IGCSE Biology Revision Answers

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1 IGCSE Biology Revision Answers Test 1 Characteristics of Living Organisms 1. (b), (c) and (e) 2. Nutrition; respiration 3. (b) and (d) 4. T, F, F, F 5. Nutrition; respiration Metabolism; excretion 7. F, T, F, F 8. Movement 9. The supply of petrol nutrition for the car is similar to The release of energy respiration when petrol is burnt in a car is like The release of energy movement from petrol in a car makes the wheels go round. In a living organism this is like A car releases exhaust excretion fumes. In a living organism this is like 10. (b) and (d) Test 2 Classification of Living Organisms 1. Y and Z; genus 2. F, F, T, F 3. (b) and (d) 4. Arachnids 5. The animal is a thin cylinder in shape with rings around its body showing that it is segmented. The animal is a thin cylinder in shape with a dry scaly skin. The animal is a thin cylinder in shape and has a moist, slimy skin. annelid reptile nematode Dicotyledons 7. Mammals; myriapods; molluscs 8. The skin is moist and they have legs. The skin is covered in fur and they have legs. The skin is covered in scales and they have fins. The skin is covered in feathers and they have legs. The skin is covered in scales and they have legs. amphibian mammals fish birds reptiles 9. Mammals 10. (a) and (d) Test 3 Classification of Living Organisms 1. (c) and (e) 2. Vertebrates T, T, F, F 5. (a), (c) and (d) Arthropods 7. Arthropods 8. (a) and (c)

2 9. Rana ibericus 10. Birds Legs covered in scales and body covered in feathers. Amphibians Body covered in moist skin. Reptiles Body covered in dry scales. Mammals Body covered in hair or fur. Test 4 Cell Structure and Function 1. T, F, T, T, F, F 2. A cell membrane 3. F, F, F, T 5. A large surface area root hair cell leaf organ xylem tissue 7. Trachea or oviducts 8. (a) 9. T, T, F, F 10. nucleus controls cell activities cell wall gives the plant cell shape chloroplast produces food cell controls what enters membrane and leaves the cell Test 5 Cell Structure and Function 8. Cell wall 9. Fungi Test 6 Movement in and out of Cells 1. (c) 2. T, T, F, F 3. Diffusion 4. (a) 5. (a) T, F, F, F 7. Down 8. Solute when salt dissolves in water, this is the salt Solution when salt dissolves in water, this is the product Solvent when salt dissolves in water, this is the water 9. T, T, F, F, T 10. Does not need energy Test 7 Cells 1. (c) 2. T, F, F, T 3. Energy; against 4. T, F, T, F 5. (a) and (c) Down; lost; to; 6% 7. (a) 8. T, F, T, F, F 9. Water; high; low; down 10. F, T, T, T, F 1. Cell wall 2. Chloroplast 3. (a) 4. F, F, T, T 5. (b) and (d) T, F, F, T, F, T 7. Contraction

3 Test 8 Enzymes 1. (b) (c) 4. (a) and (b) 5. F, T, F, F, T F, F, T, T 7. (c) 8. F, F, T, T Test 9 Nutrients and Plant Nutrition 1. Amino acids 2. Protein 3. (c) 4. Nitrogen 5. Less carbon dioxide; more oxygen (c) 7. F, F, F, T 9. Mineral ions; chlorophyll 10. F, F, F, T Test 10 Nutrients and Plant Nutrition 1. Water; oxygen 2. (c) 3. T, F, F, T 4. (d) 5. Stoma (b) 7. Glucose; chlorophyll; chloroplast 8. Amino acids/proteins 9. (d) 10. Fat C Carbohydrate B Protein A Test 11 Nutrients and Plant Nutrition 1. Bacteria; lactic acid 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. A wood burner 5. F, T, F, T, F, F Photosynthesis manufactures small carbohydrate molecules. Some of the molecules made in photosynthesis are converted to amino acids. Some molecules made in photosynthesis are converted to starch grains. These are called glucose. These are used for protein synthesis. These are used for storage. 7. Magnesium 8. F, T, F 9. (d) 10. F, F, T, F Test 12 Animal Nutrition 1. (b), (d) and (e) 2. Duodenum 3. Peristalsis 4. Fats Fatty acids and glycerol Proteins Amino acids Carbohydrates Simple sugars 5. Liver Incisor biting and cutting Canine piercing and tearing Molars grinding and chewing 7. F, F, F, T and (d) 9. Pancreas 10. (a) and (b)

4 Test 13 Animal Nutrition 1. Produces digestive juice Transports food from mouth to stomach Absorbs digested food Produces pancreas oesophagus small intestine stomach hydrochloric acid 2. Mouth; stomach 3. (a) and (b) 4. F, T, T, F, T 5. (c) Stomach 7. Amylase 8. (a) 9. (b), (c) and (e) 10. Constipation Test 14 Transport in Plants 1. Xylem vessels; mesophyll cells 2. (d) 3. F, F, F, T 4. Phloem; translocation 5. (b) T, F, T, F 7. Root 8. F, T, F, T Test 15 Transport in Humans 1. Right ventricle 2. T, F, F 3. (a) 4. X and Z 5. (b) (a) 7. Plasma Platelets carrying food substances clotting Red blood cells carrying oxygen White blood defence against cells disease 9. Is fitter 10. Towards the heart Test 16 Transport in Humans 1. (a), (b) and (d) 2. Pulmonary artery; aorta 3. F, T, F, T, F 4. (b) and (d) 5. F, T, F, F A vein B artery C capillaries 7. (b) 8. Left ventricle 9. Carrying oxygen 10. Arteries; capillaries; veins Test 17 Respiration 1. (b), (d) and (e) 2. Tar 3. Lactic acid 4. Carbon monoxide Nicotine Tar stops blood cells carrying oxygen raises blood pressure causes lung cancer 5. T, T, F To make the dough rise 7. (d) 8. Water 9. (a) and (b) 10. C

5 Test 18 Respiration 1. (b) and (c) 2. Lactic acid 3. Ferment; alcohol 5. F, F, F, T Increases; increases 7. A smaller surface area 8. (c) 9. F, T, F, F 10. (a) Test 19 Transport and Respiration 1. (a) 2. 1 Exposure to damaged tissue 2 Platelets activated 3 Fibrinogen converted to fibrin 4 Red blood cells trapped 3. An infection 4. F, T, T, F 5. (b) Lymphocytes; antibodies 7. (c) 8. Lymph vessels 9. Contract; relax; up and out; increases 10. F, T, F Test 20 Excretion 1. F, T, F, F 2. Excess protein 3. Urine 4. (a), (c) and (d) 5. Urine (b) 7. B 8. (a), (b) and (d) Test 21 Gas Exchange and Excretion 1. 1 External intercostal muscles contract 2 Ribs are raised 3 Volume of the chest increases 4 Pressure inside the chest falls 5 Air enters 2. F, T, F, F 3. Proteins 4. (b) 5. T, F, F, F (b) 7. F, T, F Test 22 Co-ordination and Response 1. (c) 2. F, T, F, F 3. Synapse 4. Plants; gravity; growth 5. (a) 1 Sense organ 2 Sensory neurone 3 Central nervous system 4 Motor neurone 5 Effector 7. Retina 8. Sensory neurone; motor neurone 9. A receptor; a relay; an effector 10. (a) Test 23 Co-ordination and Response 1. Adrenaline 2. (c)

6 3. 1 receptor 2 sensory neurone 3 relay neurone 4 motor neurone 5 effector 4. Thicker; less 5. F, T, T Circular; radial 7. Motor neurone 8. (d) 9. Triceps 10. (b) and (d) Test 24 Co-ordination and Response 1. Homeostasis 2. Evaporation; cooled 3. F, F, F, T 4. (b) and (c) 5. (c) T, T, T, T 7. (c) 8. F, F, T, F Test 25 Co-ordination and Response 1. T, F, F, F 2. (a) and (b) 3. Retina; black-and-white; dim 5. (a) Glycogen; insulin; sugar 7. T, F, T, F, F 8. Glucagon 9. (c) and (d) 10. F, F, F, T Test 26 Reproduction 1. (a), (c) and (d) 2. T, F, F, F 3. Anther and (d) 5. Contracts; dilates; dilates B and C; A and D; C 7. F, F, T, F 8. Pollination; pollen grain; fertilisation 9. (c) 10. F, F, T, T Test 27 Reproduction 1. (b) 2. T, T, F, F 3. Testes 4. (a) 5. Anther; filament F, T, F 7. C; E; B 8. (c) 9. Southwest 10. Ovary forms a fruit Petal drops off Ovule becomes a seed Sepal remains in position, protects the developing fruit Stamen dries up and falls off Test 28 Reproduction Revision mode 1. F, F, T, F 2. (a) 3. Amnion 4. Sperms; vagina 5. T, T, T, F (a) 7. Oviduct; vagina; ovary 9. Menopause 10. (c)

7 Test 29 Reproduction 1. F, F, T, F 2. Decreases; very low levels 3. Testes 4. (b) and (d) 5. F, F, T, F A vasectomy 7. (a) 8. Puberty 9. T, F, T, T 10. (d) Test 30 Reproduction 1. F, F, T, T 2. (a) and (d) 3. T, T, F, F 4. Bacterial; can be treated 5. (a), (c) and (d) F, F, T, T 7. Cutting; oviducts 8. T, F, F, F 2 Food reserves are digested 3 Digested food moves to growing points 4 The radicle grows out of the seed 5 The plumule grows out of the seed Main root; shoot; food reserve 7. (c) and (d) o C; in an oven or incubator; water Test 33 Inheritance 1. Sex; X; X; X; Y 2. (c) 3. F, F, T, F 5. Mitosis; diploid (b), (c) and (e) 7. F, T, F, F, F 8. Diploid; haploid; more 9. (d) Y; 23+Y Test 31 Reproduction 1. (a) and (d) 2. Ovaries 3. F, T, F, F 4. Mammary 5. (a), (b), (c), (e) and (f) Artificial insemination 7. F, F, F, F, T 8. (a) Test 32 Growth and Development 1. F, F, F, T 2. (b) 3. Germination; decreases 4. Water 5. 1 Enzymes in the seed become active Test 34 Inheritance 1. (a) and (c) 2. Haploid; diploid; neither; diploid 3. F, F, F, T 5. M; 0.5M; M (d) 7. An X chromosome Test 35 Inheritance 1. BB and Bb 2. F, T, F, F 3. (b), (c) and (d) 4. Harmful; increased 5. Aidan (d) 7. 1:2:1; 3:1

8 8. 3:1 9. (a) and (c) 10. (b) Test 36 Inheritance T, F, F, T, T, T 3. (a) 4. 25% 5. T, F, F, F, T 50% 7. (b) and (e) 8. T, F, F, T 9. (e) red and 200 white Test 37 Inheritance 1. (b) 2. F, F, F, T 3. An antibiotic; resistant; survive 4. Co-dominance 5. (c) (c) 7. A white forelock; dominant Test 38 Relationships 1. (a) 2. T, T, F, T 3. C 4. (d) 5. Producers (d) 7. F, T, F, F 8. Energy flow 9. Exponential phase 10. C Test 39 Relationships 1. (a) and (c) 2. F, F, F, T 3. Photosynthesis 4. Reproduction; death 5. (b) and (d) Carnivore 7. Light; chemical and (c) 9. T, T, F, T 10. Decomposers Test 40 Relationships 1. F, F, F, T 2. (a) 3. Cause mutations 4. Carbon monoxide 5. F, T, F, F (a) and (c) 7. Nitrates; dissolved oxygen 8. T, F, F, F, T 9. (a) 10. Decreases; light; suspended solids Test 41 Relationships 1. F, F, T, F 2. (c) 3. Increase; oxygen 4. (a) 5. F, T, F, F (c) 7. D 9. F, F, T, F

9 10. 1 Screening to remove plastics and rubber for recycling 2 Sedimentation to allow solids to collect 3 Sludge digestion to kill parasite eggs and break down organic matter 4 Liquid filtration to remove particles in suspension Test 42 Relationships 1. (a), (d) and (f) 2. T, F, T, T, F, F 3. Plastic 4. T, T, F, F 5. (a), (d) and (e) Not biodegradable 7. (c) 8. T, F, T, T, F

2. Complete this table to give the function of the following organelles:

1. Label these diagrams of cells: 2. Complete this table to give the function of the following organelles: Organelle Cell Membrane Cell Wall Chloroplast Mitochondria Vacuole 3. State 2 differences between