ブリのコーングルテンおよび大豆タンパク質利用性に及ぼす アミノ酸補足の影響

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1 ブリのコーングルテンおよび大豆タンパク質利用性に及ぼす アミノ酸補足の影響 誌名 水産増殖 = The aquiculture ISSN 著者 巻 / 号 細川, 秀毅木下, 浩樹益本, 俊郎ほか2 名, 4 巻 号 掲載ページ p. 6-7 発行年月 2001 年 月 農林水産省農林水産技術会議事務局筑波産学連携支援センター Tsukuba Business-Academia Cooperation Support Center, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Council Secretariat

2 SUISANZOSHOKU Effects of Amino Acid Supplementation on Utilization of Corn Gluten and Soy Protein by Yellowtail Hidetsuyo HOSOKAWA 1, Hiroki KINOSHITA 1,2, Toshiro MASUMOTO 1, Sadao SHIMENO 1, and Reiichiro SAKAMOTO Abstract: The effects of crystalline amino acid supplementation on the utilization of corn gluten and soy protein by yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata were studied in a 0-day feeding trial. Fish fed diets in which brown fish meal (BFM) was completely replaced with corn gluten meal (CGM) and/or soy protein concentrate (SPC) showed lower growth rates than fish fed a control BFM diet. Accumulative supplementation of several essential amino acids to each protein source progressively enhanced growth. SPC with lysine and methionine, and CGM plus SPC with lysine and methionine, or with lysine, methionine and tryptophan improved growth to the level of the control group. There were no marked differences in feed efficiency, body composition and nutrient retention between the supplementation and control groups, although blood characteristics and serum components in the supplementation groups were inferior to those in the control group. CGM with lysine, arginine, tryptophan and methionine also showed supplemental effects. Thus, amino acid supplementation is useful for effective utilization of corn gluten and soy protein by yellowtail. Key words: Yellowtail; Corn gluten; Soy protein; Amino acid supplementation 1-) 20%CGM BFM 4-7) 7-) Viola ) Murai ) Dabrowska ) 1) SPC 1) 1 Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Monobe, Nankoku, Kochi , Japan) 2 Wakayama Prefectural Sea-farming Center, Katsuura, Nachikatsuura, Wakayama 64-4, Japan R & D Laboratory, Oji Corn Starch Co., Ltd., Yahata Kaigandohri, Ichihara, Chiba , Japan

3 CMG SPC A BFM Table 1 BFM General and amino acid compositions of protein sources used Protein source: Moisuture Crude sugar Crude ash Threonine Valine Methionine Isoleucine Leucine Phenylalanine Lysine Histidine Arginine Tryptophan Brown fish meal (BFM) General composition (%) A/E ratio (mg/0 mg) Corn gluten meal (CGM) Soy protein concentrate (SPC) Carbohydrate hydrolized with boiling 1 N H 2 SO 4 for 4h. BFM CGM SPC CGMSPC- 1Table 2 BFM 1 BFM 2 6 CGM 7 SPC 1 1:4 BFM mm EP N X % Table Table SPC Protein source: Diet: Brown fish meal Corn gluten meal 1 Soy protein concentrate 2 Lysine hydrochloride Arginine hydrochloride Tryptophan Methionine Glycine Pollack liver oil -Corn starch Soy lecithin 4 Vitamin mixture Mineral mixture 6 Feeding stimulant 7 -Cellulose Formulation of test diets (%) BFM CGM SPC CGM+SPC Produced by Ohji Corn Starch Co., Ltd. 2 DANPRO A produced by Aarhus Olie Co., Ltd. FEED OIL produced by Riken Vitamin Co., Ltd. 4 Produced by Showa Sangyo Co., Ltd. Modified Halver s mixture (17) ). 6 Modified Ogino s mixture (180) 1). 7 ProAla IMPNa-Cellulose= g/0 g

4 General and amino acid compositions of test diets Protein source: BFM CGM SPC CGM+SPC Diet: General composition on dry matter basis (%) Crude sugar 1 Crude ash Energy C/P ratio A / E ratio (mg/0 mg) Threonine Valine Methionine Isoleucine Leucine Phenylalanine Lysine Histidine Arginine Tryptophan See the foot note in Table 1. 2 Digestible energy: protein, 4.; fat, 8.0; sugar, 2.8 kcal/g 1-). Calorie to protein ratio (kcal/kg diet/% protein) BFM CGM g Seriola quinqueradiata FRP.% ) 16) 0 Fig. 1 Table 4 2% 2.0.8% % SPC 17) 2 70% 18) g SPC 7 4 g CGM 2 8. g CGM 2 8. g

5 0 0 1 CGM SPC CGMSPC 1 Average body weight (g) Feeding period (days) Changes in the average weight of yellowtail fed for 0 days on test diets, fish meal diet 1 and plant protein diets 2-1. Protein source: Diet: Average body weight (g) Initial Final Average weight gain (g) Feed efficiency (%) Protein efficiency ratio Energy efficiency (%) 2 Growth and feed conversion of yellowtail fed for 0 days on test diets BFM CGM SPC CGM+SPC ef a b bc cd d d d 2.0 f d d e e Daily feeding rate (%) Survival rate (%) Values with the same superscripts are not significantly different (P0.0). 2 X Weight gain (g)/energy intake (kcal) g g 61% SPC g 7 7. g CGM SPC 41.8 g.7 g g Table SPC Table 6 SPC CGM

6 Hematological characteristics at the end of the experiment Diet Hemoglobin (g/ ml).. a.61.4 c.00.7 c.0 c.81.2 c.1.8 c.71.1 bc.81.6 bc.01.1 bc.60.6 bc.80.8 c.0.8 b.70. bc Hematocrit (%) a c b b b b b b b b b 47.. b b Red blood cell ( 4 /mm ) a e 402 cd 2 cd 828 d 408 cd 221 cd 84 bcd 862 bc 7222 bcd 477 cd 4021 ab 860 abc MeanSD (n=). Values with the same superscripts are not significantly different (P0.0). CGM Table Diet Total protein (g/ ml) a.440. efg defg.20.2 efg.6 cde.40.0 efg bcd bc ab.70.0 defg.600. defg defg.00.2 def Concentrations of serum components at the end of the experiment Albumin (g/ ml) a e cde e bcde 1..1 de bcd bc 1.0. bc bcd cde bcd b Free amino acid (mg-n/ ml) b a bcd.1. cde.22.1 cde.1. e bcde bcd bcd b bc de bcde MeanSD (n=). Values with the same superscripts are not significantly different (P0.0). Phosphorus (mg/ ml) a.6.0 b a ab a a.81. ab ab a a 7.. a a 7. a Calcium (mg/ ml) 1.8 a c bc bc ab bc ab ab a ab abc 1..2 ab ab General composition of whole body and liver, and apparent nutrient retention at the end of the experiment (%) Protein source: BFM CGM SPC CGM+SPC Diet: General composition of whole body 1 Moisture Total sugar 2 Crude ash Moisture Glycogen Crude ash Energy General composition of liver Apparent nutrient retention Pooled sample of (whole body) and (liver) fish. 2 See the foot note in Table 1. x Nutrient retained/nutrient fed.

7 Table 7 6 SPC.4%.1% CGM 4.6%0.1%SPC 22.0%7.6% 2.2%.4% CGM SPC SPC 78 BFM SPC,) ) 1,1) SPC EP 1,20) EP CGM 2 8. g 6 61% CGM g CGM 4.7 g CGM SPC CGM 6 18) % 21,22) CGMSPC 1:4 BFM 0

8 SPC BFM CGM 61% 1 12 (7) (1)17-14 (4) (7) (1)- 6 1 (4)-64 7 Toni Ruchimat1 (6) (1)-7 1 () Viola, S., S. Mokady, U. Rappaport, and Y. Arieli (182): Partial and complete replacement of fish meal by soybean meal in feeds for intensive culture of carp. Aquaculture,, Murai, T., W. Daozun, and H. Ogata (18): Supplementation of methionine to soy flour diets for fingerling carp, Cyprinus carpio. Aquaculture,, 7-8. Dabrowska, H. and T. Wojno (177): Studies on the utilization by rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Rich.) of feed mixtures containing soya bean meal and an addition of amino acids. Aquaculture,, Takii, K., S. Shimeno, M. Nakamura, Y. Itoh, A. Obatake, H. Kumai, and M. Takeda (18): Evaluation of soy protein concentrate as a partial substitute for fish meal protein in practical diet for yellowtail. Proc. Third Int. Symp. on Feeding and Nutrition in Fish, Toba, Aug Sep. 1, pp Halver, J. E. (17): Nutrition of salmonid fishes III. Water soluble vitamin requirements of chinook salmon. J. Nutr.,, pp pp Ruchimat, T., T. Masumoto, H. Hosokawa, and S. Shimeno (17): Quantitative methionine requirement of yellowtail (Seriola quinquradiata). Aquaculture,, () () (2) (2)1-0 22Toni Ruchimat 16 (2)24-247