outbred colonies are stocks inbred colonies are strains 3/22/2012 Mouse strains 2.500

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1 Nomenclature for rodents Stock vs strain outbred colonies are stocks Kai Õkva inbred colonies are strains Outbred nomenclature First three letters reveal place where stock is maintained (Kuo) Followed by colon (:) Last four letters show stock name (WIST) Name is given after three generations of separation Kuo:WIST Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD Outbred nomenclature Nomenclature: Vendor:stock code Kuo:WH (Wistar, Hannover origin) Outbred rat stocks: Wistar, Sprague-Dawley ct_type/outbred_rats Outbred mouse stocks: NMRI, NIH, Swiss ct_type/outbred_mice Laboratory code Laboratory Registration code or Laboratory code code of usually one to four letters (first letter is upper case, followed by three lower case ILAR- Institute of Laboratory Animal Research - Inbred strains International Index of Lab. Animals 1993: Mouse strains ftp://ftp.informatics.jax.org/pub/reports/mgi_strain.rpt Rat strains 500 Guinea pigs 100 Rabbit strains100 Cat strains 15 Dog strains 15 1

2 Inbred rat strains Restock from original source! Rat Resource and Research Centre Inbreeding depression Nomenclature Figure 1. Inbred strains are developed by continual sib mating, which forces homozygosity and a subsequent loss of genetic variability within the developing strain. This also leads to the homozygosity of detrimental alleles, which can result in inbreeding depression and the extinction of most lines. After 20 inbred generations, any surviving line is theoretically 98.7% homozygous at all loci and is regarded as an inbred strain. utorial.html C57BL/6 20 or more BS mating sister brother C57Bl C57Bl - parent strain destingnation / (forward slash) separates substrain 6 line number substrain designation C57BL/6 C57BL/10 C57BL/6 6 laboratory code for The ackson Laboratory Inbred mice and rats in order of PubMed search results 2

3 129 A AK B B6 B10 BR 129 strains (may include subtype, e.g., 129S6 for strain 129S6/SvEvTac) C BALB/c strains A strains C3 C3H strains AKR strains CB CBA D1 DBA/1 strains C57BL D2 DBA/2 strains C57BL/6 strains HR HRS/ C57BL/10 strains L C57L/ R3 RIIIS/ C57BR/CD SL SW 129 F1 Hybrids These are the first-generation cross between two inbred strains and are isogenic; They have many of the more useful properties of the parental inbred strains. Mating two F1 hybrid animals together yields an F2 hybrid a genetically segregating generation. F2 hybrids are widely used for genetic mapping studies, but are of less value as general research animals F1 hybrids live longer have fewer of the idiosyncrasies of the parental strains are less sensitive to adverse environmental conditions than inbred strains F1 hybrids C57BL/6 B6129SF1/ 129S1/Svlm B6129SF1/ C57BL/6 female progenitor 129S1/Svlm male progenitor F1 first generation laboratory code for The ackson Laboratory Coisogenic and Congenic Coisogenic strain: strain that differs from an established inbred strain by a mutation at only one locus. Congenic strain: strain created by backcrossing to an inbred parental strain for 10 or more generations while maintaining heterozygosity at a selected locus. Making congenic strains Backcrossing: selective breeding to introgress a chromosomal region onto a genetic backround different from the original population Donor strain: strain that provides rhe transgene/knockout/chromosomal segment (starting backround) Recipent strain: the strain that provides the backround genome (desired backround) 3

4 C57BL/6 Congenic strain B6;129P2-Apoa1 tmunc B6.129P2-Apoa1 tmunc / C57BL/6 recipient strain B6;129P2-Apoa1 tmunc donor strain ;(semicolon) indicates the mixture of C57BL/6 and 129P2(from ES cell line). Backcrossed to C57BL/6 less then 5 times. (period) colony backcrossed to C57BL/6 at least 5 times laboratory code for The ackson Laboratory Backcrossing Two congenics Speed Congenics Banbury Conference on genetic background in mice. Silva, Alcino. Neuron Volume 19, Issue 4, October 1997 A COMMUNICATION, NO. 6 Recombinant Inbred (RI) produced by crossing two standard inbred strains C57BL/6 and DBA/2 to produce an F1 hybrid followed by brother sister matings of the F1s for at least 20 generations while maintaining several separate lines Recombinant Congenic (RC) Sets of RC strains are developed in a very similar way to the development of RI strains, except that instead of inbreeding from the F2 hybrids, a few (generally about three) generations of backcrossing to one of the parental strains is done first, followed by sib mating of several independent lines for the equivalent of 20 generations 4

5 Recombinant inbred strain RC strains are a valuable resource for analyzing complex traits. The relatively small proportion of the donor genome serves as a unique tool in the genetic dissection of a complex trait. C BALB/c B C57BL/6 BALB/c female progenitor C57BL/6 male progenitor CB1 CB2 CB3 1 multiple RI strains derived from the same strain progenitors are given serial number Available GM-strains ackson Laboratory, Harlan Laboratories, Taconic, Sigma- Aldrich search_models_by_product_type/mutant_rats com/wmspage cfm?parm1=898 Production of GM-strains: -/-, -/+, +/+ Homozygous Both parents have that modified gene Heterozygous Only one parent has that t modified gene Only part of the offspring has that modified gene Gene analysed from tissue sample Wild type No modified gene Knock-out strain +/ +/ +/+ +/ / 1 : 2 : 1 ABC 2011 Uimari/Mering ABC 2011 Uimari/Mering Thanks! 5