Indoor Smart Vertical Farm -a Solution for Food and Nutrition Security?

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1 Indoor Smart Vertical Farm -a Solution for Food and Nutrition Security? Miyoung Suh, RD, PhD Department of Food & Human Nutritional Sciences Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences University of Manitoba

2 Our longevity in Canada in 2017? Canada 82 yrs (M79;F83) Inuit 68.5 yrs (M64;F73) FN & Metis 76.2 yrs (M73.5;F79) WHO (2015): World wide: 71.5 yrs (M68.4;F72.8) 2

3 The health journeys in the Aboriginals & Northern Communities Obesity (26% vs 16% non-aboriginal Canadian) Diabetes (17.2% (on) 10.3% (off) vs 5% non-aboriginal) Heart Diseases Osteoporosis/Arthritis Atopic dermatitis Stress and Mental health Quality and quantity of food and nutrition???

4 Food Security and Nutrition (FAO, Food Security: Exist when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life Food Accessibility Food Availability Food Utilization Directly related to lower healthy eating index scores (Huet et al., 2010) 4

5 In 2015, 793 million Nunavut: people (~1 in 9 people) the highest are undernourished documented food (FAO). insecurity prevalence rate (68.8%) 14 communities in Northern MB that lacked all-weather roads, 75% of households reported being food insecure Aboriginal households (Thompson et al., 2011). across Canada: ~ two times higher food insecurity Aboriginal..linked to negative physical & mental (27% vs 11.5% nonfood Security health outcomes, Aboriginal) Facts (Tarasuk et al., 2013) including poor dietary quality, undernutrition, poor educational outcomes, Aboriginal Food Security in Northern Canada: and family stress. n Assessment of the State of Knowledge, Council of Canadian Academics, 2014; 5

6 7, % 21, % 27, % Aboriginal Identity Population (2011 NHS = 1,400,685, 4.3% of total Canadian) Aboriginal (%) per Provincial/Territorial Non-Aboriginal population 232, % 35, % 2, % 220, % Sources: - Mapping: Natural Resources Canada, National Atlas. - Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, AANDC tabulations. 157, % 195, % 301, % 141, % 22, % 33, % CIDM : Last updated: May

7 63 Smart Vertical Farm Established in OCN,

8 Food Intake pattern of Aboriginal pregnant women with (n=21) and without (n=19) alcohol consumption during their pregnancies (% of responses) Serving Size met Canada s Food Guide EtOH + EtOH Frut/Veg Grains Millk & Alternatives Meat & Alternatives Preliminary results from our inner city Nutrition for Two (FASD) study (in 2016)

9 Microbial test for food safety* (tested by ALS Environmental Division, Winnipeg, June 2016) E-Coli Salmonella Listeria Monocytogenes Romaine Lettuce 1 Romaine Lettuce 2 Kale 1 Kale 2 Ice Plant 1 Ice Plant 2 Vitamin 1 Vitamin 2 Lettuce 1 Lettuce 2 * should be tested on the regular basis (nutrient solutions/water, equipment and seeds) * Staphylococus aureus, total coliforms, fungus, molds..

10 Folder differences Nutrient enrichment in vegetables grown in the OCN Smart Farm (pilot test by SGS Canada Inc. June 2016) eg. Romaine Lettuce OCN vs the local grocery product OCN vs the Canadian Nutrition File (Health Canada) 10

11 Vegetable grown in the OCN Smart Farm for Diabetes eg. Iceplant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum): Contains D-pinitol, known as anti-diabetic agent Decreased glucose and increased insulin sensitivity in type 1 diabetic rats (Lee et al, 2014) Decreased lipids (cholesterol, triacylglycerides, free fatty acids, phospholipids) in serum and other tissues (Geethan & Prince, 2008) Serving as a functional vegetable!!! 11

12 So far OCN demonstrated > 40 different types of vegetables!!! Food Accessibility Food Availability Lettuce, spinach, parsley, broccoli, other leafy vegetables Beet, small radish. Kohlrabi. Current trials: Strawberry, Ginseng, Cheery Tomatos, Bitter melon etc Productivity (example of lettuce) - 25days/cycle (~ 200 heads/day) - cost ~$0.75 vs $1.99 in local vs $6.75 in Churchill Food Utilization 12

13 Korean Sushi ( Kimbob ) making day!!! July 27, 2016, 11:30am-1:30pm Beatrice Wilson Health Center Demonstration and then Do It Yourself Every staff at the health centre is welcome!!! (all ingredients will be provided: Rice, seaweeds, eggs, beef, spinach, carrots, radish etc.)

14 Vertical farm at OCN.. Decrease food insecurity Canada Worldwide Aboriginal communities Healthy individuals & community OCN Smart Vertical Decrease burden Farm on Health System 14

15 Health Benefit Research: Stage I Stage II Stage III Current Vegetables grown in OCN Clinical trials & Vegetable eating Campaign Functional Vegetables Priority for: Diabetes Hypertension Obesity (with KIST, Korea) Nutraceuticals Value-added products (functional juice/medical diet components etc) in vitro/in vivo (pre-clinical)/clinical trials 15

16 Thank you!

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