Chapter 4 Managing Stress & Coping with Loss

Transcription

1 Chapter 4 Managing Stress & Coping with Loss

2 Chapter 4 Lesson 1

3 Stress can affect you in both p and n ways.

4 What Is Stress? How you think about a challenge determines whether you will experience positive or negative stress. Feeling stress is a n part of life. Stress is the r of the body and mind to e challenges and d.

5 What Is Stress? How much the stress of an event affects you depends in part on your perception of it. Perception

6 Reacting to Stress Stress can have both a positive and a negative effect. Positive stress can m you and inspire you to work harder. Negative stress can cause you to feel d, overwhelmed, impatient, frustrated, or even a. It can harm your health.

7 Causes of Stress Stressors vary among individuals and groups. Potential Stressors are: P Objects P Events S

8 Causes of Stress The effect of a stressor depends on your experiences and perceptions. Stressor

9 Your Body s Response to Stressors Stressors activate the nervous system and specific hormones. When you perceive something to be dangerous, difficult, or painful, your body a begins a stress response.

10 Your Body s Response to Stressors The stress response involves three stages. Your mind and body go on high alert. This fight-orflight response prepares you to defend yourself or to flee from a threat. If exposure to a stressor continues, your body adapts and reacts to the stressor. This stage lasts for a brief period. If exposure to stress is prolonged, you begin to tire and lose the ability to manage other stressors effectively.

11 Your Body s Response to Stressors

12 Stress and Your Health Ongoing stress affects all a of your health. The physical c that take place in your body during the stress r can take a t on your body.

13 Stress and Your Health Prolonged stress can lead to a psychosomatic response. Psychosomatic response

14 Stress and Your Health H The Physical Effects of Stress A weakened immune system High b p Bruxism, clenching the jaw or grinding the teeth Digestive disorders

15 Stress and Your Health Mental/Emotional and Social Effects of Stress Difficulty concentrating I Mood swings

16 Chapter 4 Lesson 2

17 You can manage stress by learning skills to r the amount and impact of stress in your life.

18 When Stress Becomes a Problem Identifying what is stressful is the f in learning how to m stress. step The trick for managing stress is to learn s to keep stress from building up and to deal with individual stressors e.

19 When Stress Becomes a Problem The effects of stress are additive, meaning they build up over time. An increasing number of teens are experiencing chronic stress. chronic stress

20 Stress-Management Techniques You can develop strategies to both avoid and reduce your stress. Stress-m skills help you manage stressors in a h, effective way.

21 Avoiding and Limiting Stress Avoiding situations that cause stress is the e way to reduce its effects. If you re unable to avoid a stressor, you can try to r or limit the amount of stress you re exposed to.

22 Avoiding and Limiting Stress Strategies for Avoiding and Limiting Stress If taking on a new activity will add to your stress, use refusal skills to say no. Manage your time wisely by planning ahead. Think about how stressed you feel before a test. A positive outlook limits stress by shifting your perception and how you respond to a stressor. Using tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs will harm the body and cause more stress.

23 Avoiding and Limiting Stress Planning ahead can help you avoid or limit stress.

24 Handling Stress and Reducing Its Effects For stressors that are unavoidable, practice stress reduction techniques to achieve a relaxation response. Relaxation response

25 Handling Stress and Reducing Its Effects To lower the impact of stress on your health, try these tips: Deep breathing, thinking pleasant thoughts, stretching, taking a warm bath, and even laughing can relieve your stress. When energy builds up from stress, use that energy in a constructive way. Work on a creative project or engage in physical activity. Confide in someone you trust for an objective view and valuable advice.

26 Staying Healthy and Building Resiliency Taking care of your h is e to stress management. Positive health-maintenance habits help you deal with stress, p stress, reduce stress, and recover from stress.

27 Get Adequate Rest Adequate sleep can help you face the challenges and d of the next day. Using time-management skills will allow you to get the eight to nine hours of sleep that you need each night. Get Regular Physical Activity Participating in regular physical activity benefits your o health. Physical activity can release pent-up energy, clear your m, increase your energy level and your endurance, and help you s better.

28 Eat Nutritious Foods Eating a variety of h foods and drinking plenty of water not only helps your body function properly, but it also reduces the effects of s. Poor eating habits can contribute to stress, causing weakness, fatigue, and a reduced ability to c. Staying Healthy and Building Resiliency Include self-maintenance and stress-management strategies in your d routine. Resiliency helps you handle difficulties and c in healthful ways and a long-term success in spite of negative circumstances.

29 Chapter 4 Lesson 3

30 Understanding the grieving process helps you cope with loss and manage your feelings in healthy ways.

31 Acknowledging Loss A a loss is one way to help begin the healing process. Everyone e loss during their lives and the grief that it brings.

32 Expressing Grief The grieving process can help people accept the loss and start to heal. Feelings of loss are very p. Everyone g in their own way. Some may talk about their loss; others may want to be alone.

33 The Grieving Process Swiss-American psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler- Ross noted that the grieving process includes stages of grief. stages of grief

34 Stages of Grief D (numbness) Emotional Release A B D Remorse A Hope

35 The Grieving Process During the Denial or Numbness stage of grief, it may be difficult to b the loss has occurred. During the Emotional Release stage of grief, the loss is recognized. This stage often involves periods of c. During the Anger stage of grief, the person uses anger because he or she feels p and unfairly deprived.

36 The Grieving Process During the Bargaining stage of grief, the reality of the loss sets in and the person may promise to c if what was lost can be returned. During the Depression stage of grief, there are feelings of sadness. In addition, feelings of isolation, alienation, and h may occur. During the Remorse stage of grief, the person may become preoccupied with thoughts about how the loss could have been p.

37 The Grieving Process During the Acceptance stage of grief, the person faces the reality of the loss, and experiences closure. Closure

38 The Grieving Process During the Hope stage of grief, remembering becomes less painful, and the person begins to look ahead to the future. This stage involves coping. Coping

39 Memorial services and sites help people grieve and show respect. The Grieving Process

40 Coping with Death Coping with death involves receiving and showing s. Death is one of the most painful losses we can experience.

41 Coping with Death Most people respond to loss by mourning. Mourning Mourning includes t about the person, experiencing the pain of the loss, and searching for m.

42 Showing Empathy Grieving alone makes the process more difficult. The friendship and support of others who are also grieving may make the process e. If you know someone who is grieving, show support by helping the person to recall happy m and being a sympathetic listener. Use s when appropriate.

43 Community Support A person s c background also influences grieving. Common mourning rituals, such as m services, v (or wakes), and funerals are events that celebrate the life of the person who has died.

44 Coping with Traumatic Events After a traumatic event, you may question your sense of security and confidence. Traumatic event

45 Coping with Traumatic Events Support from family, friends, and community resources can help individuals recover from a traumatic event. Traumatic events are s and shocking, such as a, violent assaults, s, and natural disasters.