Insects in fish feeding. Erik-Jan Lock

Transcription

1 Insects in fish feeding Erik-Jan Lock

2 Finding new feed resources Volumes/price ABP Plant Krill Sustainability/responsible sourcing/ Microalgae Seaweeds Insects SCP Blue mussels

3 Approach Insect as natural feed ingredients for sustainable salmon Macroalgae Insect protein Insect lipid Optimize fish feed Robust atlantic salmon Use marine sources (macroalgae) to modify the composition of the insect larvae towards a marine profile Use insects to convert wastes and under-used resources from the marine environment into highly nutritious feed ingredients for Atlantic salmon

4 Objective Insect as natural feed ingredients for sustainable salmon? Evaluation of insect meal and insect lipid as a feed ingredients for Atlantic salmon

5 Feed ingredients and Experimental trial Factorial 2x2-way ANOVA Insect meal (IM) A nodosum (50%) Wheat BSF larvae Fresh-water Atlantic salmon Insect oil (IO) FM: Fish meal VP: Vegetable protein FO: Fish oil VO: Vegetable oil Standard diet (CTL) FM/VP FO/VO 85% FM/VP F-V/IO IO IM: insect meal IO: insect oil IM IO IM FO/VO 60% insects! IM/IO IM/VO Experimental facility-dirdal

6 Experimental trial Formulation and proximate composition of the experimental diets fed to fresh-water Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) Ingredients (%) CTL F-V/IO IM/VO IM/IO FM LT IM VP FO VO IO IO Quadruplicate group of fresh water Atlantic salmon 50g 8 weeks 150g

7 Growth performances parameters No differences in voluntary feed intake -> indicating that insects-based diets were palatable for Atlantic salmon FI/day Average weight (g) 3x CTL F-V/IO IM/VO IM/IO FCR

8 Apparent digestibility and body composition Crude protein ADC % 96% * 93% % on wet weight CTL F-V/IO IM/VO IM/IO CTL F-V/IO IM/VO IM/IO + The calculated digestibility of AA was high and ranged between 96 and 98 % Insect meal can be utilized efficiently as main dietary protein source for Atlantic salmon

9 Crude lipid 99% 98% ADC % % on wet weight CTL F-V/IO IM/VO IM/IO CTL F-V/IO IM/VO IM/IO + The calculated digestibility of FAs was high and ranged between 95 and 99 %

10 Lipid and fatty acids BSF-> rich in medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) with lauric acid (C12) representing 21-50% of FAs FA composition (g/100 g total FA) of the 4 experimental diets CTL F-V/IO IM/VO IM/IO 12:0 n.d Saturated FA CTL F-V/IO IM/VO IM/IO 12:0 n.d. 9 ± ± ± 0.6 Saturated FA 17 ± ± ± ± 0.1 CTL F-V/IO IM/VO IM/IO 12:0 n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. Saturated FA 7 ± ± ± ± 0.3 MCFA (C12)-> energy-yielding substrates->decreased food intake and reduced fat deposition in humans (St-Onge et al, 2003) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (Nordrum et al., 2003)

11 Histological evaluation Results from: Åshild Krogdahl Pyloric intestine (PI) Mid intestine (MI) Pyloric cecae Distal intestine (DI) Hyper-vacuolization

12 Histological evaluation: Pyloric intestine Enterocyte hyper-vacuolization Results from: Åshild Krogdahl REF, n=10 IM, n=12 P= CTL REF IM/VO Normal Mild Moderate Marked Normal Mild Moderate

13 Pyloric intestine: lipid metabolism ApoAIV ApoAI CYP51 HMGCR SREBP2 Adipophilin FABP2b NPC1L1 CD36 Fold change in gene expression level Mean± SEM. *, P<0.05; **, P<0.01; ***, P< n=12. involved in assisting the storage of neutral lipids within the lipid droplets Results from: Åshild Krogdahl

14 Conclusion Insect as natural feed ingredients for sustainable salmon? Addition of 600g/kg of insect meal in combination with insect oil was possible without any adverse effect on growth performance, feed utilization, apparent digestibility and whole body composition Evaluation of insect meal and insect lipid as feed ingredients for Atlantic salmon BSF larvae meal seems to be a good source of amino acids and has high digestibility for amino acids in salmon Ameliorated lipid accummulation within enterocytes in the proximal intestine

15 Seawater trial 1.5 kg Market size (4.5 kg) Diet 1- FM 100% 4 x 3= 12 cages in total Diet 2- FM:IM 2:1 Earthy Odour FM100 A100 B25 Sour Metallic Chemical 0 Marine Diet 3- FM:IM 1:2 Rancid Vegetable-oil Fish-oil Texture FM100 A100 B25 Hardness Diet 4- IM 100% 90 fish in each cage Juicyness Coarseness

16 Protein meals

17 ENTOFÔR from waste to resource NorInsect AS Myldregard AS Botngaard Bioprotix AS

18 WP 4: Develop methods for detection and tracing of non-legal waste use in the insect production chain

19 Task 4.1 & Task 4.2 Peptidomic profiling of different insect species reared on specific waste products Quantification of specific waste products or insect species in a feed ingredient (mixture)

20 Task 4.1 & Task 4.2 NIFES Marc Berntssen, Josef D. Rasinger, Erik-Jan Lock LUMC Magnus Palmblad CRA-W Olivier Fumiere and Marie-Caroline Lecrenier UN Patsy Renard and Marc Dieu

21 Developing peptide markers for the quantitative species (and tissue) specific differentiation of processed animal protein

22 MS based approaches

23 MS based approaches

24 MS based approaches Rasinger, J. D. et al. Species and tissues specific differentiation of processed animal proteins in aquafeeds using proteomics tools. J. Proteomics 147, (2016).

25 MS based approaches

26 MS based approaches Yılmaz, Ş. et al. A Pipeline for Differential Proteomics in Unsequenced Species. J. Proteome Res. 15, (2016). Palmblad, M. & Deelder, A. M. Molecular phylogenetics by direct comparison of tandem mass spectra. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 26, (2012).

27 MS based approaches

28 MS based approaches

29 Task SAFE 4.1: PAP Peptidomic Developing profiling peptide of markers different for the insect quantitative species species reared (and on specific tissue) waste specific products differentiation of processed animal protein

30 Task 4.2: 4.1: Peptidomic Quantification profiling specific of different waste insect products species or insect reared species on specific in a feed waste ingredient products mixture

31 Task 4.2: Quantification of specific waste products or insect species in a feed ingredient mixture

32 Task 4.2: Quantification of specific waste products or insect species in a feed ingredient mixture Figure 1 A schematic overview of blood meal identification using spectral proteomes.

33 Task 4.2: Quantification of specific waste products or insect species in a feed ingredient mixture

34 Work plan for WP 4.1 and WP 4.2

35 Time line Rough Time Line WP 4 Task 1 and Task 2 Collect samples Sample prep Task 4.1 Mass spec Task Task 4.1 Data Analyis Task Task 4.1 Sample prep Task 4.2 Manuscript 1 DB Creation Mass spec Task Task 4.2 Data Analyis Task Task 4.2 Manuscript 2

36 Thank you for you attention!