Biology 20 Chapter 8 Review Assignment

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1 Biology 20 Chapter 8 Review Assignment Part A Nutrients 1. Fats (such as lard) are produced by and are at room temperature. This type of fat would be classified as fat because of the of double bonds between the carbon atoms. The smallest units of fat are and. (3 marks) 2. Proteins are made up of joined together by bonds. The process that produces proteins is called. A use for protein in the body is. (2 marks) 3. Describe the function of each nutrient. Provide examples. (3 marks) Use the following information to answer the question below. 4. A student tested each of the four mixtures for the presence of nutrients and then recorded the results in a table. TEST Mixture 1 Mixture 2 Mixture 3 Mixture 4 Biuret Iodine Sudan IV Benedicts a. Identify what substance you would find in mixture #4. Explain what this test identifies and how can you tell if the test is positive? (3 marks) b. Identify what substance(s) are found in mixture 1. What determines a positive test for this/these nutrients? (2 marks) c. Which mixture contains a polysaccharide? How do you know? (2 marks) d. Identify what substance you would find in mixture #2. Explain what this test identifies and how you can tell if the test is positive? (3 marks)

2 PART B: ENZYMES 1. List and describe the factors that regulate enzyme activity. 2. Describe allosteric activity. (2 marks) 3. Using shape and symbols draw a chemical reaction that describes how enzymes work. (1 mark) 4. All of the following statements about enzymes are true EXCEPT a) enzymes are reusable b) high temperature denatures enzymes c) enzymes are specific d) enzymes contain coenzymes 5. A cofactor is an molecule such as. a) inorganic/vitamin C b) inorganic/calcium c) organic/vitamin B12 d) organic/zinc

3 Use the following information to answer the next questions 6. What is the optimum temperature for the enzyme found in organism Y? a) 10 degrees b) 14 degrees c) 37 degrees d) 50 degrees Use the following information to answer the next questions. A student completed a series of experiments and found that a protein digesting enzyme (protease) functions best when the ph is 8.0 and the temperature is 37 degrees Celsius. During an experiment, the student used some of the procedures listed below. Procedures I. Decreasing the amount of light. II. Increasing the temperature to 45 degrees Celsius III. Adding more protease IV. Decreasing the ph to 6.0 V. Adding more protein 7. Which procedure would have the least effect on the rate of protein digestion? a) I b) V c) III d) IV 8. Which two procedures would most likely cause a decrease in the rate of protein digestion? a) I and IV b) II and III c) II and IV d) I and V

4 PART C- DIGESTION AND INGESTION 1. The series of muscular contractions that moves food along the digestive tract is called (a) periosteum (b) peristalsis (c) pericardium (d) perimysium 2. The stomach connects directly with the (a) jejunum (b) ileum (c) duodenum (d) caecum 3. Which of the following reactions is catalysed by lipase? (a) starch to maltose (b) fats to fatty acids (c) polypeptides to amino acids (d) fatty acids to micelles 4. The small intestine perform several important functions. Which of the following is not one of those functions? (a) control of the amount of fluid and electrolytes that leave the body (b) synthesis of vitamin K (c) completion of digestion of each nutrient group (d) absorption of the end products of digestion 5. The table below indicates in which part of the digestive system a particular food is chemically digested. Section of digestive tract Food 1 Food 2 Food 3 Food 4 Mouth Stomach Small intestine Which of the foods shown above would most likely be a protein? (a) Food 1 (b) Food 2 (c) Food 3 (d) Food 4

5 6. Label the organs of the digestive system on the diagram below. 7. Summarize the general function of each organ on the chart that follows. Label Organ Basic Function A B C D E F G H I

6 8. What is physical digestion and why is it important for our digestive tract? (2) 9. What enzyme is found in the mouth and where is it produced? (2) 10. What kind of acid is released by the stomach lining? And what enzyme does this acid activate? (2) 11. Which of the three nutrients does the stomach begin to digest? (1) 12. How does food get to the stomach? (Name the tube and the action that pushes the bolus down the tube) (2)