Assessment and Use of Rye for Feeding Dairy Cows

Transcription

1 International RYE BELT Congress Rye from the perspective of 2012 Poznań 23-24/05/2012 Assessment and Use of Rye for Feeding Dairy Cows Marian Kamyczek 1, Magdalena Łopuszańska-Rusek 2, Marek Pieszka 2 Bartosz Rudzki 3 1 Instytut Zootechniki PIB - Zakład Doświadczalny Pawłowice 2 Instytut Zootechniki PIB - Dział Żywienia Zwierząt i Paszoznawstwa, Balice 3 KWS LOCHOW POLSKA Sp. z o.o.

2 Comparision of nutrient content and energy in samples of cereals from German harvests (LUFA Nord West, 2011 & 2012) Barley Rye Triticale Wheat No. of samples Dry mass % ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Crude protein% ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Crude fat % ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Crude fibre % ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Starch % ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Energy MJ/kg ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

3 Comparison of nutrient content and cereal energy value according to German standards for cattle (in 1000 g of dry mass) (BLfL issue 34 / year 2011) Dry mass Crude fibre Crude protein Total protein available in the intestine Nitrogen balance in the rumen Lactation net energy Metabolic energy TM XF XP nxp RNB NEL ME g g g g g MJ MJ Barley Rye Triticale Wheat

4 Experiment conducted at Zakład Doświadczalny in Pawłowice Experiment I Black and white varieties of PHF heifer cow breeds

5 TMR content Maize silage Alfalfa silage Barley GPS Soyabean meal Hay B mixture Amount/ animal/day kg of mixture from feed station

6 Average results of obtained production in each dietary groups in the first and last milking control in the implementation period of I Experiment Specification Start of experiment End of experiment 0 % rye 25 % rye 0 % rye 25 % rye No. of animals, Units Days of lactation Milk productivity, kg Fat content, % Protein content, % Urea, mg/l LKS ths./ml Body mass, kg * Visello hybrid rye variety

7 Cows average daily production in each dietery group in subsequent control milkings Experiment I kg/day

8 Fatty acids content in milk (% of FA total) Experiment I Fatty acids Groups 0 % rye 25 % rye SEM P SFA (total) C14:0 C 16:0 C 18:0 MUFA (total) PUFA (total) C 18:1 n-7 C 18:1 n-9 C 18:2 C 18:3 n-6 C 18:3 n-3 PUFA n-6 PUFA n-3 PUFA n-6/n-3 CLA a a Values marked with the same letters differ significantly - lower case p 0.05

9 C 18:1 n-9 Oleic acid- a chemical compound from a group of monosaturated fatty acids omega-9

10 Experiment conducted at Zakład Doświadczalny in Pawłowice Experiment II Black and white varieties of PHF heifer cows

11 TMR content Experiment II Maize silage Alfalfa silage Barley GPS Hay B mixture Amount/ animal/day kg of mixture from feed station

12 Average results of obtained production in each dietary group in the first and last milking control in the implementation period of II Experiment Specification Start of experiment End of experiment 0 % rye* 40 % rye 0 % rye 40 % rye No. of animals, Units Days of lactation Milk productivity, kg Fat content, % Protein content, % Urea, mg/l LKS ths./ml Body weight, kg * Visello hybrid rye variety

13 Cows average daily production in each dietery group in subsequent control milkings Experiment II kg/day

14 Fatty acids content in milk (% of FA total) Experiment II Fatty acids Grups 0 % rye 40 % rye P SFA (total) C14: C 16: C 18: A 4.78 A MUFA (total) PUFA (total) C 18:1 n C 18:1 n a a 0.04 C 18: C 18:3 n C 18:3 n PUFA n PUFA n PUFA n-6/n CLA Values marked with the same letters differ significantly - lower case p 0.05 upper case p 0.01

15 Conclusions Hybrid rye grain additive to the concentrate does not effect SM dose collection and compound feed from the feed station which means that 25% and 40% part of hybrid rye grain content to compound feed for dairy cows does not reduce the appetite of animals. Introduction of 25% or 40% Visello hybrid rye variety into the compound feed did not decrease milk productivity in cows. Additionally, no statistically significant difference in the milk chemical composition was found. Cows receiving a ration of rye grain retained normal body weight and conditions during peak lactation. The addition of rye hybrid grain to rations in the amount of 25% has no significant effect of altering the fatty acid profile in cows milk, and of 40% may even improve their profile by lowering acid content of C18:0 and increase of acid content of C18:1 n-9.

16 International RYE BELT Congress Project Rye from the perspective of 2012 Poznań 23-24/05/2012 Assessment and Use of Rye for Feeding Fattening Bulls Marian Kamyczek 1, Marek Pieszka 2, Magdalena Łopuszańska-Rusek 2,Władysław Migdał 3 1 Instytut Zootechniki PIB - Zakład Doświadczalny Pawłowice 2 Instytut Zootechniki PIB - Dział Żywienia Zwierząt i Paszoznawstwa, Balice 3 Uniwersytet Rolniczy w Krakowie

17 Experiment conducted at Zakład Doświadczalny in Pawłowice Fattening bulls of PHF black and white breed varieties

18 Experiment arrangement Nutrition group Specification Control Mixture 1 Control Mixture 2 Control Mixture 3 Rye* part in mixture, % * Visello hybrid rye variety

19 Mixture composition used in the experiment Feed Mixture 1 0 % rye Part in mixture [%] Mixture 2 20% rye Mixture 3 40% rye Feed Hybride rye Maize Wheat bran Rapeseed meal Fodder chalk Phosphate 1 Ca Molasses Vegatable oil Vit. and Min. Premix

20 Doses for the various fattening stages Feeds Part in mixture (kg) Mixture 0 % rye Mixture 20% rye Mixture 40% rye I Fattening stage body weight from 200 to 300 kg Maize silage Alfalfa silage M1* M M II Fattening stage- body weight from 300 to 400 kg Maize silage Alfalfa silage M M M III Fattening stage- body weight from 400 to 500 kg Maize silage Alfalfa silage M M2-4 - M IV Fattening stage- body weight from 500 to 600 kg Maize silage Alfalfa silage M M M

21 Average fattening results for black and white PHF breed bulls fed with doses of compound feed without rye, and with a 20% or 40% share of Visello rye hybrid Specification No. of animals Initial weight No. of animals Final weight Daily growth Fatness weight Sloughter yield Musculature mass C18:0 C18:3 n-3 Vitamin E Units pcs. kg pcs. kg g kg % % % μg/g Dietary group 0 % rye 20 % rye 40 % rye , O a 0.32 a 2.65 ab a 1, O ab 0.46 a 3.02 a Values marked with the same letters differ significantly lower case p a O b 0.42 a 3.08 b

22 Average daily gain of PHF bull breeds in each dietary group incrementally in the coming fattening months

23 Conclusions Based on obtained results, it can be concluded that black and white of Polish Holstein-Friesian breed bulls varieties are characterized by high growth potential. Bulls receiving a mixture with 20% of Visello rye varieties were characterized by similar daily increases as the animals fed with a mixture without rye. Animals receiving a mixture of 40% share of rye were characterized by about 5% lower rate of growth in relation to the animals fed in a control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Bull bodies from the group fed with mixture with 20% rye were more muscular than the other food groups The vitamin E content in meat from young bulls fed with the mixture of 20% and 40% part of rye was significantly higher than in meat from young bulls in the control group. The content of α-linolenic acid (C18: 3 n-3) in meat of animals fed with the 20% rye mix was significantly higher than in meat of animals from the control group, which is advantageous from the view of human diet.