Obesity, Fad Diets, and Eating Disorders

Transcription

1 The New Pyramid Nutrition Curriculum Kit Six Categories of Nutrients Water, Minerals, and Vitamins Food and Life Choices Understanding My Pyramid.gov Obesity, Fad Diets, and Eating Disorders Serving Schools For Over 25 Years Distributed by: The School Company

2 ATTENTION Copies of this product are permitted but may only be used in conjunction with a CDS, Inc. license of this product. Any reproduction of this product, in whole or in part, without a license of the CDS, Inc. product is prohibited. Clipart Images/Photos: JupiterImages Corporation; Clipart.com; Photos.com. Adobe Acrobat Reader is a product of Adobe. PowerPoint is product of Microsoft. MyPyramid.gov - the USDA does not endorse any products, services, or organizations. U.S. Department of Agriculture is given credit for MyPyramid symbol, url, slogan, and educational messages. CDS, Inc. MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE RESULTS TO BE ATTAINED FROM THE USE OF THIS PRODUCT OR THIS MANUAL: AND THERE ARE NO EXPRESS OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE. THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES IS NOT PERMITTED BY SOME STATES. THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. THIS WARRANTY PROVIDES YOU WITH SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS. THERE MAY BE OTHER RIGHTS THAT YOU HAVE WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE. CDS, Inc. sole liability, and user s exclusive remedy, for any failure of the product shall be replacement of non-conforming copies with conforming copies. If this exclusive remedy fails, user s sole remedy shall be the termination of the license to use the product and the refunding of the price paid for non-conforming copies, upon the return of all such copies within 30 days of delivery. No remedy beyond replacement of the defective product will be available unless the non-conforming copies are returned to CDS, Inc. within 30 days of delivery to user. In no event will CDS, Inc. be liable for any incidental, indirect, special or consequential damages or lost profits or lost savings suffered by user or any other person or entity, even if CDS, Inc. or its dealers or agents are made aware of the possibility of such damages.

3 Six Categories Of Nutrients Follow along with the presentation and fill in the blanks. What are nutrients? substances that your body needs in order to grow and stay Six categories of nutrients: 1. Carbohydrates Fats Carbohydrates Structure & Function: Carbs are and that the body uses for. are the major source of carbohydrates in the food we eat. Simple Carbohydrates that are quickly digested and provide a boost of for the body Foods with lots of sugar: Complex Carbohydrates together They provide the body with are Foods with lots of starch: that are composed of many sugars linked more slowly than simple sugars energy since they The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 1

4 Six Categories Of Nutrients Protein s Structure & Function: Proteins are made from many connected together in different arrangements. Protein provides the materials your body needs to and itself 9 of the 20 acids are called acids because you must obtain them from the foods you eat since your body cannot make them. Complete proteins: Foods all the essential amino acids Examples: Incomplete proteins: Foods that are some essential amino acids Examples: Notes Your HEALTH The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 2

5 Six Categories Of Nutrients Fat s Function & Structure: source for the body Help and vital organs as well as joints the body Fats belong to a group of organic compounds called which are substances that do dissolve in water. Fatty acids are the building blocks of. Unsaturated Fats: Contain fatty acids that are missing atoms At room temperature, they are typically in form. They are less harmful to the system than fats. Foods with a lot of unsaturated fat:,, and oils Saturated Fats: Contain fatty acids with the amount of atoms At room temperature, they are typically in form. Diets with too much saturated fat have been known to cause. Foods with a lot of saturated fat: beef fat, egg, products What is a calorie? The obtained from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats is measured in units called calories. The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 3

6 Water, Minerals, & Vitamins Water The most important nutrient is. percent of the human body is water. Functions: Assists with the transport of materials in the body by making up most of the liquid part of blood (plasma), helps body temperature, and helps break down in the digestive system Food sources: vegetables,, milk Micronutrients: Minerals and vitamins are called since they are needed by your body in small amounts. The minerals and most of the vitamins your body needs must be obtained from the you eat since your body cannot them. Notes The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 4

7 Water, Minerals, & Vitamins Minerals: Minerals are inorganic substances that are required by your Minerals body in order to develop and grow properly. Some Important Minerals... Function: Helps build strong bones and teeth, regulates blood clotting food sources: Functions & Sources Function: Helps build hemoglobin which is the oxygen-carrying part of your red blood cells food sources: Function: Helps regulate fluid balance in the body, assists with the normal functioning of muscles and nerves food sources: Function: Involved in the metabolism of proteins and carbohydrates, assists with bone growth and proper muscle functioning food sources: Notes The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 5

8 Water, Minerals, & Vitamins Vitamins Group of complex compounds that help your body maintain normal, growth, and development Two groups of vitamins: Water-soluble vitamins: dissolve in water and are not in your body for use Examples: Vitamin C Fights against infection, maintains healthy, strengthens and maintains blood structure Food sources: citrus fruits,, leafy vegetables Vitamin B Complex - Folic Acid Helps prevent defects, needed in he formation of blood cells and nucleic acids Food sources: beets, broccoli, avocado,, bok choy, lentils Fat-soluble vitamins: dissolve into and are transported by fat. They can be stored in tissue, the, and the. Examples: Vitamin A Maintains good, promotes body cell growth, helps protect Food sources: green vegetables, dairy products Vitamin D Promotes the development of healthy and Food sources: eggs, salmon, fortified breakfast cereals (other source: sunlight) The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 6

9 Food & Life Choices Fast Food Choices Fast food consumption should be since it generally includes foods that are high in calories,, and/or. Try to choose portions since larger portion sizes greatly increase the calorie, fat, and sodium content of your meal. Example Option 1 - McDonald s Quarter Pounder with Cheese, large fries, and 16 oz. soda includes 1,166 calories and grams of fat. Option 2 - McDonald s hamburger, small fries, and 16 oz. diet soda includes 481 calories and grams of fat. Some fast food choices are healthier than others so try to choose the healthier options. Healthy Options: 1. grilled chicken Less Healthy Options: 1. chicken nuggets The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 7 005

10 Food & Life Choices Reading Food Labels: To help you make healthy food choices, many foods have a Nutrition Facts label that contains helpful information such as: size per serving fat/ /protein content types and relative amounts of (vitamin c, iron, etc.) Nutrition Facts Serving Size 1/2 cup (114g) Serving Per Container 4 Amount Per Serving Calories 90 Calories from Fat % Daily Value* Total Fat 3g 5% Saturated fat 0g 0% Cholesterol 0g 0% Sodium 300mg 13% Total Carbohydrates 13g 4% Dietary Fiber 3g 12% Sugars 3g Protein 3g Ingredients: Most food product labels will include a list of ingredients that are listed in order from the to the in amount used. What do claims on food labels mean? Made from foods grown without pesticides, man-made fertilizers, or genetic engineering Low in fat and saturated fat, contains no more that 360mg of sodium and cholesterol per serving Contains at least one-third fewer calories or at least 50% less fat or sodium Raw food products that contain no preservatives and have never been frozen, heated, or processed in any way Vitamin A 80% Vitamin C 60% Calcium 4% Iron 4% *Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs. Calories 2,000 2,500 Total Fat Less than 65g 80g Sat Fat Less than 20g 25g Cholesterol Less than 300mg 300mg Sodium Less than 2,400mg 2,400mg Carbo 300g 375g Fiber 25g 30g Protein 50g 65g Calories per gram Fat 9 Carbohydrates 4 Protein 4 INGREDIENTS: Whole Wheat Flour, Water, Bleached Wheat Flour (Enriched with Niacin, Reduced Iron, Thiamine Mononitrate, Riboflavin, Folic Acid), Partially Hydrogenated Soybean and Cottonseed Oils, Salt, Rice Flour and Mono Diglycerides. Your HEALTH The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 8

11 Physical Activity Food & Life Choices Regular exercise, part of the new food pyramid, is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Exercise (physical activity) involves any form of such as walking, jogging, climbing, or playing basketball. Exercise Hints: Include activities you doing Work your way up to at least minutes of physical activity per day Incorporate exercise into your life by including your friends in the activity Listen to music or watch TV while you Benefits of Regular Exercise: Helps relieve and Adds years to your life by lowering your risk of disease, colon cancer,, and high blood pressure Helps you maintain a normal by burning calories which results in a loss of body fat and the muscles in your body Your HEALTH The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 9

12 Understanding MyPyramid.gov Your HEALTH Grain Group Make half your grains whole Eat at least breads crackers oz. of whole grains every day Milk Group Vegetable Group Get your calcium-rich foods Go or when you choose milk, yogurt, and other milk products If you don t or can t consume milk, choose free products or other calcium sources such as fortified foods and beverages Vary your veggies Eat more green veggies like broccoli, spinach, and other dark leafy greens Eat more vegetables like carrots and sweet potatoes Eat more dry and peas like pinto beans, kidney beans, and lentils Meat & Beans Group Go lean on protein Choose or Fruit Group Focus on fruits Eat a of fruits Choose, frozen, canned, or fruit Go easy on fruit and poultry meats Bake it, broil it, or grill it Vary your protein routine -- choose more, beans, peas,, and seeds The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 10

13 Understanding MyPyramid.gov Oil Group Make most of your fat sources from fish, nuts, and vegetable oils. Limit solid fats like, stick margarine, shortening, and lard, as well as foods that contain these. Check the Nutrition Facts label to keep fats, fats, and low. Choose food and beverages low in added. Added sugars contribute calories with few, if any,. Find your balance between food and physical activity Be sure to stay within your daily needs. Be physically active for at least minutes most days of the week. About minutes a day may be needed to prevent weight gain. For sustaining weight loss, at least to minutes a day may be required. Children and teenagers should be physically active for minutes every day, or most days. Notes The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 11

14 Obesity, Fad Diets, & Eating Disorders Obesity Caused by an excess amount of body People are usually considered obese if their weight is or more above their ideal weight. Two main causes of obesity Unhealthy habits Lack of physical Health Risks: 1. lower self-esteem cancer What are fad diets? Diets that promise weight loss and usually require you to eat types of food Examples of fad diets: Fit for Life Diet Description of Diet low carbohydrate diet Metabolife 356 Slim Fast Your HEALTH The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 12

15 Dangers of fad dieting: Obesity, Fad Diets, & Eating Disorders The weight that you lose is usually and/or lean rather than body fat. Some of these diets can be to your health. They sometimes do not include which is important for healthy living. They your food choices and usually keep you from a diet. These diets do not offer term success and you usually back all the weight you lose. Eating Disorders -- Anorexia Nervosa Psychological disorder that involves a person themselves due to an unhealthy fear of becoming obese Warning Signs: Eating extremely amounts of food per day impression of their own body image Obsessed with Harmful effects of anorexia: Damage to the Excessive weight Impairs the immune system Notes Your HEALTH The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 13

16 Obesity, Fad Diets, & Eating Disorders Eating Disorders -- Bulimia Nervosa This disorder involves a person (binging) followed by the use of or to keep from gaining weight People who suffer from this disorder usually have a false sense of their body image, and they are constantly striving to obtain the Harmful effects of bulimia: body. decay (from excessive vomiting) Dehydration Damage to the Notes Your HEALTH The New Pyramid Nutrition Follow Along page 14