XUE HUI Department of Histology& Embryology, Basic Medicine College of Jilin University
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1 SENSE ORGAN XUE HUI Department of Histology& Embryology, Basic Medicine College of Jilin University
2 EYE fibrous globe lens photosensitive cells a system of cells and nerves concentric layers the sclera and the cornea choroid, ciliary body, and iris retina
3 lens zonule ciliary body iris pupil anterior chamber posterior chamber vitreous space aqueous humor vitreous body
4 wall of eye balls external layer : 1. cornea (1) corneal epithelium: (2) Bowman s membrane: (3) stroma: (4) Desemet s membrane: (5) corneal endothelium:
5 (1) corneal epithelium: (2) Bowman s membrane: (3) substantial propria(stroma): (4) Desemet s membrane: (5) corneal endothelium:
6 The reason of the transparency of the cornea : 1. the absence of blood vessels 2. the non-pigmented epithelium 3. the regular organisation of collagen fibrils in the stoma 4. the transparent nature of the ground substance, and the maintenance of the state of hydration of the ground substance.
7 2. Sclera Dense connective tissue Corneal limbus Trabecular meshwork Schlemm's canal
8 1. choroid loose connective tissue abundant blood vessel and pigment cells Vascular tunic (uvea )
9 2. ciliary body The ciliary body is an anterior expansion of the choroid at the level of the lens. It forms a complete ring It forms a triangle in transverse section.
10 2. ciliary body (1)ciliary muscle: (2)ciliary body epithelium: internal sublayer(outer) unpigmented, cuboidal external sublayer highly pigmentea
11 2. ciliary body Ciliary processes Ciliary zonule
12 Section of ciliary processes showing their double layer of pigmented and nonpigmented epithelial cells. Note also the core of connective tissue. PT stain. Medium magnification.
13 Section of a ciliary process. Note the dark granules of melanin located in the cytoplasm of the inner epithelial cells. The outer epithelium is devoid of melanin. PT stain. High magnification.
14 3. Iris pupil mainly composed of loose connective tissue abundant vessel and pigmental cells
15 Section of iris, a structure consisting of a core of connective tissue highly vascularized in certain regions (arrowheads). The outer layer contains fibroblasts and very few pigmented cells (not seen in this photomicrograph). In contrast, the inner covering layer is heavily pigmented to protect the eye s interior from stray light. Dilator and constrictor (sphincter) pupillary muscles control the diameter of the pupil. PT stain. Medium magnification.
16 retina: high differentiation nervous tissue 4 layers of cells: (1) Pigment epithelium (2) Visual cells (3) Bipolar cells (4) Ganglion cells
17 The three layers of retinal neurons. The arrows indicate the direction of the light path. The stimulation generated by the incident light on rods and cones proceeds in the opposite direction.
18 (1)pigment epithelium: The apical cytoplasm contains large quantities of melanin granules, and the apical regions of the cells send out processes which project between the rod and cone processes. function:the pigment granules absorb light and prevent reflection.
19 (2)visual cell: rod cells: EM: inner segment: mitochondia, RER, Golgi complex and microtubules outer segment: membranous disk rhodopsin (11-cisretinal and opsin) Vitamine A cone cells: membranous disk, three kinds of cone cells, visual pigment (iodopsin)
20 (3)bipolar cells: (4)ganglion cells: radial neuroglia cells: called Müller cells The processes form internal and external limiting membrane
21 fovea centralis visual center no the rod cells This area is known as the yellow spot. In the centre of this yellow spot is a shallow depression, termed the fovea centralis. Here, all the layers of the retina are absent except the pigment epithelium and the sensitive layers, in which only cones are present. The fovea is therefore the area of most clear vision.
22 INCLUSION OF EYE BALL 1. lens: capsule: epithelium: fiber: Section of the anterior portion of the lens. The subcapsular epithelium secretes the lens capsule, which appears stained in red. The lens capsule is a thick basement membrane containing collagen type IV and laminin. Below the subcapsular epithelium, note the lens fibers, which are cells that have lost their nuclei and organelles, becoming thin, elongated, transparent structures. Picrosiriushematoxylin. Medium magnification.
23 2. vitreous body: 3. aqueous humor: circulation of aqueous humor
24 summary 1. The structure and functions of every layer of eyeball wall; 2.source and circulatory passages of aqueous humor; 3.the structure and functions of lens, ciliary zonule and vitreous body
25 Accessory Structure of The Eye 1. eyelid (1)skin (2)subskin tissue (3)musicularis (4)tarsus:tarsal glands (5)conjunctiva
26 irregular endothelium-lined channels formed the trabecular meshwork the trabecular meshwork, merge to form Schlemm's canal corneal limbus
27 Iris in HE
28 cilliary body
29 membranous disc
30 posterior portion of eye ball
31 substantia propria(stroma):
32 spiral organ
33 Eyeball
34 posterior half of the eyeball
35 cornea
36 cornea
37 Iris,trabecular meshwork and sinus venosus sclerae
38 posterior half of the eyeball
39 Retina
40 Central fovea
41 Papilla of optic nerve
42 Inner ear
43 The close association of M 黮 ler cells with neural elements in the sensory retina. M 黮 ler cells (dark fibrous cells) appear to be structurally and functionally equivalent to the astrocytes of the central nervous system, in that they envelop and support the neurons and nerve processes of the retina.
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