Signal Transduction: G-Protein Coupled Receptors
|
|
- Derrick Woods
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Signal Transduction: G-Protein Coupled Receptors Federle, M. (2017). Lectures 4-5: Signal Transduction parts 1&2: nuclear receptors and GPCRs. Lecture presented at PHAR 423 Lecture in UIC College of Pharmacy, Chicago. MOLECULAR SIGNALING In general, signaling involves: o Binding of a ligand to a receptor o Relaying information from the receptor by receptor modification of small molecules in a scaffold cascade Scaffold protein = provides a dock for smaller signaling molecules to form a cascade for the incoming signal o Amplification of this information throughout the cell with the use of various signaling molecules o Integration of this information in some way Activation/repression of gene transcription, protein modifications (phosphorylation, etc.) G PROTEINS Two main molecular switches to activate proteins: o Protein phosphorylation = addition of a phosphate group to the protein o GTP-binding = addition of a phosphate group to dephosphorylated guanine base to form GTP Addition of GTP to a protein GTPase = G protein = GTP binding protein o These terms are interchangeable. They all refer to signaling proteins that bind GTP molecules Two forms of GTPases o Large heterotrimeric G proteins o Small monomeric GTPases G protein regulators o GAPs = GTPase activating proteins These actually turn OFF G proteins. I know SILLY The reason they are called activating proteins is because they activate the ability to hydrolyze the GTP to GDP, essentially inactivating the G protein (GTP is the active form) o GEFs = Guanine nucleotide exchange factors
2 These turn ON G proteins Form GTP from GDP SIGNALING COMPLEXES Signaling complexes provide speed, efficiency, and specificity The benefit of having a protein scaffold with enzymes already assembled is that there is a higher specificity and speed in response to the signal binding to the receptor because enzymes are already in the right place Sometimes the complex does not form until the receptor is actually phosphorylated and activated Phosphoinositide dock = phosphorylation of phospholipids on the membrane creates a docking location for signaling complexes o Now enzymes can come to the membrane and all interact with one another o Docking domains PH = binds the phosphoinositide molecule on the membrane Like the start of the docking protein PTB = phosphotyrosine binding These residues usually found on the activated receptor SH2 = binds phosphotyrosine resides SH3 = binds proline-rich regions Feedback loops in the signaling cascade help to regulate the response o Positive feedback enzyme activity remains even after the signal is gone o Negative feedback can be a short delay or long delay Short delay the signal causes a response and the negative feedback quickly dampens this response Long delay the signal causes a response, which then fluctuates between being dampened and heightened Ways that a receptor can dampen response to a signal Adaptation and Desensitization o Receptor sequestration receptor is taken back into the cell o Receptor down-regulation less of the receptor is being made o Receptor inactivation usually inactivated on the cytosolic side o Inactivation of signaling protein signal can t be passed into the cell o Production of inhibitory protein this protein stops the signal from being transduced
3 G-PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTORS 40% of modern drugs target this receptor These signaling cascades can be very rapid because of amplification of the signal Domains o Extracellular ligand binding domain o Transmembrane 7 alpha helices domain o Intracellular regulatory domain When ligand binds to the extracellular domain, this causes a twist in the transmembrane helices which then activates the receptor When the receptor is activated, the intracellular domain is able to activate G proteins Trimeric G protein o Has 3 domains: alpha, beta, gamma o Alpha contains GDP o Alpha and gamma are always associated with the cell membrane o When ligand binds to receptor, the transmembrane conformational change allows the alpha subunit to dissociate from the beta and gamma subunits This allows phosphorylation of GDP to GTP Subunits are now activated o Essentially, the receptor itself acts as a GEF because it activates the G protein o These subunits can now interact with target proteins and effector proteins Activated alpha subunit: RGS = effector protein that acts exclusively with alpha subunit o Is a GAP because it will hydrolyze the GTP and deactivate the alpha subunit When GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP, alpha subunit will re-associate with gamma/beta subunits and the trimeric protein is now deactivated again Activated beta/gamma subunit: Interacts with target proteins o Various G-protein families Gs = alpha subunit activates adenylyl cyclase and Ca 2+ channels Gi : Alpha subunit inhibits adenylyl cyclase Beta/gamma subunit activated K + channels decrease cell excitability o K + channel acts as effector protein Gq = activates PLCβ
4 SECOND MESSENGERS Adenylyl cyclase = membrane protein that is activated by Gs o Releases camp = secondary messenger PKA = camp-dependent protein kinase o A protein that phosphorylates it s target proteins Specifically the serine and threonine amino acids 2 catalytic subunits function is to activate kinase activity 2 regulatory subunits function is to bind camp and regulate the kinase activity o PKA downstream effects: Transcription regulation CRE binding protein (CREB) will be phosphorylated by PKA and then is translocated to camp response element (CRE) on DNA CREB binding protein (CBP) will be recruited to CREB and activate transcription of the genes on the CRE Can regulate ion channels and GEFs gives positive and negative feedback PLCβ = phospholipid C-β. Activated by Gq o Activated PLCβ goes on to covert PIP2 to IP3 and diacylglycerol o PIP2 = phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate a membrane bound effector protein o IP3 = inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate A water soluble second messenger that releases Ca 2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum and induces Ca 2+ ligand gated channels o Diacylglycerol = a lipid anchored second messenger that activates protein kinase C (PKC) by bringing it up to the cell membrane PKC = A Ca 2+ dependent protein kinase. Phosphorylates serine and threonine amino acids
5 KNOW THESE STRUCTURES (IP3, PIP2, diacylglycerol) Ca 2+ o Concentrations of Ca 2+ Cytosol = 0.1 um Endoplasmic reticulum = 100 um Extracellular space = 1,000 um o Concentrations maintained by ion transporters and energy driven pumps on the plasma membrane and ER membrane o Calmodulin = allosteric regulator of other proteins Activated when Ca 2+ binds to it 4 binding sites; undergoes cooperative binding with Ca 2+ = the more Ca 2+ that binds to it, the more likely it is to bind another Ca 2+ molecule o CaM Kinase = protein that is activated by calmodulin Auto-phosphorylates and can remain active after calmodulin leaves
Cell Signaling part 2
15 Cell Signaling part 2 Functions of Cell Surface Receptors Other cell surface receptors are directly linked to intracellular enzymes. The largest family of these is the receptor protein tyrosine kinases,
More informationSignal Transduction Cascades
Signal Transduction Cascades Contents of this page: Kinases & phosphatases Protein Kinase A (camp-dependent protein kinase) G-protein signal cascade Structure of G-proteins Small GTP-binding proteins,
More informationSignal Transduction Pathways. Part 2
Signal Transduction Pathways Part 2 GPCRs G-protein coupled receptors > 700 GPCRs in humans Mediate responses to senses taste, smell, sight ~ 1000 GPCRs mediate sense of smell in mouse Half of all known
More informationBiosignals, Chapter 8, rearranged, Part I
Biosignals, Chapter 8, rearranged, Part I Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor: A Ligand-Binding Ion Channel Classes of Receptor Proteins in Eukaryotes, Heterotrimeric G Proteins Signaling View the Heterotrimeric
More informationMechanisms of Hormone Action
Mechanisms of Hormone Action General principles: 1. Signals act over different ranges. 2. Signals have different chemical natures. 3. The same signal can induce a different response in different cells.
More informationChapter 15: Signal transduction
Chapter 15: Signal transduction Know the terminology: Enzyme-linked receptor, G-protein linked receptor, nuclear hormone receptor, G-protein, adaptor protein, scaffolding protein, SH2 domain, MAPK, Ras,
More informationReceptor mediated Signal Transduction
Receptor mediated Signal Transduction G-protein-linked receptors adenylyl cyclase camp PKA Organization of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases From G.M. Cooper, The Cell. A molecular approach, 2004, third
More informationRegulation of cell function by intracellular signaling
Regulation of cell function by intracellular signaling Objectives: Regulation principle Allosteric and covalent mechanisms, Popular second messengers, Protein kinases, Kinase cascade and interaction. regulation
More informationSarah Jaar Marah Al-Darawsheh
22 Sarah Jaar Marah Al-Darawsheh Faisal Mohammad Receptors can be membrane proteins (for water-soluble hormones/ligands) or intracellular (found in the cytosol or nucleus and bind to DNA, for lipid-soluble
More informationThe elements of G protein-coupled receptor systems
The elements of G protein-coupled receptor systems Prostaglandines Sphingosine 1-phosphate a receptor that contains 7 membrane-spanning domains a coupled trimeric G protein which functions as a switch
More informationPropagation of the Signal
OpenStax-CNX module: m44452 1 Propagation of the Signal OpenStax College This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 By the end of this section,
More informationG-Protein Signaling. Introduction to intracellular signaling. Dr. SARRAY Sameh, Ph.D
G-Protein Signaling Introduction to intracellular signaling Dr. SARRAY Sameh, Ph.D Cell signaling Cells communicate via extracellular signaling molecules (Hormones, growth factors and neurotransmitters
More informationMembrane associated receptor transfers the information. Second messengers relay information
Membrane associated receptor transfers the information Most signals are polar and large Few of the signals are nonpolar Receptors are intrinsic membrane proteins Extracellular and intracellular domains
More informationLecture 15. Signal Transduction Pathways - Introduction
Lecture 15 Signal Transduction Pathways - Introduction So far.. Regulation of mrna synthesis Regulation of rrna synthesis Regulation of trna & 5S rrna synthesis Regulation of gene expression by signals
More informationRevision. camp pathway
االله الرحمن الرحيم بسم Revision camp pathway camp pathway Revision camp pathway Adenylate cyclase Adenylate Cyclase enzyme Adenylate cyclase catalyses the formation of camp from ATP. Stimulation or inhibition
More informationMCB*4010 Midterm Exam / Winter 2008
MCB*4010 Midterm Exam / Winter 2008 Name: ID: Instructions: Answer all 4 questions. The number of marks for each question indicates how many points you need to provide. Write your answers in point form,
More informationBiochemie 4. Cell communication - GPCR
Biochemie 4 Cell communication - GPCR 1 Lecture outline General principles - local and long-distance signaling - classes of receptors - molecular switches and second messengers Receptor tyrosine kinases
More informationLecture 9: Cell Communication I
02.05.10 Lecture 9: Cell Communication I Multicellular organisms need to coordinate cellular functions in different tissues Cell-to-cell communication is also used by single celled organisms to signal
More informationLipids and Membranes
Lipids and Membranes Presented by Dr. Mohammad Saadeh The requirements for the Pharmaceutical Biochemistry I Philadelphia University Faculty of pharmacy Membrane transport D. Endocytosis and Exocytosis
More informationEnzymes Part III: regulation II. Dr. Mamoun Ahram Summer, 2017
Enzymes Part III: regulation II Dr. Mamoun Ahram Summer, 2017 Advantage This is a major mechanism for rapid and transient regulation of enzyme activity. A most common mechanism is enzyme phosphorylation
More informationLecture: CHAPTER 13 Signal Transduction Pathways
Lecture: 10 17 2016 CHAPTER 13 Signal Transduction Pathways Chapter 13 Outline Signal transduction cascades have many components in common: 1. Release of a primary message as a response to a physiological
More informationThe Tissue Engineer s Toolkit
The Tissue Engineer s Toolkit Stimuli Detection and Response Ken Webb, Ph. D. Assistant Professor Dept. of Bioengineering Clemson University Environmental Stimulus-Cellular Response Environmental Stimuli
More informationPHSI3009 Frontiers in Cellular Physiology 2017
Overview of PHSI3009 L2 Cell membrane and Principles of cell communication L3 Signalling via G protein-coupled receptor L4 Calcium Signalling L5 Signalling via Growth Factors L6 Signalling via small G-protein
More informationCell Biology Lecture 9 Notes Basic Principles of cell signaling and GPCR system
Cell Biology Lecture 9 Notes Basic Principles of cell signaling and GPCR system Basic Elements of cell signaling: Signal or signaling molecule (ligand, first messenger) o Small molecules (epinephrine,
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition. Lectures by Chris Romero. Neil Campbell and Jane Reece
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lectures for Biology, Seventh Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero Overview: The Cellular Internet Cell-to-cell communication Is absolutely
More informationChapter 11. Cell Communication
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Overview: The Cellular Internet Cell-to-cell communication Is absolutely essential for multicellular organisms Concept 11.1: External signals are converted into responses
More informationReceptors and Drug Action. Dr. Subasini Pharmacology Department Ishik University, Erbil
Receptors and Drug Action Dr. Subasini Pharmacology Department Ishik University, Erbil Receptors and Drug Action Receptor Receptor is defined as a macromolecule or binding site located on the surface or
More informationGPCR. General Principles of Cell Signaling G-protein-Coupled Receptors Enzyme-Coupled Receptors Other Signaling Pathways. G-protein-Coupled Receptors
G-protein-Coupled Receptors General Principles of Cell Signaling G-protein-Coupled Receptors Enzyme-Coupled Receptors Other Signaling Pathways GPCR G-protein-coupled receptors Figure 15-30 Molecular Biology
More information2013 W. H. Freeman and Company. 12 Signal Transduction
2013 W. H. Freeman and Company 12 Signal Transduction CHAPTER 12 Signal Transduction Key topics: General features of signal transduction Structure and function of G protein coupled receptors Structure
More informationSignal-Transduction Cascades - 2. The Phosphoinositide Cascade
Signal-Transduction Cascades - 2 The Phosphoinositide Cascade Calcium ion as a second messenger Tyrosine kinase and receptor dimerization scribd.com Faisal Khatib JU The Phosphoinositide Cascade Used by
More informationPrinciples of Genetics and Molecular Biology
Cell signaling Dr. Diala Abu-Hassan, DDS, PhD School of Medicine Dr.abuhassand@gmail.com Principles of Genetics and Molecular Biology www.cs.montana.edu Modes of cell signaling Direct interaction of a
More informationINTERACTION DRUG BODY
INTERACTION DRUG BODY What the drug does to the body What the body does to the drug Receptors - intracellular receptors - membrane receptors - Channel receptors - G protein-coupled receptors - Tyrosine-kinase
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationEffects of Second Messengers
Effects of Second Messengers Inositol trisphosphate Diacylglycerol Opens Calcium Channels Binding to IP 3 -gated Channel Cooperative binding Activates Protein Kinase C is required Phosphorylation of many
More informationBIOLOGY. Cell Communication CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson. Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 11 Cell Communication Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Cellular Messaging Cells can signal to
More informationChapter 9. Cellular Signaling
Chapter 9 Cellular Signaling Cellular Messaging Page 215 Cells can signal to each other and interpret the signals they receive from other cells and the environment Signals are most often chemicals The
More informationCell Communication. Cell Communication. Communication between cells requires: ligand: the signaling molecule
Cell Communication Cell Communication Communication between cells requires: ligand: the signaling molecule receptor protein: the molecule to which the ligand binds (may be on the plasma membrane or within
More informationEnzyme-coupled Receptors. Cell-surface receptors 1. Ion-channel-coupled receptors 2. G-protein-coupled receptors 3. Enzyme-coupled receptors
Enzyme-coupled Receptors Cell-surface receptors 1. Ion-channel-coupled receptors 2. G-protein-coupled receptors 3. Enzyme-coupled receptors Cell-surface receptors allow a flow of ions across the plasma
More informationPrinciples of cell signaling Lecture 4
Principles of cell signaling Lecture 4 Johan Lennartsson Molecular Cell Biology (1BG320), 2014 Johan.Lennartsson@licr.uu.se 1 Receptor tyrosine kinase-induced signal transduction Erk MAP kinase pathway
More informationCellular Signaling Pathways. Signaling Overview
Cellular Signaling Pathways Signaling Overview Signaling steps Synthesis and release of signaling molecules (ligands) by the signaling cell. Transport of the signal to the target cell Detection of the
More informationChapter 20. Cell - Cell Signaling: Hormones and Receptors. Three general types of extracellular signaling. endocrine signaling. paracrine signaling
Chapter 20 Cell - Cell Signaling: Hormones and Receptors Three general types of extracellular signaling endocrine signaling paracrine signaling autocrine signaling Endocrine Signaling - signaling molecules
More informationSignal Transduction I
Signal Transduction I Prof. Tianhua Zhou Department of Cell Biology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Office hours by appointment tzhou@zju.edu.cn Signal transduction: Key contents for signal transduction:
More informationCell Communication. Cell Communication. Cell Communication. Cell Communication. Cell Communication. Chapter 9. Communication between cells requires:
Chapter 9 Communication between cells requires: ligand: the signaling molecule receptor protein: the molecule to which the receptor binds -may be on the plasma membrane or within the cell 2 There are four
More informationTala Saleh. Ahmad Attari. Mamoun Ahram
23 Tala Saleh Ahmad Attari Minna Mushtaha Mamoun Ahram In the previous lecture, we discussed the mechanisms of regulating enzymes through inhibitors. Now, we will start this lecture by discussing regulation
More informationKEY CONCEPT QUESTIONS IN SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION
Signal Transduction - Part 2 Key Concepts - Receptor tyrosine kinases control cell metabolism and proliferation Growth factor signaling through Ras Mutated cell signaling genes in cancer cells are called
More informationBCOR 011 Lecture 19 Oct 12, 2005 I. Cell Communication Signal Transduction Chapter 11
BCOR 011 Lecture 19 Oct 12, 2005 I. Cell Communication Signal Transduction Chapter 11 External signal is received and converted to another form to elicit a response 1 Lecture Outline 1. Types of intercellular
More informationANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH. 6 - CELL COMMUNICATION.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: CELL-TO-CELL CONNECTIONS AND SIGNALING Gap and Tight Junctions: Adjacent cells communicate and hold on to each other via junctions. Two important kinds: Gap Junctions are
More informationPlasma membranes. Plasmodesmata between plant cells. Gap junctions between animal cells Cell junctions. Cell-cell recognition
Cell Communication Cell Signaling Cell-to-cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms Communicate by chemical messengers Animal and plant cells have cell junctions that directly connect
More informationBy the name of Allah
By the name of Allah Receptors function and signal transduction ( Hormones and receptors Types) We were talking about receptors of the neurotransmitters; we have 2 types of receptors: 1- Ionotropic receptors
More information11/8/16. Cell Signaling Mechanisms. Dr. Abercrombie 11/8/2016. Principal Parts of Neurons A Signal Processing Computer
Cell Signaling Mechanisms Dr. Abercrombie 11/8/2016 Principal Parts of Neurons A Signal Processing Computer A Multitude of Synapses and Synaptic Actions Summation/Synaptic Integration 1 The Synapse Signal
More informationSignaling. Dr. Sujata Persad Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy & Health research
Signaling Dr. Sujata Persad 3-020 Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy & Health research E-mail:sujata.persad@ualberta.ca 1 Growth Factor Receptors and Other Signaling Pathways What we will cover today: How
More informationIntroduction! Introduction! Introduction! Chem Lecture 10 Signal Transduction & Sensory Systems Part 2
Chem 452 - Lecture 10 Signal Transduction & Sensory Systems Part 2 Questions of the Day: How does the hormone insulin trigger the uptake of glucose in the cells that it targets. Introduction! Signal transduction
More informationCell Communication. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationG protein-coupled Signal Transduction
Theresa Filtz, hd har 735, Winter 2006 G protein-coupled Signal Transduction Main Objectives (the big chunks) Describe in molecular detail the cascades of events in a generalized G protein-coupled signaling
More information2402 : Anatomy/Physiology
Dr. Chris Doumen Lecture 2 2402 : Anatomy/Physiology The Endocrine System G proteins and Adenylate Cyclase /camp TextBook Readings Pages 405 and 599 through 603. Make use of the figures in your textbook
More informationBiol220 Cell Signalling Cyclic AMP the classical secondary messenger
Biol220 Cell Signalling Cyclic AMP the classical secondary messenger The classical secondary messenger model of intracellular signalling A cell surface receptor binds the signal molecule (the primary
More informationModel Answer. M.Sc. Zoology (First Semester) Examination Paper LZT 103 (Endocrinology)
Model Answer M.Sc. Zoology (First Semester) Examination-2013 Paper LZT 103 (Endocrinology) Section A 1. (i) d (ii) b (iii) b (iv) c (v) c (vi) a (vii) c (viii) a (ix) d (x) b Section B Q.2 Answer Hormonal
More informationCell Signaling 2. The components of signaling pathways
Cell Signaling 2. The components of signaling pathways A simple intracellular signaling pathway The first step of the pathway is the binding of the ligand (first messenger) to the receptor (a G protein-coupled
More informationPhysiology Unit 1 CELL SIGNALING: CHEMICAL MESSENGERS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS
Physiology Unit 1 CELL SIGNALING: CHEMICAL MESSENGERS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS In Physiology Today Cell Communication Homeostatic mechanisms maintain a normal balance of the body s internal environment
More informationAsma Karameh BAHAA NAJJAR. Ebaa' Alzayadneh
26 Asma Karameh BAHAA NAJJAR Ebaa' Alzayadneh Generally speaking, all cells have been programmed during development to response to specific set of extracellular signals produced by other cells.these signals
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology. Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationCell Communication. Local and Long Distance Signaling
Cell Communication Cell to cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms Some universal mechanisms of cellular regulation providing more evidence for the evolutionary relatedness of all life
More informationReceptors Families. Assistant Prof. Dr. Najlaa Saadi PhD Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Philadelphia
Receptors Families Assistant Prof. Dr. Najlaa Saadi PhD Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Philadelphia Receptor Families 1. Ligand-gated ion channels 2. G protein coupled receptors 3. Enzyme-linked
More informationRevision. General functions of hormones. Hormone receptors. Hormone derived from steroids Small polypeptide Hormone
االله الرحمن الرحيم بسم Revision General functions of hormones. Hormone receptors Classification according to chemical nature Classification according to mechanism of action Compare and contrast between
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Biology. Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece. PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for
Chapter 11 Cell Communication PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan Sharp
More informationtarget effector enzyme is Phospholipase C A. target protein adenylate cyclase camp-> PKA B. target protein phospholipase C two 2nd Messengers:
COR 011 Cell Communication II Lect 19 Lecture Outline Signal molecule Activated Ras-GT A G-rotein And they tell friends And they tell friends And they tell friends 1. Finish Trimeric G-rotein: hospholipase
More informationChem Lecture 10 Signal Transduction
Chem 452 - Lecture 10 Signal Transduction 111130 Here we look at the movement of a signal from the outside of a cell to its inside, where it elicits changes within the cell. These changes are usually mediated
More informationChapter 11. Cell Communication. Signal Transduction Pathways
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Signal Transduction Pathways Signal-Transduction Pathway Signal on a cell s surface is converted into a specific cellular response Local signaling (short distance) - Paracrine
More informationHormones and Signal Transduction. Dr. Kevin Ahern
Dr. Kevin Ahern Signaling Outline Signaling Outline Background Signaling Outline Background Membranes Signaling Outline Background Membranes Hormones & Receptors Signaling Outline Background Membranes
More informationMolecular Bioscience 401: Lecture 11.1 Cell Signaling. Slide #1
Molecular Bioscience 401: Lecture 11.1 Cell Signaling Slide #1 Cell Communication Necessary for multicellular organisms Unlike unicellular organisms, multicellular Organisms require elaborate cell communication
More information10/15/2011. Chapter 11 Cell Communication. Outline. Overview: Cellular Messaging. Evolution. Evolution of Signaling
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Outline I. Cell Signaling II. Forms of cell signaling III. Quick review of cell membrane IV. Cell Surface s I. G- Coupled s II. osine Kinase s III. Ligand-Gated Ion Channels
More informationCell Signaling and Communication - 1
Cell Signaling and Communication - 1 Just as we communicate with other humans in a number of different ways, cells communicate with other cells and with their external environment with a set of cell signal
More informationOrganization of lectures: Cell Signaling I: Sex, Drugs and Violence. Cell signaling is central to modern medicine. Forms of Cell Signaling
Cell Signaling I: Sex, Drugs and Violence Joe W. Ramos jramos@crch.hawaii.edu www.crch.org/profiles/jramos Organization of lectures: General Principles of signaling cascades Hormone Signaling Signaling
More informationG-Protein Coupled Receptors GPCRs. GPCRs
2 type of ligands 1 G-Protein Coupled Receptors GPCRs One of the largest protein families: > 1000 type of GPCRs in mammals >3% of the human genes Major drug targets: ~ 60 % of approved drugs interact with
More informationSignal-Transduction Pathways
Signal-Transduction Pathways Pal Bauer 2014/2015 Copyright 2007 by W. H. Freeman and Company No men is an island entire of itself; every man Is a piece of the continent, a part of the main John Donne Introduction
More information1. Activated receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) phosphorylates themselves
Enzyme-coupled receptors Transmembrane proteins Ligand-binding domain on the outer surface Cytoplasmic domain acts as an enzyme itself or forms a complex with enzyme 1. Activated receptor tyrosine kinases
More informationCell Communication. Chapter 11. Overview: The Cellular Internet
Chapter 11 Cell Communication Overview: The Cellular Internet Cell-to-cell communication is essential for multicellular organisms Biologists have discovered some universal mechanisms of cellular regulation
More informationMolecular Cell Biology - Problem Drill 19: Cell Signaling Pathways and Gene Expression
Molecular Cell Biology - Problem Drill 19: Cell Signaling Pathways and Gene Expression Question No. 1 of 10 1. Which statement about cell signaling is correct? Question #1 (A) Cell signaling involves receiving
More informationBIOLOGY. Cell Communication. Outline. Evolution of Signaling. Overview: Cellular Messaging. Local and Long-Distance Signaling
11 CAMBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson Cell Communication Lecture resentation by Dr Burns NVC Biol 120 Outline I. Cell Signaling II. Forms of cell signaling III. Quick
More informationVets 111/Biov 111 Cell Signalling-2. Secondary messengers the cyclic AMP intracellular signalling system
Vets 111/Biov 111 Cell Signalling-2 Secondary messengers the cyclic AMP intracellular signalling system The classical secondary messenger model of intracellular signalling A cell surface receptor binds
More information- Biosignaling: Signal transduction. References: chapter 8 of Lippincots chapter 1 3 of Lehningers
Basic concepts of Metabolism Metabolism and metabolic pathway Metabolic Map Catabolism Anabolism - Regulation of Metabolism Signals from within the cell (Intracellular) Communication between cells. - Biosignaling:
More informationG-Proteins Receptors and 2nd Messenger Mechanism
G-Proteins Receptors and 2nd Messenger Mechanism (A lot of information in this sheet is repeated over and over. In my opinion, this is the easiest lecture, enjoy ) Recap: Receptors are specific protein
More informationSignaling Through Immune System Receptors (Ch. 7)
Signaling Through Immune System Receptors (Ch. 7) 1. General principles of signal transduction and propagation. 2. Antigen receptor signaling and lymphocyte activation. 3. Other receptors and signaling
More informationComputational Biology I LSM5191
Computational Biology I LSM5191 Aylwin Ng, D.Phil Lecture 6 Notes: Control Systems in Gene Expression Pulling it all together: coordinated control of transcriptional regulatory molecules Simple Control:
More informationTuesday, Sept. 14, Is an enzyme a rigid system?
Tuesday, Sept. 14, Is an enzyme a rigid system? Early researchers thought of enzymes as rigid entities, recognizing their substrates the way a lock would recognize a key. Today's researchers, however,
More informationCellular Physiology (PHSI3009) Contents:
Cellular Physiology (PHSI3009) Contents: Cell membranes and communication 2 nd messenger systems G-coupled protein signalling Calcium signalling Small G-protein signalling o RAS o MAPK o PI3K RHO GTPases
More informationUNIT 3: Signal transduction. Prof K Syed Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology University of Zululand Room no. 247
UNIT 3: Signal transduction Prof K Syed Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology University of Zululand Room no. 247 SyedK@unizulu.ac.za Topics Signal transduction Terminology G-protein signaling pathway
More informationBIOLOGY. Cell Communication CAMPBELL. Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson. Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY TENTH EDITION Reece Urry Cain Wasserman Minorsky Jackson 11 Cell Communication Lecture Presentation by Nicole Tunbridge and Kathleen Fitzpatrick Cellular Messaging Cells can signal to
More informationSignal Transduction: Information Metabolism. Chem 454: Regulatory Mechanisms in Biochemistry University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire
Signal Transduction: Information Metabolism Chem 454: Regulatory Mechanisms in Biochemistry University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Introduction Information Metabolism How cells receive, process and respond
More informationPharmacodynamics. OUTLINE Definition. Mechanisms of drug action. Receptors. Agonists. Types. Types Locations Effects. Definition
Pharmacodynamics OUTLINE Definition. Mechanisms of drug action. Receptors Types Locations Effects Agonists Definition Types Outlines of Pharmacodynamics Antagonists Definition Types Therapeutic Index Definition
More informationChapter 11 Cell Communication Guided Reading. 3. How do intercellular connections function in cell to cell communication?
AP Biology TEXT: Biology, Campbell and Reece 7 th Edition Name Chapter 11 Cell Communication Guided Reading This chapter is often considered difficult as you have not covered it in an introductory biology
More informationLECTURE PRESENTATIONS
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 11 Cell Communication Lectures
More informationCell communication. S Cellbiosystems Olli-Pekka Koistinen
Cell communication S-114.2500 Cellbiosystems Olli-Pekka Koistinen 28.11.2007 Cell communication Cellbiosystems? What does it mean? Large groups of cells interacting with each other? Complex cell communication
More informationSignal Transduction Pathways
Signal Transduction Pathways If it helps, think of signal transduction pathways like what happens when you get a text message: Reception = Your phone vibrates or dings. Transduction = You unlock the phone
More informationNeurotransmitter Systems II Receptors. Reading: BCP Chapter 6
Neurotransmitter Systems II Receptors Reading: BCP Chapter 6 Neurotransmitter Systems Normal function of the human brain requires an orderly set of chemical reactions. Some of the most important chemical
More informationA Primer on G Protein Signaling. Elliott Ross UT-Southwestern Medical Center
A Primer on G Protein Signaling Elliott Ross UT-Southwestern Medical Center Receptor G Effector The MODULE Rhodopsins Adrenergics Muscarinics Serotonin, Dopamine Histamine, GABA b, Glutamate Eiscosanoids
More informationCell Biology (BIOL 4374 and BCHS 4313) Third Exam 4/24/01
Cell Biology (BIOL 4374 and BCHS 4313) Third Exam 4/24/01 Name SS# This exam is worth a total of 100 points. The number of points each question is worth is shown in parentheses. For multiple choice questions,
More informationDrug Receptor Interactions and Pharmacodynamics
Drug Receptor Interactions and Pharmacodynamics Dr. Raz Mohammed MSc Pharmacology School of Pharmacy 22.10.2017 Lec 6 Pharmacodynamics definition Pharmacodynamics describes the actions of a drug on the
More information