In an Unspoken Voice How the Body Releases Trauma and Restores Goodness Mind, Brain, and Body in the Transformation of Trauma

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1 Somatic Experiencing In an Unspoken Voice How the Body Releases Trauma and Restores Goodness Mind, Brain, and Body in the Transformation of Trauma Peter A Levine, PhD The Evolution of Psychotherapy 2018 Anaheim, California Survey Says Americans Would Give Up Sex to Avoid PowerPoint Presentations: Just how boring are PowerPoint presentations? In a new survey released nearly one-fourth (24 percent) of people say they'd rather give up sex than sit through yet another PowerPoint. Twenty-one percent would prefer to do their taxes and 20 percent would rather go to the dentist. Ouch! 1

2 DesCartes The Mind Body Problem The Diagnoses of a New Disease There is a voice that doesn t use words. Listen. - Rumi 2

3 3

4 Specificity of Emotions 5x greater for Touch than with Facial Expression Psychology Today Touch Communicates Distinct Emotions Mathew Hertenstein DePauw University Dacher Keltner University of California, Berkeley Emotion Copyright 2006 by the American Psychological Association 2006, Vol. 6, No. 3, DOI: /

5 Core Regulation: Working from the Bottom Up PTSD PTSD is the tip of the Trauma/Stress iceberg DESNOS Somatoform Disorders 5

6 Impala All about Survival The Roots of Traumatization A threat to survival in the face of helplessness The Fight/Flight/Freeze Response Terror Fear in the face of helplessness 6

7 The Freeze Response Numbing through endorphins Vagal (parasympathetic) tone Bimodal sympathetic/parasympathetic cycling (the accelerator/break analogy) Immobilization with Fear 7

8 Immobilization without Fear 8

9 9

10 Unsafe touch (Why cant I let him love me) 10

11 Baby Jack Mike Drowning Somatic Play 11

12 The brainstem and cerebellum forms the basic matrix upon which is built all that we will feel and know about ourselves and about our world. Rock a bye baby Bring back the Hammock 12

13 Mammals are Us Harlow s Monkeys Touch Deprivation 13

14 Dorsal Vagus Reticular Activating (Sympathetic) System Ventral Vagus The Quest for Safety Emergent Properties of Physiological State Environment outside the body & inside the body Nervous System Neuroception Safety Spontaneously engages others eye contact, facial expression, prosody supports visceral homeostasis Danger Life threat Defensive strategies death feigning/shutdown (immobilization) Defensive strategies fight/flight behaviors (mobilization) 14

15 Neuroception: Promote mental and physical health Environment Visceral State Safe Ventral Vagus Danger/ Threat SNS Life Threat / Mortal Threat Dorsal Vagus Copyright 2012 Stephen W. Porges Neuroception: Promote mental and physical health Environment Safe Visceral State Ventral Vagus Danger SNS Life Threat / Mortal Threat Dorsal Vagus Copyright 2012 Stephen W. Porges Activation and Arousal Returning from Fight or Flight back to safety Dorsal Vagal HypoArous al/ Shutdown Sympatheti c HyperActiva tion Cont d Activation Move through activation Alertness Relaxation Ventral Vagal Safety Copyright 2016 Peter A Levine 15

16 The 9:1 Split - Vooo. Rahula Protector of the Dharma Enter the sharing of warmth, pleasure and excitement!!! 16

17 Happy Babies Stimulating the Capacity for Joy and Pleasure Happy Baby Quads 17

18 Emerson Fear Scare Boundary Enter the Dopamine System Age months The world be me oyster Dopamine requires boundaries, containment, and restraint or make way for the terrible twos From 90% positive interactions at age nine months to one negative interaction every nine minutes 18

19 First Scoldings Healthy Development What happens when these boundaries are not established? 19

20 The Temper Tantrum And the years later! 20

21 Reaching for Connection Dissolution: Social Communication Creating order in social mammal species (3 years+) 21

22 Submission: Setting the rules and establishing dominance hierarchies 22

23 Posture of Shame Socialization Enter Shame Age 3-4 Shame - agitated 23

24 Shame - collapsed When repair does not take place in a timely fashion shame becomes chronic. This leads to the shame based personality One time I struck you down to properly harden your heart, but I also tenderly raised you up and wiped away your tears. Tove Ditlevsen, from Lille verden 24

25 I will do almost anything to not feel these feelings and drown out the voices This is characteristic of Borderline and Narcissistic disorders and includes the substances of choice and compulsive behaviors of many of our addictive clients. Disgust is a (developmental) companion of emotion of shame. Shame Exercise 25

26 Survival of the Faintest Strata of Memory Trauma and Memory; Brain and Body in a search for the Living Past 26

27 Relationships between Memory Systems Smovey Vibro-swing set Ilene Blaisch Ray s Story Iraq/Afghanistan Marine 27

28 28

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