Dose Makes the Poison

Transcription

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2 4 corners All substances are poisons. Strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree? Be prepared to explain your choice. vtqc Now discuss video with partner-what did you learn? Did anything surprise you?

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5 Dose Makes the Poison Found in everyday substances that we are exposed to on a regular basis. For example, Arsenic is a naturally occurring metalloid found with other minerals in the Earth. Odorless and colorless Arsenic is in water and traces can be found in food and beverages.

6 Dose Makes the Poison Arsenic benefits: 1. Magic bullet cure for syphilis STD before 1940 s 2. Used to treat cancer (leukemia) 3. Essential element for humans (possibly linked to DNA methylation and cancer prevention).

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8 Dose makes the Poison Botulin produced by botulinum bacteria causes botulism and death. However, it is now used to erase wrinkles in people s faces! sola dosis facit venenum' -Dose makes the poison. Paracelsus is credited for saying: "All things are poison and nothing is without poison; only the dose makes a thing not a poison." High doses of almost any substance can kill, but low doses can be beneficial.

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10 Dose makes the Poison The history of human use of poison can be traced back to the death of Socrates in 339 BC. The poison used to kill him was derived from the Hemlock plant.

11 Dose Makes the Poison Many plants are toxic-why do you suppose plants produce toxins?

12 Dose makes the poison Some plants like Hemlock contain organic compounds derived from amino acids, that especially affect the nervous system. Alkaloids are probably produced by plants as a protective mechanism against parasites, insects, and other herbivores.

13 Dose makes the poison Morphine (isolated in 1804 and produced by Merck in 1826) is a powerful pain reliever with a minimal lethal does of only 200 mg, but in case of hypersensitivity, 60 mg can bring sudden death.

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15 Dose makes the poison Which chocolate is more toxic?

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17 Dose makes the Poison Toxicology as a formal study was developed in 19 th century Mathieu Orfila published Traite des poisons that outlined the chemical properties of poisons James Marsh developed a very sensitive test for Arsenic in tissues and fluids. Up to this point Arsenic had been very difficult to trace.

18 Dose makes the Poison Toxicology as a formal study was developed in 19 th century Mathieu Orfila published Traite des poisons that outlined the chemical properties of poisons James Marsh developed a very sensitive test for Arsenic in tissues and fluids. Up to this point Arsenic had been very difficult to trace.

19 Dose makes the Poison 1840-James Marsh test was used to convict Marie- Fortunée Lafarge of murdering her husband, Charles, using arsenic powder in his food. Arsenic traces in the food, eggnog, and the serving dishes were linked to her.

20 Dose makes the Poison Mathieu Orfila (author of Traite des poisons) conducted a test for arsenic on Charles Lefarge decomposing body in the courtroom to prove that there were traces of the metalloid in his body.

21 Dose makes the Poison Arsenic accumulates in the nails and hair because it forms bonds with the disulfide bridges of amino acids that make up keratin.

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26 Dose makes the Poison After reading Dose Makes the Poison, you can calculate how much coffee would be a LD for you!

27 How many cups of coffee would take to kill a person of your size? Step 1-Convert lbs to kg. Step 2-Calculate mg of LD50 of coffee Step 3-Calculate total number of cups of coffee needed to reach LD

28 How many cups of coffee would take to kill a person of your size? Average 13 year old girl: 101 lbs. Step 1-Convert-101 lbs x.45kg=45.45kg Step 2-Calculate mg of LD50-200mg/kg x 45.45kg=9090mg of coffee is lethal Step 3-Calculate total number of cups of coffee needed to reach LD-9090mg/90mg per cup=101 cups needed to reach LD50 for teenage girl *Coffee is an example of chronic toxicity. Which is more deadly? Acute or chronic toxicity? Why?

29 Sources MC /