Provided by MedicalStudentExams.com NORMAL LABORATORY VALUES

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1 NORMAL LABORATORY VALUES 1. BLOOD, PLASMA, SERUM 2. CEREBROSPINAL FLUID 3. HEMATOLOGIC 4. SWEAT 5. URINE 6. SYNOVIAL FLUID 7. TOXIC LEVELS 8. Tumour Markers 9. Differential of Cerebral Spinal Fluid 10. Differential of Ascitic or Pleural Fluid 11. Gram Stains and Organisms 12. Hemodynamic Parameters 13. Table of Cardiac markers 14. Electrocardiogram Review 15. CARDIAC CYCLE 16. PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTING 17. ACID BASE FORMULAS 18. COAGULATION CASCADE REFERENCE RANGE SI REFERENCE INTERVALS 1. BLOOD, PLASMA, SERUM Alanine aminotransferase (ALT, GPT at 30 C) U/L U/L Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) U/L U/L Amylase, serum...<160 U/L...<160 U/L Anion Gap... Na + Cl - HCO 3 - Aspartate aminotransferase (AST, GOT at 30 C) U/L U/L Bilirubin, serum (adult) Total // Direct...<26 µmol/l // <7 µmol/l...<26 µmol/l // <7 µmol/l Calcium (serum Total mmol/l Ionized mmol/l Cholesterol, serum...<200 mg/dl...<5.2 mmol/l Cortisol, serum h: 5-23 µg/dl // 1600 h: 3-15 µg/dl nmol/l // nmol/l 2000 h: < 50% of 0800 h...fraction of 0800 h: < 0.50 Creatine kinase, serum...male: U/L U/L Female: U/L U/L Creatinine, serum mg/dl µmol/l Creatine Clearance ml/min/1.73 m2 Formula = (140-age) X weight (Kg) X 1.2 (men) Creatinine (plasma) GFR = Volume (urine) X Creatinine (urine) Creatinine (plasma) Electrolytes, serum Sodium (Na + ) meq/l mmol/l Chloride (Cl - ) meq/l mmol/l Potassium (K + ) meq/l mmol/l Bicarbonate (HCO - 3 ) meq/l mmol/l Magnesium (Mg 2+ ) meq/l mmol/l Estriol, total, serum (in pregnancy) wks // wks ng/ml // ng/ml // nmol/l wks // wks ng/ml // ng/ml // nmol/l

2 Ferritin, serum...male: ng/ml µg/l Female: ng/ml µg/l Follicle-stimulating hormone, serum/plasma...male: 4-25 miu/ml U/L Female: premenopause 4-30 miu/ml U/L midcycle peak miu/ml U/L postmenopause miu/ml U/L Folic (folate) nmol/l Gases, arterial blood (room air) ph [h + ] nmol/l P a CO mm Hg kpa P a O mm Hg kpa Bicarbonate (HCO 3 ) mmol/l mmol/l Oxygen saturation (S a O 2 ) % Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) U/L U/L Glucose, serum...fasting: mg/dl mmol/l 2-h postprandial: < 120 mg/dl...< 6.6 mmol/l Growth hormone - arginine stimulation...fasting: < 5 ng/ml...< 5 µg/l provocative stimuli: > 7 ng/ml...> 7 µg/l Immunoglobulins, serum IgA mg/dl g/l IgE IU/mL kiu/l IgG mg/dl g/l IgM mg/dl g/l Iron µg/dl µmol/l TIBC umol/l Lactate dehydrogenase, serum U/L U/L Lipoprotein (LDL) LDL...< 3.37 mmol/l HDL...> 0.9 mmol/l Lipase...<160 U/L Luteinizing hormone, serum/plasma...male: 6-23 miu/ml U/L Female: follicular phase 5-30 miu/ml U/L midcycle miu/ml U/L postmenopause miu/ml U/L Osmolality, serum mosmol/kg mosmol/kg Osmolar Gap.= 2 x Na + urea + glucose Parathyroid hormone, serum, N-terminal pg/ml ng/l Phosphorus (inorganic), serum mg/dl mmol/l PSA (prostate Specific Antigen)..0-4 ug/l Prolactin, serum (hprl)...< 20 ng/ml...< 20 µg/l Proteins, serum Total (recumbent) g/dl g/l Albumin g/dl g/l Globulin g/dl g/l

3 Thyroid-stimulating hormone, serum or plasma µu/ml mu/l Thyroidal iodine ( 123 I) uptake % of administered dose/24 h /24 h Thyroxine (T 4 ), serum µg/dl nmol/l (11-23 pmol/l) Troponin T...<0.10 ug/l Triglycerides, serum mg/dl...<2.20 mmol/l Triiodothyronine (T 3 ), serum (RIA) ng/dl nmol/l Triiodothyronine (T 3 ) resin uptake % Urea nitrogen, serum (BUN) mg/dl mmol/l Uric acid, serum mg/dl umol/l Vitamin B pmol/l 2. CEREBROSPINAL FLUID Cell count cells/mm x 10 6 /L Chloride meq/l mmol/l Gamma globulin % total proteins Glucose mg/dl mmol/l Pressure mm H 2 O mm H 2 O Proteins, total...<40 mg/dl...<0.40 g/l 3. HEMATOLOGIC Bleeding time (template)...< 9 minutes...< 9 minutes Erythrocyte count...male: million/mm x /L Female: million/mm x /L Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Westergren)...Male: < 6 mm/h...< 6 mm/h Female: < 10 mm/h...< 10 mm/h Hematocrit...Male: 42-52% Female: 37-46% Hemoglobin A 1C...< 6%...< 0.06% Hemoglobin, blood...male: g/dl ( g/l) mmol/l Female: g/dl ( g/l) mmol/l Hemoglobin, plasma mg/dl mmol/l International Normalized Ratio (INR) Leukocyte (WBC) count and differential Leukocyte count ,000/mm x 10 9 /L Segmented neutrophils % Bands...3-5% Eosinophils...1-3% Basophils % Lymphocytes % Monocytes...3-7%

4 Mean corpuscular hemoglobin pg/cell fmol/cell Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration % Hb/cell mmol Hb/L Mean corpuscular volume µm fl Partial thromboplastin time (activated) seconds seconds Platelet count...150, ,000/mm x 10 9 /L Prothrombin time seconds seconds Reticulocyte count % of red cells Red cell distribution width (RDW) % Thrombin time...<2 seconds deviation from control...<2 seconds deviation from control Volume Plasma...Male: ml/kg L/kg Female: ml/kg L/kg Red blood cells (RBC)...Male: X /L L/kg Female: X /L L/kg 4. SWEAT Chloride mmol/l mmol/l 5. URINE Calcium mg/24 h mmol/24 h Chloride mmol/l Creatinine clearance...male: ml/min Female: ml/min Estriol, total (in pregnancy) 30 wks mg/24 h µmol/24 h 35 wks mg/24 h µmol/24 h 40 wks mg/24 h µmol/24 h 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids...Male: mg/24 h µmol/24 h Female: mg/24 h µmol/24 h 17-Ketosteroids, total...male: 8-20 mg/24 h µmol/24 h Female: 6-15 mg/24 h µmol/24 h Osmolality mosm/kg Oxalate µg/ml µmol/l Potassium mmol/day Proteins, total...<150 mg/24 h...<0.15 g/24 h Sodium mmol/day Uric acid...varies with diet...varies with diet 6. SYNOVIAL FLUID WBC..<200 Trauma, OA, SLE <3000 Gout, RA >4,000

5 Septic.. >60,000 Protein <3.0 g/dl Glucose >50 mg/dl Uric Acid. <8.0 mg/dl LDH < Serum LDH 7. TOXIC LEVELS Acetominophen >200. g/ml CO Hgb.. >20% EtOH (mg/dl in a non-alcoholic patient) >100 intoxicated >200 lethargic >300 coma >500 respiratory depression, death Ethylene Glycol >20 mg/dl Lead.. >100 g/dl MeOH. >200 mg/l Salicylate. >300 g/ml 8. Tumour Markers

6 9. Differential of Cerebral Spinal Fluid 10. Differential of Ascitic or Pleural Fluid 11. Gram Stains and Organisms

7 12. Hemodynamic Parameters 13. Table of Cardiac markers

8 14. Electrocardiogram Review 15. CARDIAC CYCLE

9 16. PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTING

10 17. ACID BASE FORMULAS HENDERSON EQUATION [H+] = K x [pco2] / [HCO3]; K = 24 [H+] = 24 x pco2 (mmhg)/hco3 (meq/l) HENDERSON HASSELBACK EQUATION ph = K+ + log [HCO3] / [H2CO3]; K+ = 6.1 ph = log [HCO3] / [pco3 (mmhg) x.03] COMPENSATION FORMULAE A. Metabolic acidosis: pco2 = 1.2 x HCO3 B. Metabolic Alkalosis: pco2 = 0.6 x HCO3 (range 0.4 to 0.8) C. Acute Respiratory Acidosis (minimal renal compensation): [H] = 0.8 x pco2 D. Chronic Respiratory Acidosis (maximal renal compensation): [H] = 0.3 x pco2 E. Acute Respiratory Alkalosis (minimal renal compensation): [H] = 0.8 x pco2 F. Respiratory Alkalosis (maximal renal compensation): [H] = 0.17 x pco2 18. COAGULATION CASCADE