Results after 5-years of Foliar Nutritional Therapy to HLB Valencia Trees. Bob Rouse, UF/IFAS SWFREC, Immokalee
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1 Results after 5-years of Foliar Nutritional Therapy to HLB Valencia Trees Bob Rouse, UF/IFAS SWFREC, Immokalee
2 Update on the Orange Hammock Grove 330 acres planted 1992 Hamlin (125 ac) & Valencia (205 ac) Rootstocks Swingle & Carrizo Spacing: 22 x 12 (165 trees/acre) Flatwoods bedded grove Two row beds Maxijet emitters Psyllid control sprays aerial Dry ground applied fertilizer Foliar applied nutritionals & SARs
3 Nutrition Program Foliar Spray: Ground Applied: Serenade Calcium Nitrate Sonata Triple Super Phosphate Renew (N-P-K) DAP K-Phite (Phosphite) SPM SAver (SA) MOP Magnesium Sulfate Magnesium Manganese Sulfate Iron Zinc Sulfate Boron w/herbicide application Sodium Molybdate Copper as nutritional only Spray Grade (KNO3) when needed 435 Citrus Spray Oil AgPro (mined earth elements) Hydrogen peroxide
4 Orange Hammock Grove Production Season Hamlin Valencia Wt. Boxes Lb. slds/bx Bx/ac Avg. Wt. Boxes Lb. Slds/bx Bx/ac Avg , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
5 HLB Symptom Rating Systems 100 trees (10 trees x 10 rows) in 2 blocks 0 = Vigorous, no symptoms 1 = Vigorous, slight symptoms 2 = Slight decline (symptomatic) 3 = Moderate decline (symptomatic) 4 = Sever decline (symptomatic) 5 = Won t recover 6 = Missing tree
6 1 = Vigorous, slight symptomatic 2 = Slight decline, symptomatic 3 = Moderate decline, symptomatic
7 Number of Trees Visual Ratings of Orange Hammock 1/06/12 Young Trees Mature Trees 0 = Vigorous, no symptoms 1 = Vigorous, slight symptomatic 2 = Slight decline, symptomatic 3 = Moderate decline, symptomatic Visual Rating
8 Conclusions on Boyd s Nutritional Therapy Program Trees with HLB have been maintained for 8 seasons Yield has maintained for 8 years since HLB confirmed HLB in mature Valencia increased from 40%, 91% to 95% between 2008 and 2012, respectively HLB in young Valencia increased from 81%, 100%, 100% betweem 2008 and 2012, respectively Symptom ratings and tree condition improved in both mature and young Valencia from 2010 to 2012
9 Test Site in Southwest Florida Barron Collier Silverstrand North Grove Block B-9 (32 acres planted 2003) Valencia/Swingle Spacing: 12 x 24 (151 trees/acre) Flatwoods bedded grove 2-row beds Maxijet emitters Trees defoliated in 2005 due to canker (Gramoxone) Trees defoliated in 2006 and abandoned due to HLB Psyllid control sprays by ground Dry ground applied fertilizer Foliar applied nutritionals & SARs
10 Experimental Methods Randomized replicated complete block experiment 10 treatments, 4 replications, 120 trees per plot 3 applications per year (spring, summer, fall flushes) Applied with John Bean citrus speed sprayer
11 TREATMENTS TREATMENT TREATMENT PRODUCTS 1 Micro+Macro+H3PO3+SAR+H2O2 2 Micro+Macro+H3PO3 3 Micro + KNO3+H3PO3 4 KNO3 5 SAR + KNO3 6 Macro+H3PO3+SAR 7 Micro+KNO3+SAR 8 Macro +H3PO3 9 Micro+ Macro +H3PO3+ SAR 10 Grower control liquid micros w/summer oil
12 VALENCIA FRUIT DROP CROP Treatment Fruit Drop ( lbs.) 7 45 a 4 28 b 5 28 b 6 22 c 1 21 c 2 10 d 3 10 d 8 10 d 9 10 d d
13 PCR Ct values for B. Collier test sites Site Year Range Mean Incidence B.Collier 2008 >15% a 40% b 85% b 98% b 98%
14 TREATMENTS TREATMENT TREATMENT PRODUCTS 1 Micro+Macro+H3PO3+SAR+H2O2 2 Micro+Macro+H3PO3 3 Micro + KNO3+H3PO3 4 KNO3 5 SAR + KNO3 6 Macro+H3PO3+SAR 7 Micro+KNO3+SAR 8 Macro +H3PO3 9 Micro+ Macro +H3PO3+ SAR 10 Grower control liquid micros w/summer oil
15 Valencia 30 acre Commercial Trial Barron Collier (Valencia Yield) (freeze) 2011 (freeze) 2012 Trt. Lb. tree Trt. Lb. tree Trt. Lb. tree Trt. Lb. tree Trt. Lbs. tree a a a a a a a a a ab a ab ab a ab a ab ab a ab a ab ab a ab a ab ab ab ab a ab ab ab ab a b ab b ab a b b b b a b b c c
16 What Appears to be Working? Micronutrients (Mg, Mn sulfate, Zn sulfate, Mo, B) Macro nutrient (KNO3, Urea, DKP) Phosphite for disease Salicylic acid for growth flush stimulation
17 Economics of Foliar Nutritionals to Manage HLB Fritz Roka, Bob Rouse UF/IFAS - SWFREC 1. Cost matters 2. Profit is the Goal not just keeping HLB trees productive
18 Annual added cost (material only) TRTMTs Description $/a-yr 4 Oil+KNO3 ($31) 10 Control -liquid micros w/summer oil $0 5 Oil+KNO3+SAR $65 7 Oil+KNO3+MICRO+SAR $121 3 Oil+KNO3+(H3PO3)+MICRO $121 8 Oil+KNO3+(DKP+H3PO3) $225 2 Oil+KNO3+(DKP+H3PO3)+MICRO $281 6 Oil+KNO3+(DKP+H3PO3)+SAR $321 9 Oil+KNO3+(DKP+H3PO3)+MICRO+SAR $377 1 Oil+KNO3+(DKP+H3PO3)+MICRO+SAR+H2O2 $419 18
19 cumulative YIELD gain TRTMTs Description boxes/acre 1 $ Oil+KNO3+(DKP+Kphite)+MICRO+SAR+H2O $ Oil+KNO3+(DKP+Kphite)+MICRO $ Oil+KNO3+MICRO+SAR Oil+KNO3+(DKP+Kphite)+MICRO+SAR Oil+KNO3+SAR Oil+KNO3+(Kphite)+MICRO Oil+KNO3+(DKP+Kphite) Oil+KNO Oil+KNO3+(DKP+Kphite)+SAR Control -liquid micros w/summer oil
20 cumulative INCOME gain ($1.70/ps, $3/bx harvest + DOC, 6.25 ps/bx) TRTMTs Description $/a 7 $ Oil+KNO3+MICRO+SAR $1,398 5 Oil+KNO3+SAR $1,278 4 Oil+KNO3 $1,008 3 Oil+KNO3+(H3PO3)+MICRO $904 2 $ Oil+KNO3+(DKP+H3PO3)+MICRO $808 1 $ Oil+KNO3+(DKP+H3PO3)+MICRO+SAR+H2O2 $140 8 Oil+KNO3+(DKP+H3PO3) ($120) 9 Oil+KNO3+(DKP+H3PO3)+MICRO+SAR ($182) 6 Oil+KNO3+(DKP+H3PO3)+SAR ($1,241) 10 Control -liquid micros w/summer oil $0 20
21 HLB Nutritional Field Trial 21
22 Cost per pound for added yield gain Trt. Cost/ acre Lbs/acre Cost/lb Income gain $/acre 1 $ $4.22 $140 2 $ $2.84 $808 7 $ $1.26 $1,398
23 Take Home Message Bottom Line 1. HLB Trees can be Rehabilitated 2. Observation: (Most citrus growers are practicing a foliar nutrition program and seeing positive results) 3. Psyllid Management + Foliar Nutritional Reduces Continued Inoculations & Allows Foliar Nutrition to Improve and Maintain Tree Health while Maintaining Economical Production.
24 Appreciation to: CRDF (Citrus Research & Development Foundation) The citrus growers in Florida Diamond R Fertilizer Plant Food Systems AgraQuest Flo-Tec, Inc. Yara
25 Controlled Release Fertilizer Dr. Jude Grosser Appears to allow impacted HLB root systems to take up critical nutrients form the soil solution Mega-doses of certain minor elements
26
27 Questions? Thank you
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