Food Systems 3.0 Pre-conference Organic World Congress. Sustainable Diets Panel

Transcription

1 Food Systems 3.0 Pre-conference Organic World Congress New Delhi 2017 Sustainable Diets Panel Denis LAIRON, Moderator Emeritus Research Director at INSERM Faculty of medicine, Marseille, France. OFSP Steering Committee and Advisory board

2 Sustainable diet DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABLE DIETS Sustainable Diets are those diets with low environmental impacts which contribute to food and nutrition security and to healthy life for present and future generations. Sustainable diets are protective and respectful of biodiversity and ecosystems, culturally acceptable, accessible, economically fair and affordable; nutritionally adequate, safe and healthy; while optimizing natural and human resources. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM BIODIVERSITY AND SUSTAINABLE DIETS UNITED AGAINST HUNGER 3-5 NOVEMBER 2010, FAO HEADQUARTERS, ROMA and FAO publication, Organic agriculture aims and achievements : a approach!

3 Towards sustainable diets An urgent need to face increasing problems: Food unsecurity, nutrition-related diseases and ecological damages -sustainable food production sustainable food consumption sustainable food quality

4 Sustainable Diets Panel Key questions - How to reconcile modern nutrition science with traditional/historical dietary habits? : main speakers Denis Lairon (Mediterranan diet, organic diet), Susanne Gjedsted-Bügel (new Nordic diet), Frank Eyhorn (Nutrition in Mountain Agro-ecosystems project, 5 countries) - In what ways could/should current and traditional diets be improved? : main speakers Denis Lairon (Mediterranan diet, organic diet), Susanne Gjedsted- Bügel (new Nordic diet), Frank Eyhorn (Nutrition in Mountain Agro-ecosystems project, 5 countries), C. Strassner (diets outside home, catering) - Nutrient density and nutrient diversity : main speakers Dominika Srednicka-Tober (organic food quality), David Wahyudi missing (organic rice processing) - Goals/Improvements for processed food?: main speaker Carola Strassner (diets outside home, catering), David Wahyudi missing (organic rice processing),

5 Mediterranan diet & organic diet : towards diet sustainability Denis LAIRON PhD biochemistry, nutritionist Emeritus Research Director at INSERM Faculty of medicine, Marseille, France.

6 Mediterranean diet : a (traditional) plant-based dietary pattern, reducing environmental impact (m 2 /kg-l) /70 14/21 15/ /9 7/17

7 Mediterranean diet and health status From hundreds of clinical studies and epidemiological surveys Adherence to Mediterranean diet is associated to reduced : Mortality, Overweight and obesity, visceral obesity Metabolic syndrome and type 2 Diabetes a healthy pattern! Cancers Cardiovascular events or mortality, Degenerative diseases and some

8 Organic diet Data from the NutriNet-Santé study a Web-based prospective cohort study in FRANCE ( subjects in the cohort) Dietary intakes (n= ) : - Intakes of all foods of plant origin increased with the contribution of organic foods to the diet while a reverse trend was identified for meat and dairy products, cookies and soda. -> Organic consumers have a plant-based diet. - The diet quality scores sig. increased with organic food consumption (mpnns-gs/rdi, PANDiet/RDI): Nutrient intakes (n= ) Daily intakes of most important nutrients and fibres are sig. higher with the highest organic food consumption -> Organic consumers have a better/healthier diet.

9 Organic diet and obesity (n= or ) A high consumption of organic foods is sig. associated with a marked reduction (- 36 to - 62 %) of overweight and obesity in females & males (after adjustments on confounders). (Kesse-Guyot E,, & Lairon D; PlosOne, 2013) women, mean age=45y) y n. After a 3.1 y mean follow-up, the highest level of organic food consumption (mean 70 %) reduces overweight by 23 % and obesity by 31 % (both genders) (after adjustments on confounders) (Kesse-Guyot E,, & Lairon D; Br J Nutr, 2017)( Surpoids Obésité Q1- Conv These studies support a strong protective effect of consumption of organic foods on the risk of developing overweight and obesity Q2 Q3 Q4- Bio

10 Organic diet and pathology (n= 8 174) The highest consumption of organic foods (mean 62%) is sig. associated with a marked reduction (- 31 % of risk of metabolic syndrome (freq. 12.1% vs 20.7%) (a CVD risk factor associating obesity,hypertension, and disregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism) in both genders. (Baudry,, Kesse-Guyot; Eur J Nutr 2017) This study supports a strong protective effect of consumption for organic food on the risk of developing cardio-vascular risks

11 Organic diet and Environnement (n= ) Diet impacts at food production GHG Emissions -25 % -23 % % ENERGY Use LAND Use GHGE, kgco2eq/y CED, MJ/y Land occupation, m²/y Q Q Q Q Q Ajustments on age, gender & energy intake

12 Mediterranan diet & organic diet : towards diet sustainability Two traditional (< 1950 s), plant-based, local and seasonal, dietary patterns Intrinsic components of people s culture (traditional and current) Providing more nutrients and fibers, & better fitting dietary recommendations With demonstrated various health protective effects With reduced energy use and environmental/climatic impacts. Traditional Asian diets? Sustainability