Neo-Neanderthalisation and Human Disease the Origins of Cancer, Autoimmune Disease, Neurodegeneration, Metabolic Syndrome X and Schizophrenia/Autism
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1 Neo-Neanderthalisation and Human Disease the Origins of Cancer, Autoimmune Disease, Neurodegeneration, Metabolic Syndrome X and Schizophrenia/Autism
2 Introduction Actinidic archaea has been related to global warming and human diseases especially autoimmune disease, neurodegeneration, neuropsychiatric disorder, neoplasm and metabolic syndrome x. The growth of endosymbiotic actinidic archaea in relation to climate change and global warming leads to neanderthalisation of the human mind-body system. Neanderthal anthropometry and metabolonomics has been described in autoimmune disease, neurodegeneration, neuropsychiatric disorder, neoplasm and metabolic syndrome x especially the Warburg phenotype and hyperdigoxinemia. Digoxin produced by archaeal cholesterol catabolism produces Neanderthalisation. Prefrontal cortical atrophy and cerebellar hyperplasia has been related to autoimmune disease, neurodegeneration, neuropsychiatric disorder, neoplasm and metabolic syndrome x in this communication. This leads on to dysautonomia with sympathetic hyperactivity and parasympathetic neuropathy in these disorders. Actinidic archaeal related cerebellar dominance leads to changes in brain function. The data is described in this paper Materials and Methods Fifteen cases, each of autoimmune disease, neurodegeneration, neuropsychiatric disorder, neoplasm, metabolic syndrome x and internet addicts were selected for the study. Each case had an age and sex matched control. Neanderthal anthropometric and phenotypic measurements which included protruding supra-orbital ridges, dolichocephalic skull, small mandible, prominent mid face and nose, short upper and lower limbs, prominent trunk, low index finger-ring finger ratio and fair complexion were evaluated in the cases study. Autonomic function tests were done to assess the sympathetic and parasympathetic system in each case. CT scan of the head was done to have a 120
3 volumetric assessment of the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum. Blood cytochrome F420 activity was assessed by spectrophotometric measurement. Results All the case groups studied had higher percentage of Neanderthal anthropometric and phenotypic measurements. There was low index finger-ring finger ratio suggestive of high testosterone levels in all the patient population studied. In all the case groups studied, there also was prefrontal cortex atrophy and cerebellar hyperplasia. Similarly in the all the case groups studied, there was dysautonomia with sympathetic overactivity and parasympathetic neuropathy. Cytochrome F420 was detected in the entire case group studied showing endosymbiotic archaeal overgrowth. Disease Table 1. Neanderthal phenotype and systemic disease. Cyt F420 Neanderthal phenotype Low index fingerring finger ratio Schizophrenia 69% 75% 65% Autism 80% 75% 72% Alzheimer s disease 89% 65% 75% Parkinson s disease 70% 71% 80% Non-Hodgkin s lymphoma 72% 60% 69% Multiple myeloma 70% 68% 74% Diabetes mellitus with stroke and CAD 65% 72% 72% SLE/Lupus 75% 85% 74% Multiple sclerosis 80% 75% 75% Internet users 65% 72% 69% 121
4 Disease Table 2. Neanderthal phenotype and brain dysfunction. Dysautonomia Prefrontal cortex atrophy Cerebellar hypertrophy Schizophrenia 65% 60% 70% Autism 72% 69% 72% Alzheimer s disease 60% 72% 60% Parkinson s disease 62% 71% 68% Non-Hodgkin s lymphoma 79% 65% 75% Multiple myeloma 69% 72% 80% Diabetes mellitus with stroke and CAD 64% 84% 69% SLE/Lupus 75% 73% 72% Multiple sclerosis 69% 74% 76% Internet users 74% 84% 82% Discussion Neanderthal metabolonomics contribute to the pathogenesis of these disorders. There were Neanderthal phenotypic features in all the case groups studied as well as low index finger-ring finger ratios suggestive of increased testosterone levels. Neanderthalisation of the mind-body system occurs due to increased growth of actinidic archaea as a consequence of global warming. Neanderthalisation of the mind leads to cerebellar dominance and prefrontal cortex atrophy. This leads to dysautonomia with parasympathetic neuropathy and sympathetic hyperactivity. Global warming and the ice age produces increased growth of extremophiles. This leads to increased growth of actinidic archaeal endosymbiosis in humans. There is archaeal proliferation in the gut which enters the cerebellum and brain stem by reverse axonal transport via the vagus. The cerebellum and brain stem can be considered as an archaeal colony. The archaea are cholesterol catabolising and use cholesterol as a carbon and energy source. The actinidic 122
5 archaea activates the toll receptor HIF alpha inducing the Warburg phenotype resulting in increased glycolysis with generation of glycine as well as pyruvate dehydrogenase suppression. The accumulated pyruvate enters the GABA shunt generating of succinyl CoA and glycine. The archaeal catabolism of cholesterol produces ring oxidation and generation of pyruvate which also enters the GABA shunt scheme producing glycine and succinyl CoA. This leads to increased synthesis of porphyrins. In the setting of digoxin induced sodium potassium ATPase inhibition the dipolar porphyrins produce a pumped phonon system resulting in the frohlich model Bose-Einstein condensate and quantal perception of low level EMF. Low level EMF pollution is common with internet usage. Perception of low level of EMF leads to neanderthalisation of the brain with prefrontal cortex atrophy and cerebellar hyperplasia. The archaea which reaches the cerebellum from the gut via the vagus nerve proliferates and makes the cerebellum dominant with resultant suppression and atrophy of the prefrontal cortex. This leads to wide spread autistic and schizophrenic traits in population. The actinidic archaea induces the Warburg phenotype with increased glycolysis, PDH inhibition and mitochondrial suppression. This produces neanderthalisation of the mind-body system. The actinidic archaea secretes RNA viroids which block HERV expression by RNA interference. The HERV suppression contributes to the inhibition of prefrontal cortex development in Neanderthals and cerebellar dominance. Archaeal digoxin produces sodium potassium ATPase inhibition and magnesium depletion causing reverse transcriptase inhibition and decreased generation of HERV. The HERV contributes to the dynamicity of the genome and are required for the development of the prefrontal cortex. The HERV suppression contributes to retroviral resistance in Neanderthals. The actinidic archaea catabolises cholesterol leading to cholesterol depleted state. Cholesterol depletion also leads to poor synaptic connectivity and decreased development of prefrontal cortex. 123
6 This is not genetic change but a form of symbiotic change with endosymbiotic actinidic archaeal growth in the body and brain. Internet use and low level EMF pollution is common in this century. This results in increased low level EMF perception by the brain by the digoxinporphyrin mediated pumped phonon system created Bose-Einstein condensates contributing to prefrontal cortex atrophy and cerebellar dominance. Cerebellar dominance leads to schizophrenia and autism. There is an epidemic of autism and schizophrenia in the present day community. The porphyrin mediated extrasensory perception can contribute to communication among Neanderthals. Neanderthals did not have a language and used extrasensory perception as a form of group communication. Because of dominant extrasensory quantal perception, the Neanderthals did not have individual identity but only group identity. Cerebellar dominance results in creativity consequent to quantal perception and group perception. The Neanderthalic traits contribute to innovation and creativity. Cerebellar dominance results in development of a symbolic language. The Neanderthals used dance and music as a form of communication. Painting as a form of communication was also common in Neanderthals. Neanderthal behaviour was robotic. Robotic behaviour is characteristic of cerebellar dominance. Robotic, symbolic and ritualistic behaviour is common with cerebellar dominance and is seen in autistic traits. The cerebellar dominance in Neanderthals leads to intuitive intelligence and a hypnotic quality to communication. The increased extrasensory quantal perception leads to more communion with nature and a form of eco-spirituality. The increasing use of dance and music as a form of communication and ecospirituality is common in the modern century along with increased incidence of autism. The cholesterol depletion leads to bile acid deficiency and generation of small social groups in Neanderthals. Bile acid binds to olfactory receptors and 124
7 contributes to group identity. This can also contributes to the generation of autistic features in Neanderthals. The Neanderthal population was predominantly autistic and schizophrenic. The modern population is a hybrid of Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalis. This contributes to 10 to 20 per cent dominant hybrids who tend to have schizophrenic and autistic qualities and contributes to creativity of civilisation. The Neanderthals tend to be innovative and chaotic. They tend to be creative in art, literature, dance, spirituality and science. Eighty per cent of less dominant hybrids are stable and contribute to a stabilizing influence leading to growth of civilisation. The homo sapiens were stable and non-creative over a long period of their existence. There was a burst of creativity with generation of music, dance, painting, ornaments, the creation of concept of God and compassionate group behaviour around 10,000 years ago in the homo sapiens community. This correlated with the generation of Neanderthal hybrids when the Euroasian Neanderthal male mated with homo sapiens African females. The extrasensory/quantal perception due to dipolar porphyrins and digoxin induced sodium potassium ATPase inhibition and the generated pumped phonon system mediated quantal perception leads to the globalisation phenomena and feeling of the world being a global village. The archaeal cholesterol catabolism leads to increased synthesis of digoxin. Digoxin promotes tryptophan transport over tyrosine. Tyrosine deficiency leads to dopamine deficiency and morphine deficiency. This leads to a morphine deficiency syndrome in Neanderthals. This contributes to addiction traits and creativity. The increased tryptophan levels produce increased alkaloids like LSD contributing to ecstasy and spirituality of Neanderthal population. Addictive, ADHD and autistic features are related to the morphine deficiency state. The ketogenic diet consumed by the meat eating Neanderthals leads on to increased generation of hydroxy butyric acid which produces ecstasy and a dissociative type of anaesthesia contributing to the 125
8 Neanderthal psychology. The dopamine deficiency leads to decreased melanin synthesis and fairness of the population. This was responsible for the fair colour of the Neanderthals. The Neanderthals were essentially meat eaters taking a ketogenic diet. The acetoacetic acid is converted to acetyl CoA which enters the TCA cycle. When the Neanderthal hybrids consume a glucogenic diet owing to the spread of settled civilisation it produces pyruvate accumulation owing to PDH suppression in Neanderthals. The increased archaeal growth activates the toll receptor and induces HIF alpha resulting in increased glycolysis, PDH suppression and mitochondrial dysfunction- the Warburg phenotype. The pyruvate enters the GABA shunt pathway producing glutamate, ammonia and porphyrins resulting in neuropathology of autism and schizophrenia. Neanderthals consuming a ketogenic diet produces more of GABA an inhibitory neurotransmitter resulting in the docile quiet nature of the Neanderthals. There is less production of glutamate the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter of the prefrontal cortex and consciousness pathways. This leads onto dominance of cerebellar function. The Neanderthal hybrids have cerebellar dominance and less of conscious behaviour. Cerebellum is responsible for intuititive, unconscious behaviour as well as creativity and spirituality. The cerebellum is the site of extrasensory perception, magical acts and hypnosis. The predominant homosapiens had prefrontal cortex dominance over the cerebellum resulting in more of conscious behaviour. The Neanderthals consuming a glucogenic diet produces increased glycolysis in the setting of PDH inhibition. This produces the Warburg phenotype. There is increased lymphocytic glycolysis producing autoimmune diseases and immune activation. The increased levels of GAPD result in nuclear cell death and neurodegeneration. The predominance of glycolysis and suppression of mitochondrial function results in glycemia and metabolic syndrome x. The 126
9 increased mitochondrial PT pore hexokinase leads to cell proliferation and oncogenesis. The glycolytic intermediate 3-phosphoglycerate is converted to glycine resulting in NMDA excitotoxicity contributing to schizophrenia and autism. Cerebellar dominance is reported in schizophrenia and autism. The cerebellar hyperplasia results in sympathetic hyperactivity and parasympathetic neuropathy. This contributes to cell proliferation and oncogenesis. Vagal neuropathy results in immune activation and autoimmune disease. Vagal neuropathy and sympathetic overactivity can contribute to glycogenolysis and lipolysis resulting in metabolic syndrome x. Cerebellar dominance and cerebellar cognitive affective dysfunction can contribute to schizophrenia and autism. The increased porphyrin synthesis resulting from succinyl CoA generated by GABA shunt and glycine generated by glycolysis contributes to increased extrasensory perception important in schizophrenia and autism. Sympathetic overactivity and parasympathetic neuropathy can contribute to neurodegeneration. The archaeal cholesterol catabolism generates digoxin which produces sodium potassium ATPase inhibition and increase in intracellular calcium and decrease in intracellular magnesium. The increase in intracellular calcium produces oncogene activation and NFKB activation resulting in malignancies and autoimmune diseases. The increase in intracellular calcium opens the mitochondrial PT pore resulting in cell death and neurodegeneration. The increase in intracellular calcium can modulate the neurotransmitter release from presynaptic vesicles. This can modulate neurotransmission. Digoxin induced magnesium depletion can remove the magnesium block on the NMDA receptor resulting in NMDA excitotoxicity. Digoxin can modulate the glutamatergic thalamocorticothalamic pathway and consciousness resulting in schizophrenia and autism. Digoxin induced magnesium depletion can inhibit reverse transcriptase activity and HERV generation modulating the dynamicity of the 127
10 genome. Digoxin induced intracellular calcium accumulation and magnesium depletion can modulate G-protein and protein tyrosine kinase dependent neurotransmitter and endocrine receptors. This can produce digoxin induced neuro-immuno-endocrine integration. Digoxin functions as a neanderthal master hormone. The actinidic archaea are cholesterol catabolising and leads to low levels of testosterone and estrogen. This leads on to asexual features and low reproductive rates of the Neanderthal population. The Neanderthals consume a low fibre diet with low lignan content. The actinidic archaea has cholesterol catabolising enzymes generating more of testosterone than estrogens. This contributes to estrogen deficiency and testosterone overactivity. The Neanderthal population are hypermales with concommitant right hemispheric dominance and cerebellar dominance. Testosterone suppresses left hemispheric function. The high testosterone levels in Neanderthals contribute to a bigger brain. The Neanderthals males as well as females had a higher level of testosterone contributing to gender equality and gender neutral states. There was group identity and group motherhood with no differences between roles of both males and females. This also resulted in matrilinearity. The higher testosterone levels in males as well as females led to alternate type of sexuality and aberrant behaviour. The homo sapiens eat a high fibre diet with low cholesterol and high lignan content contributing to estrogen dominance, left hemispheric dominance and cerebellar hypoplasia. Homo sapiens had higher reproductive rates and overtook the Neanderthal population resulting in its extinction. The homo sapien population was conservative with normal sexual mores, family values and patriarchial type of behaviour. The role of females the homo sapien community was inferior to males. The increasing generation of Neanderthal hybrids due to climate change mediated archaeal overgrowth leads to gender equality and equidominance of male and female in this century. 128
11 The cholesterol catabolism results in cholesterol depletion and bile acid deficiency. Bile acids bind to VDR and are immunomodulatory. Bile acid deficiency leads to immune activation and autoimmune disease. Bile acids bind to FXR, LXR and PXR modulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. This leads to metabolic syndrome x in the presence of bile acid deficiency. Bile acid uncouples oxidative phosphorylation and its deficiency leads to obesity of metabolic syndrome x. Bile acids bind to olfactory receptors and are important in group identity. Bile acid deficiency leads to formation of small social groups in Neanderthals and genesis of autism. Cholesterol depletion also leads to vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D binds to VDR and produces immunomodulation. Vitamin D deficiency leads to immune activation and autoimmune diseases. Vitamin D deficiency can also produce rickets and contribute to the phenotypic features of Neanderthals. Vitamin D deficiency can contribute to brain development resulting in macrocephaly. Vitamin D deficiency contributes to insulin resistance and truncal obesity of Neanderthals. Vitamin D deficiency contributes to the fairness of the Neanderthal skin as a phenotypic adaptation. The Neanderthal phenotypic features are due to vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance. Thus global warming and increased endosymbiotic actinidic archaeal growth leads to cholesterol catabolism and generation of the Warburg phenotype resulting in increased porphyrin synthesis, extrasensory low EMF perception, prefrontal cortex atrophy, insulin resistance and cerebellar dominance. This leads on to neanderthalisation of the body and brain. References [1] Weaver TD, Hublin JJ. Neandertal Birth Canal Shape and the Evolution of Human Childbirth. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2009; 106: [2] Kurup RA, Kurup PA. Endosymbiotic Actinidic Archaeal Mediated Warburg Phenotype Mediates Human Disease State. Advances in Natural Science 2012; 5(1):
12 [3] Morgan E. The Neanderthal theory of autism, Asperger and ADHD; 2007, [4] Graves P. New Models and Metaphors for the Neanderthal Debate. Current Anthropology 1991; 32(5): [5] Sawyer GJ, Maley B. Neanderthal Reconstructed. The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist 2005; 283B(1): [6] Bastir M, O Higgins P, Rosas A. Facial Ontogeny in Neanderthals and Modern Humans. Proc. Biol. Sci. 2007; 274: [7] Neubauer S, Gunz P, Hublin JJ. Endocranial Shape Changes during Growth in Chimpanzees and Humans: A Morphometric Analysis of Unique and Shared Aspects. J. Hum. Evol. 2010; 59: [8] Courchesne E, Pierce K. Brain Overgrowth in Autism during a Critical Time in Development: Implications for Frontal Pyramidal Neuron and Interneuron Development and Connectivity. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 2005; 23: [9] Green RE, Krause J, Briggs AW, Maricic T, Stenzel U, Kircher M, Patterson N, Li H, Zhai W, et al. A Draft Sequence of the Neandertal Genome. Science 2010; 328: [10] Mithen SJ. The Singing Neanderthals: The Origins of Music, Language, Mind and Body; 2005, ISBN [11] Bruner E, Manzi G, Arsuaga JL. Encephalization and Allometric Trajectories in the Genus Homo: Evidence from the Neandertal and Modern Lineages. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2003; 100: [12] Gooch S. The Dream Culture of the Neanderthals: Guardians of the Ancient Wisdom. Inner Traditions, Wildwood House, London; [13] Gooch S. The Neanderthal Legacy: Reawakening Our Genetic and Cultural Origins. Inner Traditions, Wildwood House, London; [14] Kurtén B. Den Svarta Tigern, ALBA Publishing, Stockholm, Sweden; [15] Spikins P. Autism, the Integrations of Difference and the Origins of Modern Human Behaviour. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 2009; 19(2): [16] Eswaran V, Harpending H, Rogers AR. Genomics Refutes an Exclusively African Origin of Humans. Journal of Human Evolution 2005; 49(1):
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