Active and Intelligent Packaging Solutions and Current Developments

Transcription

1 Active and Intelligent Packaging Solutions and Current Developments European Coatings Conference - Packaging and can coatings Corinna Keupp, Sven Sängerlaub

2 Structure History of packaging Problem definition Active Systems Intelligent Systems Conclusion Future perspectives

3 History of Packaging Communication Convenience Protection Enclosure Intelligent Packaging Active Packaging Time-Temperature Indicators Food Freshness Indicators Humidity Indicators Oxygen Indicators Sterilization Indicators Oxygen Scavenger Antimicrobial Materials Humidity Absorber Off-flavour Absorber Carbon dioxide Absorber/Release Ethylene Absorber

4 Problem definition Increasing demands of consumers (more freshness, more safety) Lack of confidence Increasing globalisation Throwaway society Shelf life

5 Active systems Oxygen scavenger

6 Gallic acid based oxygen scavenger base Ref.: Tulyathan V. et al.: Oxygen Uptake by Gallic Acid as a Model of Similar Reactions in Wines, J. Agric. Food Chem., 37, 1989,

7 O 2 -absorption of gallic acid

8 Gallic acid based oxygen scavenger gallic acid two component polyurethane adhesives coating on a basic substrate solvent Adhesive is incompatible with base coating on basic substrate. Adhesive gains an additional oxygen absorbing functionality.

9 O 2 -absorption / mass scavenger [cm 3 O 2 /g Scav.] film] Gallic acid oxygen scavenger PE / EVOH / PE(CaO) / scavenging layer (adhesive) / PEfoamed PE/EVOH/PE( 30 % w/w CaO Ø 2 µm)/ PU with 15 % w/w gallic acid 5 µm/pe foamed 42 µm O2 -absorption / area [cm³ O 2 / m² t / d 0

10 Micrograph of gallic acid

11 Active systems Antimicrobial materials

12 Antimicrobial films with sorbic acid/benzoic acid Release-System: migration of antimicrobial substances direct food contact needed surface protection of foods sensitive to deterioration microorganism antimicrobials active lacquer coating base layer On surface often start of microbial growth. Antimicrobial substance: highest efficacy on surface. Ref.: Hauser,C., Rodler, N.(2009). Antimikrobiell aktive Folien. LVT Lebensmittelindustrie (5-6), 28-30

13 Antimicrobial films with sorbic acid/benzoic acid base-film drying-zone active film lacquering Coating and laminating pilot plant at IVV schematic demonstration of the lacquering process Ref.: Hauser,C., Fraunhofer IVV

14 Ref.: Hauser,C., Fraunhofer IVV Antimicrobial efficacy of benzoic acid

15 cfu/meat Antimicrobial efficacy - pork development of E. coli sterile cutting of 5 x 5 cm pieces inoculation: 1.3 x 10³ cfu/piece with E. coli vacuum packaging in active film and uncoated film 1,0E+06 1,0E+05 1,0E+04 1,0E+03 1,0E+02 1,0E+01 1,0E storage [d] reference active film Ref.: Hauser,C., Fraunhofer IVV

16 Intelligent Systems Humidity Indicators

17 w ater content Idea: deliquescent bases not active active relative humidity Some bases form liquids when certain relative humidity is exceeded. Selection of base: setting of colour change.

18 Humidity Indicator with Al and hygriscopic substances inside Polymer [ µm] Color + hygroscopic substance [~1 µm] Aluminium [30-80 nm] outside Polymer [ µm] Activation: Al reacts with humidity inside the packaging Color becomes visible

19 Humidity Indicator with Al and hygroscopic substances 1 part Na 2 CO part NaI; 50 % RH, 1 day, 23 C Deliquescence points (% RH): NaI 40 Na 2 CO part Na 2 CO part NaI; 30 % RH, 1 day, 23 C

20 Possible application techniques Print base on aluminium layer base aluminium polymer Print base on film and laminate film on aluminium layer polymer base aluminium polymer mix aluminium flakes and base in printable carrier (metallic dyes) carrier base aluminium polymer

21 Intelligent Systems Food Freshness Indicators

22 FreshnessGuard detects sulphur containing compounds, mainly hydrogen sulphide a nano-scale layer of silver is printed on the inside of the package in shape of a cross the reaction of sulphides with silver causes a color change of the cross from opaque light brown to transparent FreshnessGuard Ref.: DE T5

23 It`s fresh is based on a metal co-ordinated complex which undergoes a ligand exchange with sulphur or nitrogen compounds Microbial Sensor The color changes from yellow to pink by releasing the ligand Still under development Ref.: and US 7,153,532 B1

24 Conclusion Active and Intelligent Systems can provide several benefits to the quality and safety of foods Some Active and Intelligent Systems can be applied on the packaging by printing methods The application is ruled by the Framework regulation (EC 450/2009) They can be used as marketing tools

25 Future perspectives Active packaging is an evolving technology There is a need for further research, especially for Intelligent Systems Retailer and consumers need to be trained/informed about the advantages.

26 Contact details Corinna Keupp Chair of Food Packaging Technology Sven Sängerlaub Fraunhofer IVV