doses Gaseous and direct radiation sources Contributors: Consumption : potatoes 33% root veg. 23% dom. fruit 23% other domestic vegetables 13% Most important radionuclides : Am % Sr-90 23% Contributors: External exposure pathways Direct Radiation 56% External/Inhalation 6% From consumption pathway potatoes 27% Most important radionuclides : Cs %

10 Sellafield Terrestrial Monitoring 2014 Milk collected from 11 local farms (17 in 2013) & on a weekly/monthly basis (bulked into monthly/quarterly/annual samples) & non-milk (animals and crops) Gaseous discharges in 2014 were generally similar to 2013 (small increase in I-129, decrease in H-3 & C-14) Low concentrations and similar to previous years Time trends in milk: C-14 relatively constant Cs-137 and Sr-90 decreasing overall Actinides much lower than in sea-foods

11 Sellafield Marine Monitoring 2014 ~ 50 samples food species (reduced programme) - determination of broad range of radionuclides maintained Liquid discharges; generally similar to 2013 Activity concentrations generally similar to those in 2013 Plutonium radionuclides and Am-241 generally similar to 2013 lar in shellfish

12 Time Trends ( ) Carbon-14 in fish/shellfish

13 Time Trends ( ) Cobalt-60 in fish/shellfish

14 Time Trends ( ) Technetium-99 in fish/shellfish

15 Time Trends ( ) Caesium-137 in fish/shellfish

16 Time Trends ( ) Plutonium in fish/shellfish

17 Time Trends ( ) Americium-241 in fish/shellfish

18 Further information can be found on the Food Standards Agency website: RIFE Report 2014 (plus CD supplement) Food Standards Agency s provisional monitoring results If you would like to express any views please radiation@foodstandards.gsi.gov.uk Finding Nemo

19 Thanks for the invitation, And your attention All Cefas reports are available on the Cefas website Also available (twitter)