Friday, August 25 th

Transcription

1 Friday, August 25 th Happy Friday!! As you come in, please: Student s choice on seats choose wisely or you may be moved! Front table pick up a Unit Three Overview and read it

2 FYI Our Early Release Schedule for Next Wednesday >>> Class Updates

3 Unit Three Cognition & Intelligence In our new Unit Three we ll be studying: How do we think? How do we decide what to focus on? What is intelligence & how do we measure it?

4 Cognition The mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. In general, cognition = thinking.

5 What is thought? Our concept of men may include all of the following guys. There are basically two types of thought 1. Concepts (schemas) usually based on prototypes. 2. Images But they are based on our prototype (ideal) male..

6 Problem Solving

7 Unscramble S P L O Y O C H Y G

8 Algorithm all 907,208 combinations Heuristic throw out all YY combinations other heuristics? PSYCHOLOGY!

9 Algorithms A rule that guarantees the right solution to a problem. Usually by using a formula. They work but are sometimes impractical. /watch?v=eaqueccpd9s

10 Heuristics A rule of thumb that generally, but not always, can be used to make a judgment to solve a problem. It is fast, but is Prone to errors Two major types of heuristics. aci8ctfhewu =aci8ctfhewu

11 Representativeness Heuristic Who went to Harvard? Dan is a smart dude, but did not go to Harvard (but he looks like he did). If I tell you that Sonia Dara is a Sports Illustrated swimsuit model, you would make certain quick judgments (heuristics) about her like about her interests or intelligence. She is an economics major at Harvard University. Judging a situation based on how similar the aspects are to the prototypes. E.G. - thinking everyone from Love and Hip Hop is a thug, or someone with glasses is nerdy, or a blonde is not smart.

12 Availability Heuristic Judging a situation based on the availability of information in memory. Which city has the highest murder rate? The crime rate of Philadelphia, PA is much higher than that of New York City. Click here for the 2013 stats. New York, NY types of heuristics Philadelphia, PA

13 Read each question and decide the choice you think is correct. Which of the following is the more frequent cause of death in the World? 1. all accidents or strokes? 2. electrocution or asthma? 3. homocide or diabetes? 4. motor vehicle (car, truck, bus) accidents or colon cancer? 5. leukemia or drowning? Which country has the larger population? 6. Morocco or Saudi Arabia? 7. Australia or Myanmar? 8. Vietnam or South Africa? 9. Libya or Sri Lanka? 10. Tanzania or Iraq? Which city has the higher murder rate (per capita)? 11. San Juan or Detroit? 12. Chicago or Baltimore? 13. Manhattan or Gary, IN? 14. Boston or New Haven, CT? 15. Flint, MI or Dallas? 16. San Francisco or Durham, NC?

14 Read each question and decide the choice you think is correct. Which of the following is the more frequent cause of death in the World? 1. all accidents (35.9) or strokes (61.4)? 2. asthma (1.7) or electrocution (.07)? 3. homocide (5.7) or diabetes (23.6)? 4. motor vehicle (car, truck, bus) accidents (15.6) or colon cancer (20.8)? 5. leukemia (6.2) or drowning (1.4)? Which country has the larger population? 6. Morocco (31m) or Saudi Arabia (23m)? 7. Australia (19m) or Myanmar (42m)? 8. Vietnam (80m) or South Africa (44m? 9. Libya (5m) or Sri Lanka (19m)? 10. Tanzania (36m) or Iraq (23m)? Which city has the higher murder rate (per capita)? 11. San Juan (665) or Detroit (572)? 12. Chicago (371) or Baltimore (551)? 13. Manhattan (184) or Gary (556)? 14. Boston (216) or New Haven (274) 15. Flint, MI (384) or Dallas (315)? 16. San Francisco (170) or Durham (238)?

15 One day, as you walk through the commons, you find this key. How would you use an algorithm to find the lock to which this key belongs? What about a heuristic?

16 Stranded!

17 Monday, August 28 th Good morning! Student s Choice on Seating just fill a Quad before you spill out to the next one

18 FYI Our Early Release Schedule for Next Wednesday >>> Class Updates

19 Class Updates Formative Assessment on Thursday Covers Thinking notes & tomorrow s notes on Intelligence Go Over Your Notes 2-3x Please put out your Guided Notes from Friday and we ll complete them in a moment! ogy+cognition&oq=crash+co&aqs=chrome.0.69i59l2j69i57j 69i59j69i60l2.3061j0j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

20 Hurdles to problem solving

21 Mental set your formula for success in a regular class vs AP a.k.a. rigidity The tendency to fall into established thought patterns. Try to solve a problem in a way that previously worked.

22 Functional Fixedness (example of mental set) The inability to see a new use for an object. Think of as many uses as you can for a

23 Confirmation Bias Looking for evidence to confirm our beliefs and ignore evidence that contradicts them. i.e. - One believes that all Italians are in shape and go tanning, then they turn on MTV.

24 Framing 90% of the population will be saved with this medication..or 10% of the population will die despite this medication. You should not drink more than two drinks per day.or You should not drink more than 730 drinks a year. Look at the following question and think about how the question is worded may effect the way it is answered. How can businesses become more socially responsible? The way a problem is presented can drastically effect the way we view it.

25 Overconfidence Our confidence is not a good indicator of how right we are. Belief Perseverancemaintaining a belief even after it has been proven wrong Belief Bias- People will tend to accept any and all conclusions that fit in with their systems of belief, without challenging or seriously considering what it is they believe

26 Artificial Intelligence designing computer systems to simulate human thinking and do intelligent things computer neural networks computer circuits that mimic the brain s neural cells, performing tasks such as learning to recognize visual patterns or cells

27 CREATIVITY convergent.divergent thinking Almost impossible to define. Little correlation between creativity and intelligence. Convergent Thinking versus Divergent Thinking

28 Divergent Thinking Convergent Thinking used to solve problems that have multiple solutions its use requires creativity or thinking outside the box both are types of thinking used to solve problems / 1 answer 1 questions How would you use both to win a couples dance contest? used to solve problems that have one solution its use requires a narrow focus; the ability to correctly interpret the problem/question /watch?v=1cyzkyxp0jg

29 Task: Create a track for the marble to travel down the board the fastest without falling off. RULES: 1. Board MUST stand straight up. ABSOLUTELY NO bending or leaning. 2. You can use ONLY the materials given to you in the supplies. 3. The marble must stay on the board while timing to qualify- if it falls off your team is eliminated!

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