Advanced Researches on psychological effects on astronauts operating in Microgravity, Isolated and Confined Environments

Transcription

1 Programme for Research-Development-Innovative for Space Technology and Advance Research STAR Advanced Researches on psychological effects on astronauts operating in Microgravity, Isolated and Confined Environments Cristian VIZITIU, PhD Scientific Researcher III Institute of Space Science STARWALKER Workshop October 2016

2 Contents: I. Psychological stressors and implications II. Research approches and features III. Main Researches: A. Speech and language disorder identification B. Face Expression Analysis C. Thermal expression analysis D. Psychological Stress assessment IV. Conclusions : features and perspectives

3 Main stressors and general effects: General effects: Psychological The most critical problems facing humans in long duration spaceflight, after the biomedical problems, are the psychosocial and psychological problems Oleg Atkov, Russian Cosmonaut (237 days aboard Salut 7, 1984). Physiological: e.g. bone demineralization, myasthenia, cardiovascular decompensation etc. Photo Credit: Photo Credit: Photo Credit: Main stressors: I S O L A T I O N separation feature C O N F I N E M E N T restriction feature M I C R O G R A V I T Y lack of stimulation

4 I. Psychological/Psychosocial implications* - Atention loss ISOLATION - Emotional lability - Motivational decline - Iirascibility CONFINEMENT - Anxiety & depression - Interpersonal tension MICROGRAVITY - Vertij and space dezorientation - Space sickness fatigue insomnia and agitation - ASTENIA *Vizitiu, R., Vizitiu, C. (2015). Importanta cunoasterii problemelor psihologice correlate cu limbajul in conditii extreme de existenta umana in spatial cosmic, in Tehnici si practici Psihologice, Editura Universitara, Bucuresti, pg , ISBN psychosomatic symptoms group withdrawal low group cohesion

5 II. Research approches and features (i) Psychophysiological-type approaches: A. Speech and Language Disorder Identification B. Face Expression Analysis C. Face/Neck Thermal Dynamics Analysis D. Combined A/B/C for Psychological Stress assessment

6 II. Research approches and features (ii) Common investigation features: non-invazive non-contact minimum obtrusive in-situ observable use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

7 II. Research approches and features (iii) A.I. Motivation extended observations multi-modal data tune solutions to individual traits ESA A.I. for Space

8 II. Research approches and features (iv): use of Artificial Intelligence Figure: General framework for supervised machine learning

9 Main Investigations: A. Speech and Language Disorder Identification B. Face Expression Analysis C. Face/Neck Thermal Dynamics Analysis D. Combined A/B/C for Psychological Stress assessment

10 A. Speech and language disorder identification (i)* Articulation disorders dyslalia; rhinolalia Rhythm and fluency disorders Stuttering Cluttering (also called tachyphemia) Pathologically slow speech rate Photo credit: Photo credit: *Vizitiu, R., Vizitiu, C. (2015). Importanta cunoasterii problemelor psihologice correlate cu limbajul in conditii extreme de existenta umana in spatial cosmic, in Tehnici si practici Psihologice, Editura Universitara, Bucuresti, pg , ISBN

11 A. Speech and language disorder identification (ii)* Voice disorders: Dysphonia Macrofonia Difficultness towards internal structure of language and formulation of ideas: - space sickness - multilingualism Photo credit: Photo credit: *Vizitiu, R., Vizitiu, C. (2015). Importanta cunoasterii problemelor psihologice correlate cu limbajul in conditii extreme de existenta umana in spatial cosmic, in Tehnici si practici Psihologice, Editura Universitara, Bucuresti, pg , ISBN

12 A. Speech and language disorder identification (iii): application on-going development Figure: General app structure for Speech and Language disorder identification SLD = Speech and Language Disorder

13 Main Investigations: A. Speech and language disorder identification B. Face Expression Analysis C. Thermal expression analysis D. Combined A/B/C for Psychological Stress assessment

14 B. Face Expression Analysis (i)*: Approach to Face Expression Analysis in Determining Emotional Valence and Intensity Overview: 8 FCPs (Facial Characteristic Points) 4 eyes FCPs, 2 mouth FCPs, 2 nose FCPs. 3 TXTs (Textures) 2 cheeks s, 1 forehead TXT. emotional valence positive emotions (happiness, surprise) negative emotions (sadness, disgust, fear, anger, surprise) emotional intensity *Dinculescu, A., Vizitiu, C., Nistorescu, A., Marin, M., Vizitiu, A. (2015). Novel Approach to Face Expression Analysis in Determining Emotional Valence and Intensity with Benefit for Human Space Flight Studies. Published in ISI Proceedings of The 5th IEEE International Conference on E-Health and Bioengineering EHB 2015, Iaşi, Romania, November

15 B. Face Expression Analysis (ii)*: Approach to Face Expression Analysis in Determining Emotional Valence and Intensity Emotional valence and emotional intensity is determined by 6 steps: *Dinculescu, A., Vizitiu, C., Nistorescu, A., Marin, M., Vizitiu, A. (2015). Novel Approach to Face Expression Analysis in Determining Emotional Valence and Intensity with Benefit for Human Space Flight Studies. Published in ISI Proceedings of The 5th IEEE International Conference on E-Health and Bioengineering EHB 2015, Iaşi, Romania, November

16 Main Investigations: A. Speech and Language Disorder Identification B. Face Expression Analysis C. Face/Neck Thermal Dynamics Analysis D. Combined A/B/C for Psychological Stress assessment

17 C. Face/Neck Thermal Dynamics Analysis(i) Applications using Thermal Imaging for detecting physiological signals: > Respiration rate > Arterial pulse etc. Source: Source: Source: Nummenmaa et al., 2014

18 C. Face/Neck Thermal Dynamics Analysis (ii): Respiration rate* Identification and analysation of interest area Thermal evolution in time measured on nose area *(Dinculescu, A., Master Thesis Research)

19 Main Investigations: A. Speech and Language Disorder Identification B. Face Expression Analysis C. Face/Neck Thermal Dynamics Analysis D. Combined A/B/C for Psychological Stress assessment

20 D. Psychological Stress assessment (i) stress is a feeling of strain and pressure (Sapolsky, 2004). stress as psychological changes that result from (...) changes in task demands and incentives (Brenner et al., 1994) stress as psychological changes that result from (...) the level of mental and physical work needed to maintain performance in communication (Bittner et.al., 2013) Psychological stress describes what people feel when they are under mental, physical, or emotional pressure (NCI, USA); no data in humans subjected to stress in space are available (Strewe et al., 2012:674) since approx. four years, important experiments and integrated systems have been started for gaining better images on humans under space stress Photo:artemvitale.com/

21 D. Psychological Stress assessment (ii): on-going investigations Purpose: determining phases of stress (Lack of Stress, Stress Anticipation, Stress, Stress Recovery) Based on AI methods, the application could gather parameters as: Speech and language disorder identification Face expression analysis input IR resulted physilogical signals other physiological parameters for classifier training

22 CONCLUSIONS: - investigations and on-going development apps featuring: NONINVASIVENESS NONCONTACT NO OBTRUSIVENESS OPERATIONAL/DECISION-MAKING AUTONOMY - investigations of immediate interest for the space sector - perspectives for: psychological coutermeasures integrated countermeasures, including physiological ones benefits for terestrial society: demanding professions, athlets, health recovering etc.

23 Contacts: