Neighbourhood Influences on Health and Well-being in Metro Vancouver UBC SPPH Occupational & Environmental Health Seminar 8 th April 2016

Transcription

1 Neighbourhood Influences on Health and Well-being in Metro Vancouver UBC SPPH Occupational & Environmental Health Seminar 8 th April 2016 Jat Sandhu MPH MSc PhD Principal Investigator, My Health My Community Regional Director, Public Health Surveillance Unit, Vancouver Coastal Health Clinical Associate Professor, School of Population and Public Health, UBC

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3 1. Socio-demographic 2. Health status 3. Lifestyle 4. Health care access 5. Built environment 6. Community resiliency SURVEY Questions

4 Data collection Online survey 18 years + Media and social media promotions Community partnerships Outreach Incentives

5 Ensuring a representative sample 2% population target overall (n=43,000) Purposeful sampling Monitoring of progress Outreach Post-collection weighting age, sex, education and geography

6 77% Overall 99% VCH (n=17,795) 62% FH (n=15,542)

7 Community Profiles covering 30 municipalities across Metro Vancouver, Fraser Valley and Coastal Rural

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12 Metro Vancouver = 44.1%

13 Top 10 areas in Metro Vancouver for Physically Active 150+mins/week (%) VCH = 46.4% Coastal Rural = 57.3% Metro Vancouver = 44.1% Fraser Valley = 45.4% FH = 43.3% Bottom 10 areas in Metro Vancouver for Physically Active 150+mins/week (%)

14 Metro Vancouver = 48.5%

15 Self-reported general health Self-reported general health across education groups for three regions My Health My Community Survey Less than high school graduation High school graduation Certificate/diploma below bachelors level University degree Metro Vancouver Fraser Valley Coastal Rural Source: My Health My Community Survey. Data as of August 14, Prepared by: Vancouver Coastal Health, Public Health Surveillance Unit, June 2015.

16 Metro Vancouver = 31.7% suppressed

17 Proportion of survey respondents (%) Health Status stratified by Household Income My Health My Community <$40K >$120K General health Mental health Obesity 1+ chronic conditions Source: My Health My Community Survey. Data as of August 14, Prepared by: Vancouver Coastal Health, Public Health Surveillance Unit, April 2016.

18 Proportion of survey respondents (%) 80.0 Lifestyle Behaviours stratified by Education Level My Health My Community Less than HS Univ. Degree Physical activity Screen time 5+ fruit and veg Sugary beverages (3+/wk) Source: My Health My Community Survey. Data as of August 14, Prepared by: Vancouver Coastal Health, Public Health Surveillance Unit, April 2016.

19 Proportion of survey respondents (%) 40.0 Lifestyle Behaviours stratified by Born in Canada My Health My Community Not born in Canada Born in Canada Smoking Binge drinking Fast food (2+ times/week) Sleep (< 6 hrs/day) Source: My Health My Community Survey. Data as of August 14, Prepared by: Vancouver Coastal Health, Public Health Surveillance Unit, April 2016.

20 Proportion of survey respondents (%) Built Environment stratified by Household Income My Health My Community <$40K >$120K Amenities w/in walking/cycling distance Large selection fruit & veg Traffic in area makes walking difficult Feel safe walking after dark Source: My Health My Community Survey. Data as of August 14, Prepared by: Vancouver Coastal Health, Public Health Surveillance Unit, April 2016.

21 Metro Vancouver = 84.0%

22 Transportation and Health Report

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27 WalkScore data from Redfin Real Estate (redfin.com)

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29 Neighbourhood Perception 8 Questions based on 2011 CCHS Module on Neighbourhood Environments: 1. There are special lanes, separate paths or trails, shared use paths for cyclists and pedestrians in or near my neighbourhood 2. There are sidewalks in my neighbourhood that are well maintained (paved, with few cracks) and not obstructed 3. Many shops, restaurants, services and facilities are within easy walking or cycling distance of my home 4. A large selection of fruits and vegetables is available in my neighbourhood 5. There are many attractive natural sites in my neighbourhood (such as landscaping, views or parks) 6. There is so much traffic along the street I live on that it makes it difficult or unpleasant to walk in my neighbourhood 7. I feel safe walking alone in my neighbourhood after dark 8. I see a lot of people walking and biking in my neighbourhood Participant indicate extent to which they agree or disagree (5 categories) Responses used to calculate a Neighbourhood Perception Index (score 0-32)

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31 Proportion of survey respondents (%) 80.0 Health Status stratified by Neighbourhood Perception Index My Health My Community Low Index High Index General health Mental health Obesity 1+ chronic conditions Source: My Health My Community Survey. Data as of August 14, Prepared by: Vancouver Coastal Health, Public Health Surveillance Unit, April 2016.

32 Proportion of survey respondents (%) 80.0 Lifestyle Behaviours stratified by Neighbourhood Perception Index My Health My Community Low Index High Index Physical activity Screen time 5+ fruit and veg Sugary beverages (3+/wk) Source: My Health My Community Survey. Data as of August 14, Prepared by: Vancouver Coastal Health, Public Health Surveillance Unit, April 2016.

33 Proportion of survey respondents (%) 40.0 Lifestyle Behaviours stratified by Neighbourhood Perception Index My Health My Community Low Index High Index Smoking Binge drinking Fast food (2+ times/week) Sleep (< 6 hrs/day) Source: My Health My Community Survey. Data as of August 14, Prepared by: Vancouver Coastal Health, Public Health Surveillance Unit, April 2016.

34 Proportion of survey respondents (%) 80.0 Built Environment stratified by Neighbourhood Perception Index My Health My Community Low Index High Index Commute by car Commute by public transit Commute by active transportation One way commute (30+ min) Exposure to 2nd hand smoke in public places Source: My Health My Community Survey. Data as of August 14, Prepared by: Vancouver Coastal Health, Public Health Surveillance Unit, April 2016.

35 Proportion of survey respondents (%) 120 Community Resiliency stratified by Neighbourhood Perception Index My Health My Community Low Index High Index Strong sense of community belonging 4+ people to confide in or turn to help Food secure (enough to eat) Emergency supplies for 3+ days Source: My Health My Community Survey. Data as of August 14, Prepared by: Vancouver Coastal Health, Public Health Surveillance Unit, April 2016.

36 Summary Large, granular data source to examine how place affects health and well-being Informs planning decisions and policy development for community programs and services that are more relevant to local health and wellness needs Land use, transportation, housing, food environments, green space are important determinants of lifestyle, social capital, physical health and mental health outcomes Further work to incorporate other data sources (health and non-health)

37 Project Team (since 2013) Andi Cuddington*, VCH Belinda Boyd, VCH Chae-Lyn Dopke, VCH/UBC Chris Richardson, UBC Christina Fung, FHA Claire Gram, VCH Corey Green, FHA Eleni Kefalas, VCH Elizabeth Stacy, UBC Emily Laflamme*, VCH Evelyn Derus*, UBC Geoff Ramler, FHA Helen Novak Lauscher (CI), UBC Helena Swinkels, FHA Paul Gustafson, UBC James Lu*, VCH Paul Martiquet, VCH Jami Brown, FHA Peter Vlahos, VCH Jat Sandhu (PI), VCH Rahul Chokar, FHA Justyna Berzowska*, UBC Salman Klar, FHA Katherine Tweedie, FHA Sha Xiao, UBC Kendall Ho (CI), UBC Stephanie Bale, FHA Lisa Mu, FHA Sophie Pasche, UBC Lisa Thibault, FHA Tanya Lo, VCH Maritia Gully*, VCH Tiffany Akins*, VCH Michael Lim*, UBC Victoria Lee (CI), FHA Peter Chow, UBC Yumian Hu, VCH PI Principal Investigator CI - Co-Investigator * - Working Group Lead