Health of Young People Related to Social Factors in the German Federal State of Brandenburg

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1 Health of Young People Related to Social Factors in the German Federal State of Brandenburg Dr. Gabriele Ellsäßer Brandenburger Public Health Institute 13 th Congress of European Union For School and University Health and Medicine,, 12 th 15 th October 2005

2 Social context of children in Brandenburg (2004) Population 2,575,000 Percentage of children (<15 years) 11.5 % Population density 87 inh. per km 2 Unemployment rate 20.6 % (Feb/05) Children (<15 years) dependent on well fare 8.0 % Berlin s wealth belt 221 inh. per km² Children < 15 years 12.6 % Unemployment rate 16.2 % Suburban development area 64 inh. per km² Children < 15 years 10.9 % Unemployment rate 25.4 %

3 Social status of families with beginners in the Federal State of Brandenburg 2004: percentage with low social status Public Health Office of Brandenburg (Dec. 42) Reporting on Social and Health Matters Source of data: Brandenburg Public Health Office 2004 District boundaries as per 31/12/2004

4 Demographic trend - young people (16-24 years) in 2000: 330,000 young people in 2015: 172,000 young people

5 Decrease in the number of young people Reasons: Since German reunification, there has been a sharp decline in births Increasing migration, especially of young women, since ,000 births Live births in the German Federal State of Brandenburg Source: Brandenburg Statistical Office

6 Every second young person contemplates leaving the country because of the high unemployment rate (German Youth Institute survey conducted in 1998)

7 74% of 12- to 19-year-olds have a mobile phone.

8 Health of young people related to 10th grade pupil`s medical examination and a survey about drug unse

9 Daily smoking among young people (HBSC Study 2001/2002) Germany Source: WHO (2004). Young people s health in context. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study: international report from the 2001/2002 survey. WHO, Copenhagen.

10 Alcohol consumption among young people (more( than once a week) (HBSC Study 2001/2002) Germany Source: WHO (2004). Young people s health in context. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study: international report from the 2001/2002 survey. WHO, Copenhagen.

11 10th grade pupils according to type 2003 (N = 30,645) grammar 17% special needs 5% up to 10th grade grammar 18% comprehensive 60% Source: Medical examination of leavers in the Federal State of Brandenburg 2003

12 Relevant medical diagnoses in 10th grade pupils by sex (2003) eye and hearing disorders 32.8% 36.7% allergies 14.8% 13.6% orthopaedic disorder 11.5% 12.0% obesity 6.1% 6.0% female male 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% 35.0% 40.0% Source: Medical examination of leavers in the Federal State of Brandenburg 2003

13 10th grade Brandenburger pupils with obesity*- trend data 7,0% 6,0% 5,0% in % 4,0% 3,0% 2,0% 1,0% boys girls 0,0% * related to Cole et al Source: Medical examination of leavers in the Federal State of Brandenburg 2003

14 16% 14% Obesity among 10th grade Brandenburger pupils according to type 13.6% % 10% 8% 6% 4% 7.9% 7.0% 5.9% 6.0% 5.8% 3.4% 2.7% 2% 0% special needs comprehensive 10th grade grammar special needs comprehensive 10th grade grammar percentage boys girls Source: medical examination of leavers in the Federal State of Brandenburg 2003

15 Atopic diseases among Brandenburger young people - trend % 12% 10% 8% 9.7% 10.7% 11.0% 11.6% 12.1% 6% 4% 2% 0% 1999 (N=26,381) 2000 (N=32,735) 2001 (N=33,456) 2002 (N=33,356) 2003 (N=31,311) Source:medical examination of leavers in the Federal State of Brandenburg 2003

16 Atopic diseases among 10th grade pupils according to type Brandenburg % 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% allergic rhinitis neurodermatitis bronchial asthma 1% 0% grammar special needs Landesgesundheitsamt Brandenburg

17 Drug use among Brandenburger young people (N=6,762)

18 Drug use among Brandenburger young people (N=6,762) percentage daily smoking alcohol (at least once a week) cannabis (at least once a week) 3.5

19 Daily smoking and daily/weekly alcohol consumption according to type (N=6,762) Young people daily smoking according to type Young people drinking alcohol daily or weekly according to type grammar 19.6 grammar 36.4 special needs 42.8 special needs % %

20 Young people s wish to stop smoking and drinking alcohol Young people's wish to stop smoking (daily smokers) Young people's wish to stop drinking alcohol (daily/once a week) 100% 80% great 100% 80% % 40% medium 60% 40% % 0% 37.4 boys (n=1,501) 34.5 girls (n=1,728) no wish 20% 0% boys (n=1,533) girls (n=861)

21 Results Sample census data

22 in % 12% 11% 10% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 0% Percentage of young people (15-21 years) in Brandenburg ill or injured in the last four weeks in relation to level of education 10.5% 5.4% 4.5% low medium high Education level average: 6.3% Source: Sample census 2003; LGA-own calculations

23 Census sample: young people who currently smoke in relation to level of education in % 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 68% 53% 55% 46% low middle high total Education level Source: Sample census 2003; LGA-own calculations, Brandenburger young people who smoke each day or sometimes (N = 410)

24 Conclusion Youth is not a carefree time of life. This is true of both the social and health situation of young people. The socially disadvantaged are frequently in poorer health.