International Journal of Research in Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics. Cervical lymph Node Enlargement

Transcription

1 International Journal of Research in Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics ISSN Print: ISSN Online: IJRPP Vol 3 Issue 1 Jan-Mar-2014 Journal Home page: Research article Open Access Cervical lymph Node Enlargement N.Junior Sundresh* 1, S.Narendran 2. 1 Reader in surgery, Department of surgery, RMMCH, Annamalai university, Chidambaram, T.N., India. 2 Emerutus Prof. of surgery, Department of surgery, RMMCH, Annamalai university, Chidambaram, T.N., India. * Corresponding author: N.JuniorSundresh, id: juniorsundresh@yahoo.com ABSTRACT Cervical lymph nodes are enlarged in almost all neck and head pathologies. Tuberculosis was the major cause for cervical lymphadenopathy. Pathological examination was also mandatory. Lymph node enlargement is seen in almost all disease and may be due localized pathology or a part of generalized disease. The cervical lymph nodes is more common and may be due to a head and neck disease or a manifestation from a distant organ because of this, clinical investigations like biopsy and details about the lymphatic drainage of the area are the main perquisites for a correct diagnosis. Key Words: Cervical lymph nodes, cervical lymphadenitis, cervical lymphadenopathy. INTRODUCTION Lymph node enlargement is seen in almost all disease and may be due localized pathology or a part of generalized disease. 1-6 The cervical lymph nodes is more common and may be due to a head and neck disease or a manifestation from a distant organ because of this, clinical investigations like biopsy and details about the lymphatic drainage of the area are the main perquisites for a correct diagnosis MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted during august 2011 July 2013 in 70 patients with cervical lymph node enlargement are selected. The patients with age 13 and above, cervical lymphadenitis patients who were not responding to antibiotic treatment were induced in the study. the patients with any one or combination of following symptoms swelling in the neck, pain, pyrexia, sinus with discharge, chronic cough, generalized weakness, headed scar, dyspnoea, dysphasia, loss of weight appetite and any other swelling are included general clinical examination was also made OBSERVATION AND RESULTS The study is based on 70 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy. Cervical lymphadenopathy most commonly occurred below 40 years and tuberculosis ~ 60~

2 is the most common cause of cervical lymphadenitis. Tuberculosis affect more commonly the females in the study. It is found that Tuberculosis cervical lymphadenitis is commonly affects the younger and middle age group. Hodgkins disease cervical lymphadentis affect more commonly the females. Non-hodgbin s lymphoma affect more commonly the male secondaries affect more commonly the male and also affect more commonly the middle age group. Upper cervical lymphnode is more commonly involved. Non-specific lymphadenitis affect more commonly the male and affect more commonly the younger age group. Table 1.Sex wise incidence Sex No. of Patients affected % Male % Female % Total No. of cases = 70 Fig 1. Sex wise incidence No. of Patients affected Male Female Table 2. Age wise incidence of cervical lymphadenopathy Age group No. of Patients affected % % % % % 53 and above % ~ 61~

3 Fig 2. Age wise incidence of cervical lymphadenopathy Age wise incidence of cervical lymphadenopathy and above No. of Patients affected Table 3. Disease wise incidence of cervical lymphadopahty Disease No. of Patients affected % Tuberculosis Hodgkin s disease Non-Hodgkin s disease Secondary s Non-specific lymphadentis Fig 3. Disease wise incidence of cervical lymphadopahty 2 Disease wise incidence of cervical lymphadopahty Tuberculosis Hodgkin s disease Non-Hodgkin s disease Secondary s Non-specific lymphadentis 41 ~ 62~

4 Table 4. Sex wise incidence of tuberculosis Sex No. of Patients affected % Male % Female % Total No. of cases = 41 Fig 4. Sex wise incidence of tuberculosis 26 Sex wise incidence of tuberculosis total 15 Male Female Total No. of cases = 41 Table 5. Age wise distribution of tuberculosis Age group No. of Patients affected % % % % % 53 and above % Total No. of cases = 41 ~ 63~

5 Fig 5. Age wise distribution of tuberculosis 15 Age wise distribution of tuberculosis and above Total No. of cases = 41 No. of Patients affected Table 6. Lymph node groups involved in tuberculosis Lymphnode group No. of Patients affected % Submandibular % Upper cervical Middle cervical % Power cervical Posterior cervical Multiple nodes % No. of cases = 41 Fig 6. Lymph node groups involved in tuberculosis Lymphnode group 1 Submandibular 1 27 Upper cervical Middle cervical Power cervical Posterior cervical Multiple nodes ~ 64~

6 Table 7. Sex wise incidence of tuberculosis total Sex No. of Patients affected % Male % Female % No. of cases 3 Fig 7. Sex wise incidence of tuberculosis total Sex wise incidence of tuberculosis total Male Female Table 7.Sex wise incidence in non Hodgkin s lymphoma Sex No. of cases % Male % Female 0 - No. of cases 1 Table 8.Age wise incidence in secondaries Age No. of Patients affected % % % % 53 and above 4 50 % Total No. of cases = 8 ~ 65~

7 Table 9.Sex wise incidence in non-specific lymphadentis Sex No. of cases % Male Female Total No. of cases = 18 Table 9. Age wise incidence in non-specific lymphadentis Age No. of Patients affected % % % % % 53 and above % Total No. of cases = 18 CONCLUSION Out of 70 patients, women were found to he affected more than men and tuberculosis was the commitment cause of cervical lymphadenopathy Tuberculosis was found to be the common causative factor in age group below 22 years and secondary s was common in age group. Also revealed that histopathological examination is mandatory in accurate diagnosis of cervical lymphadenitis. REFERENCE [1] Rothenberg sm, ellisen lw (2012) the molecular pathogenesis of head and necksquamous cell carcinoma. J clin invest 122: [2] Mokhtari s (2012) mechanisms of cyst formation in metastatic lymph nodes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Diagnpathol 7: 6. [3] Hoang jk, vanka j, ludwig bj, glastonbury cm (2013) evaluation of cervical lymph nodes in head and neck cancer with ct and mri: tips, traps, and a systematic approach. Ajr am j roentgenol 200: w [4] Ferlito a, robbins kt, shah jp, medina je, silver ce, et al. (2011) proposal for a rational classification of neck dissections. Head neck 33: [5] Sureshkannan p, vijayprabhu, john r (2011) role of ultrasound in detection of metastatic neck nodes in patients with oral cancer. Indian j dent res 22: [6] Saafan me, elguindy as, abdel aziz mf, abdel-rahmanyounes a, albirmawy oa, et al. (2013) assessment of cervical lymph nodes in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Surgery curr res 3: 145. Doi: / [7] Ackerman. L. V.; surgical pathology, 5th edition, c.v. Mosby and co. 726, [8] Acta cytology, 1992 may. [9] Aroka v.k.and ramesli vakma: india j. Tuberculosis, 38, 79-80,1991. [10] American journal of pathology April. [11] BAJLEYandlove's:shortpracticeof surgery,22 nd kdn,h.k.lewis and co., ltd., [12] Beathnach c.s.: british journal of tuberculosis and disease of chest, 330-4, [13] Bullex andannpollack i anicncanjournalofclinicalpathology, [14] B.m.j.: 1902 jul. 18: 305 (6846) : ~ 66~

8 [15] Cancer immunology and immunotherapy, 1991, 34 (3) [16] Cervicac lymphadenitis:researchcommittoftuberculosis association of india, ind. J. Tub , [17] Charles rob and rodney smith: clinical surgery, 9 ih edn.butterworths, [18] Chaubec.k. Etal: ind. J. Tub. 37, 98-96, [19] Dandapath m.c. Et al: ind. J. Tub. 34, 1 39-, 42, j 987. [20] Das.s. : a manual on clinical surgery. 9 rd edn [21] Dass.: a practical guide to operative surgery.2011 ~ 67~