Introduction Bioprospecting at INBio

Transcription

1 Introduction Bioprospecting at INBio Giselle Tamayo-Castillo Scientific Coordinator-INBio University of Costa Rica, professor CAS Symposium May, 2009

2 Bioprospecting: Strategy Framework Organization Achievements Agreements Products Other Current Projects Contents Three examples of collaboration: ICBG U01 ChagaSpace Program and Mousetrap Foundation Collaboration with the University of Costa Rica

3 National Strategy of Conservation

4 Biodiversity as a source of New Products Cosmetics Phytopharmaceuticals PRODUCTS Industrial application products Drugs Innovation Value added Areas of knowledge Whatever the approach might be Insects Plants Microorganisms DNA Marine organisms Diversity of samples

5 Strategy

6 0.23 sp/km sp / km Mkm 2 52 Kkm 2 Plants Brazil Colombia China Mexico Australia No Amphibians Colombia 583 Brazil 516 Ecuador 358 Mexico 282 Indonesia 270 No Reptiles Mexico 707 Australia 597 Indonesia 529 Colombia 475 Brazil 462 No Mammals Indonesia 519 Colombia 453 Mexico 439 Brazil 421 China 410 No Birds Colombia Peru Brazil Ecuador Indonesia No

7 Strategy Up dated status of collections (December, 2007) Group Collected specimens (number) Specimens identified to the species level(%) Total species Plants Fungi Arthropods Mollusks Nematodes TOTAL % For 2007: Collected: specimens Identified to the species level: Species new to science: 82 (cumulative 2 590) Scientific publications: 89 (cumulative: 1068)

8 Systematic search for new sources of compounds, genes, designs, whole organisms and other products that have potential economic value and can be found in our biodiversity.

9 Framework Research Collaboration Agreements Raw material Added value Products Non-destructive uses Limited access Conservation Benefits Up-front payment for conservation Tech transfer and training Compensation: research budget and benefit sharing

10 Framework LAWS Access Guidelines published Dec. 2003

11 Technical Office of the CONAGEBIO Technical Guide PIC 1 Resolution 3 4 INBio PIC 2 Areas where sampling will be done

12 Organization

13 Organization Processes Prospecting program: 1991 Four main processes Chemistry Informatics

14 Achievements RCA RCA Phytera Revenue Sharing Agreement RCA Bougainvillea Follajes ticos La Gavilana AgroBiot S.A. Entomed SA and

15 Achievements LEBI, UME, HNN Florida Ice & Farm STI, OEA, UNIBE MAG CONICIT, CITA

16 Achievements: capabilities Tech Transfer -Capabilities-

17 Achievements: products Program IADB/FOMIN

18 Achievements: products Green Fluorescent Protein Marine Invertebrate Amistad Caribe

19 Achievements: products Enzyme from an environmental sample Arenal-Tempisque

20 Achievements: other benefits Additional Achievements More than 30 patents (Merck & Co.) License to commercialize a bionematicide product Several bacterial strains with nematicidal activity (moving to development and ready to be licensed) Over US$2 million transferred to public universities and conservation areas Infrastructure of more than US$2.5 million

21 Achievements: culture collection

22 Current Projects Current Projects

23 ICBG-U01 AP2 AP3

24 ICBG-U01 ICCB Screening Facility Modular work stations 384-well plates used predominantly Five full-time staff members Typical screening session: 14,080 compound wells (20 plates in duplicate) Comfortable capacity: ~350,000 wells (500 plates in duplicate) screened/week

25 ICBG-U01

26

27 = 3189-CR Arthoniaceae Crytothecia = 3195-CR Dichosporidum nigrocinctum Active In breast cancer associated test Active In breast cancer associated test 0 lumana@inbio.ac.cr vvasquez@inbio.ac.cr

28 CR Canoparmelia caroliniana Active In breast cancer associated test And Malaria target protein Unpublished Depside Unpublished results 28

29 ChagaSpace Project

30 ChagaSpace Project WHY IS IMPORTANT TO STUDY CHAGAS DISEASE? Between Million people infected in Latin America (WHO) Over 20,000 deaths per year

31 ChagaSpace Project

32 Strategy IC 50 < 10 µm SI > 10 IC 50 < 1 µm SI > 50

33 Results Distribution of antimalarials extracts Distribution of antiparasitic extracts SPONGE 13% SPONGE 24% FUNGI 22% PLANT 54% FUNGI 34% PLANT 53% Distribution of antileishmaniasis extracts FUNGI 36% SPONGE 3% PLANT 61% 500 extracts were tested: 278 plant extracts 180 fungal extracts 42 marine sponge extracts 163 extracts positive, 8% on more than one Distribution of antichagasic extracts FUNGI 44% SPONGE 6% PLANT 50%

34 Results Table: Number of active extracts exhibiting IC 50 < 2 µg/ml Type Trypanosoma brucei a Trypanosoma cruzi b Leishmannia donnovani c Plasmodium falciparum d Plants Fungi Sponges Total Hit rate 2% 0,2% 1% 10% Table: Number of active extracts exhibiting IC 50 < 2 µg/ml and SI > 50 Type Tb a Tc b Ld c Pf d Plants Fungi Sponges Total

35 Results Plants Fungi Sponges In vitro: Determination: in vitro, Tulahuen C4 strain, amastigotes 13(Z)-17-octadecadiene-9,11-diinoic acid µg/ml Arjunolic acid µg/ml MK µg/ml Unpublished results Other related results: Wipf et al. Org Biomol Chem. 2004, 2:1651

36 Phytoremediation & NMR Metabolic Profiling: Abiotic stress in an Asteraceae plant Collaboration with the University of Costa Rica (R. Romero, PI) Plantlets (A) were treated with Pb 2+ (B), citric acid (C) and a combination of both (D); five replicates Cells were extracted with D 2 O, normalized, added DSS and measured ( 1 H, 128 transients, temp 30 C, 90º pulse, delay of 60s; size 65K) Metabolites were identified with dqfcosy and comparision with Chenomx database

37 Metabolic profiling-pca Unpublished results

38 Metabolic profiling-pca 6-hydroxynicotinate conc Unpublished results

39 COSTA RICA Thanks! Gracias!