SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS ON PARKINSON S DISEASE RESEARCH TRENDS IN ASIA DURING

Transcription

1 International Journal of Library & Information Science (IJLIS) Volume 6, Issue 2, March April 2017, pp , Article ID: IJLIS_06_02_006 Available online at Journal Impact Factor (2016): (Calculated by GISI) ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS ON PARKINSON S DISEASE RESEARCH TRENDS IN ASIA DURING U. Nagalingam University Deputy Librarian, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry ABSTRACT This study attempts to analyse the growth and development of Parkinson s disease research in Asia based on the publication output as reflected from Scopus database during It was found that a total of papers on Parkinson s disease research during the period understudy. Results of the study reveal the gradual growth of publications on the topic addressed. Articles were found the most used document type with (73.83%) publications followed by reviews. This results further revealed the collaborative nature of research among authors during the period. It was found that documents with more than three authored papers occupied the 1 st rank; the Parkinsonism and Related Disorders gets the maximum number of documents to be published with 411 (2.92%) titles in its share followed by PLoS One with 365 (2.60%) records and Neuroscience Letters with 258 (1.83%) and so on; Hattori, N. becomes the most productive author followed by Tan, E.K. China which is the leading country followed by Japan. Keywords: Bibliometrics, Scientometrics, Parkinson s disease, Relative growth rate, Doubling Time. Cite this Article: U. Nagalingam, Scientometric Analysis on Parkinson s Disease Research Trends In Asia During International Journal of Library & Information Science, 6(2), 2018, pp INTRODUCTION Parkinson s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects the parts of the brain that controls movement, resulting in tremors, stiffness, and slowness. Difficulty walking and loss of balance typically emerge as the disease progresses. Some people may also develop dementia as their PD progresses into the later stages of the disease, often resulting in significant memory loss, difficulty concentrating, thinking, completing routine activities, and navigating in their environment. Behavioral problems are also common including depression, hallucinations and delusions. PD results from a decreased production of 42 editor@iaeme.com

2 Scientometric Analysis On Parkinson s Disease Research Trends In Asia During a chemical in the brain called dopamine. This shortage of dopamine is the result of nerve cells, called neurons, in parts of the brain gradually deteriorating. The part of the brain that is most affected is located deep within the brain stem and is known as the substantia nigra. Other brain chemicals such as serotonin and acetylcholine also are reduced as a result of the PD neurodegenerative process and symptoms such as depression and dementia may respectively emerge as a result. Dopamine is responsible for sending out messages from the substantia nigra to other parts of the brain to control movement of the body and coordination. When there is not enough dopamine being produced and the majority of dopamine-producing cells have deteriorated, motor symptoms of PD will develop. Low levels of serotonin can cause mood symptoms such as feeling sad and having less motivation to do things. Low levels of acetylcholine in PD produces inattention, profound fluctuations in alertness, and visual hallucinations, i.e., dementia symptoms. Scientometrics is the study of measuring and analyzing science, technology and innovation. Major research issues include the measurement of impact, reference sets of articles to investigate the impact of journals and institutes, understanding of scientific citations, mapping scientific fields and the production of indicators for use in policy and management contexts. In practice there is a significant overlap between Scientometric and other scientific fields such as Bibliometrics, information systems, information science and science of science policy. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Dutt et al. (2010) analysed 2566 papers published on dengue during 1987 to 2008 and indexed by SCI indicate a gradual rise in the quantum of output. About 80% of the papers appeared in journals originating from USA, the UK, the Netherlands, France and Germany. Total output came from 74 countries of which 17 countries contributed 87% of the total output. Among the prolific institutions, the publication output of institutions from the US and Taiwan had higher impact. Of all the papers published 17% did not get any citations. Incidence of High Quality Papers, Citations per Paper (CPP) and Relative Quality Index (RQI) were more than average for USA. The proportion of co-authored papers increased significantly in the year 2008 as compared to Similarly Bhardwaj (2014) evaluated dengue research output at global level explores the status of global output in this important health issue. Results show a significant increase of dengue publications over time; tropical medicine and virology as the most frequent research areas and biochemistry and molecular biology as the most central area in the network; USA and Brazil as the most productive countries. Gupta et al., (2013) evaluated dementia research output from India during based on the the data retrieved from SCOPUS Citation Database. Results show that India ranks 16th among the top 20 most productive countries in dementia research with a global publication share of 1.24% and an annual average publication growth rate of 25.58% during Its global publication share has gradually increased during the period under study. Gupta et al., (2013) analysed the global publications output in cataract research during on several parameters including contribution & citation impact of top 15 most productive countries, different types of cataract research, research output by different population age groups, subject-wise break-up of research output, relatedness of various diseases to cataract research, research contribution and impact of top 15 institutions and authors and productivity of the top 20 journals. Mohan and Bala (2013) analysed the Indian publications output in glaucoma research during Results showed that the Indian publications output in glaucoma research had gradually increased during with an annual average growth rate of %. ACPP registered by Indian publications in glaucoma research was 3.03 during The 43 editor@iaeme.com

3 U. Nagalingam international collaborative share of India in overall glaucoma research was % during , which increased from % during to % during Husain and Muzamil (2011) explored the publishing pattern of ecology literature during Results revealed that multiple authored contributions are gradually increasing after the year 1984 which is evidenced by the collaboration rate of authors in every decade. Thanuskodi (2011) presented a bibliometric analysis of the journal titled Library Herald for the period between 2006 and The result showed that out of 138 articles single author contributed 72 (52.17%) articles while the rest 66 (47.83%) articles were contributed by joint authors. Study further reveals that most of the contributions are from India with % and the rest % only from foreign sources. Surulinathi et al (2013) analyzed the growth and development of Green Computing publication output during The results show Germany has produced 270 (16.24 %) articles and it occupies the first place of European continent. North American countries contributed their output 1317 in total where the USA (33.36%) stands in the highest position among them all. Gupta and Bala (2013) analysed the research output of India in Parkinson's disease (PD) during Results shows that among the top 20 most productive countries in PD, India ranks 16 th with a global publication share of 1.47% and an annual average publication growth rate of 26.05% during Its citation impact per paper was 5.77 during , which decreased from 8.40 during to 4.64 during Its international collaborative publications share was 26.18% during , which marginally increased from 26.17% during to 26.18% during Patra and Bhattacharya (2003) examined oncology research in India. The data for the study has been downloaded from national centre for Biotechnology (NCBI) Pub Med. The study analyses literature growth trends. It also examines research activities in different countries worldwide. Bradford law of scattering was employed to identify the core journal, which published Indian cancer research literature. Lotka s law was employed to study the authors productivity pattern. The study also identifies the active institutions in India, which published the cancer literature the most. Khosrowjerdi and Bayat (2013) explored the use of scientometric approach to study the Scientometrics domain. The data was extracted from Web of Science (WoS). The results showed that scientometric studies were a part of interdisciplinary studies. Furthermore, the library and information science and computer science had major contribution to this field. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY To study and analyze the overall representation of publications of Parkinson s disease Research. To sketch the year wise allocation of the publications. To depict the subject wise production of publications. To identify the document types of the publications. To find out authorship pattern of the publications. To find out the most prolific authors of the publications. To find the relative growth rate and doubling time for publications. To identify the preferences of source titles for communication of these publications. To trace out the geographic distribution of publications editor@iaeme.com

4 Scientometric Analysis On Parkinson s Disease Research Trends In Asia During METHODOLOGY Scientometric analysis of publications by Parkinson s disease research published during last 8 years ( ) was done which formed the basic data for this study. The data was collected by searching the online database Scopus 1. The world largest abstract and citation database of peer reviewed literature encompassing almost all subjects of science and technology. Scopus indexes documents of different source types like journals, conference proceedings, book series, trade publications etc., were included the study. The analysis data was done to figure out first top results of prolific authors, subjects and source titles which are considered for publication. The data thus obtained were analyzed and interpreted as distribution of publication individual institutes, subject wise distribution, document type, year wise, language wise, prolific authors, source title, etc. PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY The study was carried out to analyse the growth and development of research contribution of the field Parkinson s disease and the research publications output as indexed by Scopus database. The aim was to highlight the research output of the Parkinson s disease research, trends in yearly increase and progress of the documents, subject mapping, identifying the medium of publication, and finding the most used document type and most prolific authors in the field in terms of publications count. It will be of enormous use for the scientometricans in general. SCIENTOMETRIC INDICATORS USED Degree of Collaboration The degree of collaboration is defined as the ratio of the number of collaborative research papers to the total number of research papers in the discipline during a certain period of time. The formula suggested by Subramanyam is used in this study. C = Degree of Collaboration N m = Number of Multiple authors Ns = Number of single authors RELATIVE GROWTH RATE The relative growth rate and doubling time model developed by Mahapatra was applied to examine the growth rate of research publications of Parkinson s disease research. The relative growth rate is increased in the number of publications or pages per unit of time. A specified period of interval can be calculated from the following equations editor@iaeme.com

5 U. Nagalingam Doubling Time From the calculation, it is found that there is a direct equivalence existing between the relative growth rate and doubling time. If the number of publications/pages of a subject doubles during a given period, then the difference between the logarithm of the numbers at the beginning and at the end of the period must be the logarithms of the number 2. If one uses a natural logarithm, this difference has a value of The corresponding doubling time for publications and pages can be calculated by using the following formula: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Year wise distribution of publications Table 1 illustrates the yearly allocation of publications of the Parkinson s disease research. It provides the year wise output of publications. It found that the most product year in the terms of publications count is 2383 (16.94%) with the highest number of publications in the year of The least number of publications was found to be of 2010 with 1201 (8.54%) publications. Table 1 Year-wise distribution of publications S. No Year Number of Publications % of editor@iaeme.com

6 Scientometric Analysis On Parkinson s Disease Research Trends In Asia During Document type distributions Table 2 demonstrates the distribution of publications in terms of document types. The articles were found the most used document type Article with (73.83%) documents, Review with 1973 (14.03%), Conference paper with 528 (3.75%), Letter with 385 (2.74%), Book chapter with 351 (2.50%), and so on. The least used document type was retracted with only 3 (0.02%) documents. Table 2 Document type distributions S. No Types of Documents No of Documents % of Article Review Conference Paper Letter Book Chapter Editorial Note Short Survey Erratum Book Article in Press Retracted Year wise Authorship pattern and their percentage Table 3 indicates the year wise authorship pattern in the source topic. It is observed out of authors 1201 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 1338 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 1476 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 1696 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 1767 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 1987 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 2216 authors contributed for the year Totally 2383 authors contributed during the years It is observed from the table more authors contributed 2383 (16.94%) in the year of Table 3 Year wise Authorship pattern and their percentage S. No Year Single Author Two Authors Three Authors More than Three authors Total Percentage Total editor@iaeme.com

7 U. Nagalingam Ranking of authorship pattern Table 4 shows that ranking of the authorship pattern. It is observed from the table that single authored 681(4.84%) papers occupied the 4 th rank. Two authored paper 1496 (10.64%) comes in 3 rd rank. Three authored paper 1659 (11.80 %) occupied in 3 rd rank. More than three authored papers (72.72%) occupied the 1 st rank of in this study. Table 4 Ranking of authorship pattern S. No Rank Authorship Pattern No of Contributio ns Percentage of Contribution Cumulative Contribution % of Cumulative Contribution 1 4 Single Author Two Authors Three Authors More than Three Authors Year wise Single author VS Multi author contributions Table 5 Shows that Single author and multi author contribution in the source topic. It is found that 681 papers are published by single author and papers are published by multi author during the study period Table 5 Year wise Single author VS Multi author contribution S.No Year Single Author Multi Authors Total Degree of collaboration Table 6 Shows that degree of collaboration in the source topic. Among the ten years of the study period the highest degree of collaboration occurred in the year of Table 6 Degree of collaboration S.No Year Degree of Collaboration editor@iaeme.com

8 Scientometric Analysis On Parkinson s Disease Research Trends In Asia During Relative growth rate and doubling time for publications A study of data in table - 7 indicates the relative growth rate and doubling time for publications of Parkinson s disease research. It is clear that relative growth rate of total research output decreased gradually. The growth rate is 0.75 in 2011 which decreased up to 0.19 in The mean relative growth rate for the periods was The whole study period resulted in the mean doubling time for total output is years. Table-7: Relative growth rate and doubling time for publications Year R.O Cumulative O/P W1 W2 R(a) W2-W1 Mean R (a) (1-2) Doublin g time Dt(a) Mean Dt(a) (1-2) Subject wise distribution of publications Table 8 depicts the analysis of the data, subject wise distribution of publications retrieved for the years considered for the study. There were 7277 (51.74%) publications in medical science subject occupying the highest position. Followed by Neuroscience with 5305 (37.72%), Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology with 4210 (29.93%) and Pharmacology, Toxicology with 2074 (14.75%) publications and so on. The weakest subject area found to Economics, Econometrics and Finance with only 3 (0.02%) publications. Table 8 Subject wise distribution of publications S. No Subject wise distributions No of publications % of Medicine Neuroscience Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Pharmacology, Toxicology anpharmaceutics Engineering Agricultural and Biological Sciences Chemistry Computer Science Immunology and Microbiology Chemical Engineering Nursing Multidisciplinary Health Professions Psychology Materials Science editor@iaeme.com

9 U. Nagalingam S. No Subject wise distributions No of publications % of Physics and Astronomy Mathematics Environmental Science Social Sciences Arts and Humanities Veterinary Dentistry Energy Decision Sciences Earth and Planetary Sciences Business, Management and Accounting Economics, Econometrics and Finance Top 25 source titles in terms of number of productivity Table 9 shows source titles with their total number of publications. The list shows the source titles up to 25 ranks which established in this analysis. It is found that the Parkinsonism And Related Disorders gets the maximum number documents to be published with 411 (2.92%) titles in its share followed by PLoS One with 365 (2.60%) tiles and Neuroscience Letters with 258 (1.83%) and so on. Table 9 top 25 source titles in terms of number of productivity S.No Source titles wise distributions No of Productivity % of Parkinsonism And Related Disorders Plos One Neuroscience Letters Movement Disorders Journal Of The Neurological Sciences Scientific Reports Brain Research Molecular Neurobiology Neural Regeneration Research Neurological Sciences Parkinson S Disease Neurobiology Of Aging Biochemical And Biophysical Research Communications 14 Clinical Neurology Neuroscience Neurochemical Research Journal Of Neural Transmission CNS And Neurological Disorders Drug Targets Neurochemistry International Journal Of Neurology Chinese Journal Of Neurology Chinese Journal Of Contemporary Neurology And Neurosurgery 23 Journal Of Neurochemistry Neurology Journal Of Molecular Neuroscience editor@iaeme.com

10 Scientometric Analysis On Parkinson s Disease Research Trends In Asia During Top 25 prolific authors in terms of productivity count; Table 10 represents the list of top 25 prolific authors in terms of productivity count and their affiliations thereof. The list is ranked the list is ranked in the order of decreasing productivity. It is found that author Hattori, N. first rank followed by Tan, E.K. second rank in the list. The Giladi, N. ranked third position among the productivity. Table 10 Top 25 prolific authors in terms of productivity count S.No Prolific authors No of Productivity % of Hattori, N Tan, E.K Giladi, N Jeon, B.S Chan, P Hausdorff, J.M Lee, P.H Mirelman, A Chen, S.D Kim, H.J Sohn, Y.H Bhidayasiri, R Chung, S.J Liu, C.F Gurevich, T Sakakibara, R Au, W.L Kim, J.S Koh, S.B Song, W Tsuboi, Y Kamal, M.A Lee, J.Y Shang, H.F Takahashi, R Top 25 Geographic distribution of productivity Table 11 shows geographic distribution of the top 25 countries. The list shows china leads the table with 4942 (35.14%) publications, followed by Japan with 2861 (20.34%), United States with 2115 (15.04%) publications and occupied third position. The minimum number of publication was collaborated with Uruguay with only 1(0.01%) publications. Table 11 Top 25 geographic distribution of productivity S. No Geographic distributions No of Productivity % of China Japan United States South Korea India Israel Turkey Iran United Kingdom Singapore Germany editor@iaeme.com

11 U. Nagalingam S. No Geographic distributions No of Productivity % of Canada Italy Australia France Saudi Arabia Malaysia Thailand Sweden Netherlands Spain Hong Kong Switzerland Pakistan Austria CONCLUSION Observing the complete scenario of Parkinson s disease research publications in years covered under this study. It found that the most product year in the terms of publications count is 2383 (16.94%) with the highest number of publications in the year of The least number publications are found to be of 2010 with 1201 (8.54%) publications. The articles were found the most used document type Article with (73.83%) documents, Review with 1973 (14.03%), Conference paper with 528 (3.75%), Letter with 385 (2.74%), Book chapter with 351 (2.50%), and so on. The least used document type was retracted with only 3 (0.02%) documents. It is observed out of authors 1201 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 1338 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 1476 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 1696 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 1767 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 1987 authors contributed for paper publishing in the year Totally 2216 authors contributed for the year Totally 2383 authors contributed during the years It is observed from the table more authors contributed 2383 (16.94%) in the year of It is observed from the table that single authored 681(4.84%) papers occupied the 4 th rank. Two authored paper 1496 (10.64%) comes in 3 rd rank. Three authored paper 1659 (11.80 %) occupied in 3 rd rank. More than three authored papers (72.72%) occupied the 1 st rank of in this study. It is found that 681 papers are published by single author and papers are published by multi author during the study period. Among the ten years of the study period the highest degree of collaboration occurred in the year of The growth rate is 0.75 in 2011 which decreased up to 0.19 in The mean relative growth rate for the periods was The whole study period resulted in the mean doubling time for total output is years. There were 7277 (51.74%) publications in medical science subject occupying the highest position. Followed by Neuroscience with 5305 (37.72%), Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology with 4210 (29.93%) and Pharmacology, Toxicology with 2074 (14.75%) publications and so on. The weakest subject area found to Economics, Econometrics and Finance with only 3 (0.02%) publications. It is found that the Parkinsonism And Related Disorders gets the maximum number documents to be published with 411 (2.92%) titles in its share followed by Plos One with 365 (2.60%) tiles and Neuroscience Letters with 258 (1.83%) and so on.. It is found that author Hattori, N.first rank followed by Tan, E.K. second rank in the list. The Giladi, N. ranked third position among the productivity. The list shows china leads the table with 4942 (35.14%) publications, followed by Japan with 2861 (20.34%), United States with editor@iaeme.com

12 Scientometric Analysis On Parkinson s Disease Research Trends In Asia During (15.04%) publications and occupied third position. The minimum number of publication was collaborated with Uruguay with only 1(0.01%) publications. These studies can help researchers to comprehend the magnitude of Parkinson s disease research in India and establish future research directions. REFERENCES [1] Bhardwaj, R. K. (2014). Dengue Research: A Scientometric Mapping of World Publications. SRELS Journal of Information Management, 51(2), [2] Dutt, B., Kumar, S., & Garg, K. C. (2010). Scientometric profile of global dengue research. Collnet Journal of Scientometrics and Information Management, 4(1), [3] Gupta, B. M., & Bala, A. (2013). Parkinson's disease in India: an analysis of publications output during International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases, 3(3), 254. [4] Gupta, B. M., Bala, A., & Kshitig, A. (2013). World Cataract Research: A Scientometric Analysis of Publications Output during Library Philosophy and Practice, [5] Gupta, B. M., Kaur, H., & Kshitig, A. (2013). Dementia research in India: A scientometric analysis of research output during Annals of Library and Information Studies (ALIS), 59(4), [6] Husian, S., & Muzamil, M. (2011). Scientometric study of Indian central universities: A picture from Scopus. Journal of Indian Library Association, 47(3-4), [7] Khosrowjerdi, M., & Bayat, M. K. (2013). Mapping the interdisciplinarity in scientometric studies. Iranian journal of Information Processing & Management, 28(2), [8] Mohan, B., & Bala, A. (2013). Glaucoma Research: A Scientometric Study of Indian Publications Output, DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 34(1), [9] Patra, S. K., & Bhattacharya, P. (2003). Bibliometric study of cancer research in India. DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, 25(2), [10] Scopus (2017) About Scopus. Retrieved from [11] Surulinathi, M., Balasubramani, R., & Kalisdha, A. (2013). Continent wise Analysis of Green Computing Research: a scientometric study. Journal of Advances in Library and Information Science, 2(1), [12] Thanuskodi, S. (2011). Library Herald Journal: a bibliometric study. Researchers World, 2(4), editor@iaeme.com