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1 Editorial Board Contributors Preface General Methods p. 1 General Methods: Antibody-Based and Molecular p. 3 Introduction p. 5 Antibody-Based Methods p. 6 p. xiii p. xv p. xxv Introduction to Molecular Methodology p. 26 Specimen Collection and Handling p. 49 Immunoglobulin Methods p. 51 Introduction p. 53 Immunoglobulin Genes p. 54 Clinical Indications and Applications of Electrophoresis and Immunofixation p. 66 Immunochemical Characterization of Immunoglobulins p. 71 Immunoglobulin Quantification p. 92 Cryoglobulins, Cryofibrinogenemia, and Pyroglobulins p. 97 Complement p. 107 Introduction p. 109 Choosing Complement Tests: Differentiating between Hereditary and Acquired Deficiency p. 111 Molecular Genetic Analyses of Human Complement Components C4A and C4B p. 117 Flow Cytometric Analysis p. 133 Introduction p. 135 Immunophenotyping of Lymphocytes by Flow Cytometry p. 137 Immunophenotyping of Leukemia and Lymphoma by Flow Cytometry p. 148 Functional Assays by Flow Cytometry p. 160 DNA Content Flow Cytometry p. 171 Standardized Flow Cytometry Assays for Enumerating Hematopoietic Stem Progenitor Cells Multiplexed Bead Assay in Flow Cytometry: Flow Cytometry-Based Suspension Array Technology p. 185 p. 197 Cellular Immunology Assays p. 209 Introduction p. 211 Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Skin Testing p. 212 Cryopreservation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells p. 220 T-Lymphocyte Activation and Cell Signaling p. 224 Methods for Detection of Antigen-Specific CD8[superscript +] T Cells and Assessment of Their Function p. 238 Evaluation of the T-Cell Receptor Repertoire p. 244 Molecular Diagnosis of Chronic Granulomatous Disease p. 256 Evaluation of Phagocytic Cell Function p. 265 Flow Cytometric Detection and Quantification of Apoptotic Cells p. 274 Non-Flow Cytometry-Based Cell Enumeration Systems p. 284

2 Quantification of Recent Thymic Emigrants: T-Cell-Receptor Excision Circles p. 291 Measurement of NK-Cell Activity in Humans p. 296 Cellular Immune Assays for Evaluation of Vaccine Efficacy in Developing Countries p. 301 Cytokines, Chemokines, and Adhesion Molecules p. 318 Introduction p. 319 Protein Analysis and Bioassays of Cytokines and Cytokine Receptors p. 320 Flow Cytometric Analysis of Cytokines p. 338 Molecular Analysis of Cytokines and Cytokine Receptors p. 347 Chemokine and Chemokine Receptor Analysis p. 357 Cell Adhesion Molecules: Potential Therapeutic and Diagnostic Implications p. 368 Immunohistology and Immunopathology p. 378 Introduction p. 379 Immunohistochemistry--Principles and Advances p. 380 Immunohistochemistry: Diagnostic and Prognostic Applications in Tumor Diagnosis p. 387 Immunofluorescence Methods in the Diagnosis of Skin and Renal Disease p. 393 Immunologic Diagnosis and Monitoring of Disease p. 403 Infectious Diseases Caused by Bacteria, Mycoplasmas, Chlamydiae, and Rickettsiae p. 405 Introduction p. 407 Immune Response to Streptococcal Antigens: Diagnostic Methods p. 409 Haemophilus influenzae Type b, Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Corynebacterium diphtheriae Vaccines p. 418 Clostridium tetani: Immune Response and Diagnostic Methods p. 432 Immunologic Methods for Diagnosis of Infections by Gram-Negative Cocci p. 435 Immunologic Methods for Diagnosis of Infections Caused by Diarrheagenic Members of the Families Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae p. 447 Serodiagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Eradication p. 462 Detection of Antibodies to Legionella spp. p. 468 Immunologic Methods for Diagnosis of Spirochetal Diseases p. 477 Lyme Disease: Serodiagnosis of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Infection p. 494 Immunological Tests in Tuberculosis and Leprosy p. 502 Nocardiae and Agents of Actinomycosis p. 511 Mycoplasma Infection: Immunologic and Molecular Biologic Diagnostic Techniques p. 516 Chlamydiae p. 522 Immunoserology of the Rickettsiales, Bartonella, and Coxiella p. 528 Mycotic and Parasitic Diseases p. 543 Introduction p. 545 Clinical Immunoparasitology p. 547 Clinical Immunomycology p. 559 Viral Diseases p. 585 Introduction p. 587 Rapid Viral Diagnosis p. 588

3 Antibody-Enhanced Detection of Viruses in Cell Cultures p. 598 Herpes Simplex Virus p. 605 Varicella-Zoster Virus p. 611 Epstein-Barr Virus p. 615 Cytomegalovirus p. 627 Human Herpesvirus 6, 7, and 8 p. 635 Papovaviruses p. 646 Adenoviruses p. 652 Parvovirus B19 p. 659 Influenza Viruses p. 666 Respiratory Syncytial Virus and the Parainfluenza Viruses p. 672 Measles and Mumps p. 682 Rubella Virus p. 687 Enteroviruses p. 693 Viral Hepatitis p. 696 Enzyme Immunoassays for Detection of Rotavirus Antigen and Antibody p. 718 Arboviruses p. 727 Hantaviruses p. 736 Rabies Virus p. 742 Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Types I and II p. 749 Human Immunodeficiency Virus p. 755 Introduction p. 757 Immunologic Evaluation of Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection p. 758 Quantitation of Viremia and Determination of Drug Resistance in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection p. 772 Principles and Procedures of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Serodiagnosis p. 790 Immunodeficiency Diseases p. 805 Introduction p. 807 Genetics of Inherited Immunodeficiency Diseases and Diagnostic Techniques p. 810 Combined B- and T-Cell Deficiencies p. 819 Investigation of Signal Transduction Defects p. 826 Primary Antibody Deficiencies in Children and Adults p. 830 Inherited and Acquired C1-Inhibitor Deficiency p. 837 Genetically Determined Deficiencies of the Complement System: C1, C4, C2, and C3 p. 842 Deficiencies of Mannose-Binding Lectin, the Alternative Pathway, and the Late Complement Components p. 847 Neutropenia and Neutrophil Defects p. 855 Allergic Diseases p. 865 Introduction p. 867 Quantitation and Standardization of Allergens p. 868 In Vivo Diagnostic Allergy Testing Methods p. 875 The Diagnostic Allergy Laboratory p. 883

4 Tests for Immunological Reactions to Drugs and Occupational Allergens p. 891 Assay Methods for Measurement of Mediators and Markers of Allergic Inflammation p. 899 Immunological Tests for Evaluation of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis and Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis p. 910 Systemic Autoimmune Diseases p. 919 Introduction p. 921 Immunofluorescent Antinuclear Antibody Tests p. 922 Autoantibody Testing by Non-Fluorescein Isothiocyanate (FITC) Methods p. 933 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Diagnostically Important Antinuclear Antibodies p. 951 Rheumatoid Factors p. 961 Antiphospholipid Antibody Tests p. 973 Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCAs) and ANCA Testing p. 981 Organ-Localized Autoimmune Diseases p. 987 Introduction p. 989 Endocrinopathies p. 990 Autoantibody Profiles of Myasthenia Gravis and Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome p Autoimmune Autonomic Neuropathy and Neuromuscular Hyperexcitability Disorders p Autoantibodies to Glycolipids in Peripheral Neuropathy p Detection of Antimitochondrial Autoantibodies in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Liver-Kidney Microsomal Antibodies in Autoimmune Hepatitis p Skin Diseases p Cardiovascular Diseases p Kidney and Lung Disease Mediated by Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Antibodies: p Detection by Western Blot Analysis Autoimmunity of Testis, Ovary, and Spermatozoa p Immunologic Testing for Celiac Disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease p Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia p Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia p Cancer p Introduction p Human Tumor Antigens Recognized by T Cells p Cancer Vaccines p Malignancies of the Lymphoid and Histiocytic Systems p Monitoring of Immunologic Therapies p The Future of Chip Technologies in Cancer Care and Research p Transplantation Immunology and Immunogenetics p Immunogenetics: Transplantation and Beyond p HLA Typing by Molecular Methods p Evaluation of the Humoral Response in Transplantation p Evaluation of the Cellular Immune Response in Transplantation p Histocompatibility Assessment in Bone Marrow Transplantation p Graft Engineering for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation p. 1187

5 Minor Histocompatibility Antigens p Administration p Laboratory Management p Introduction p Standardization of Immunoassay Methodologies p Quality Assurance p Planning Statistical Quality Control Procedures p Clinical Significance and Cost-Effectiveness of Clinical Immunology Testing p Clinical Immunology Laboratory Accreditation, Licensure, and Credentials p Establishment and Verification of Reference Values p Author Index p Subject Index p Table of Contents provided by Blackwell's Book Services and R.R. Bowker. Used with permission.